21 Christianity guarantees to cerned has been denied by a weak and v.. lating executive.

"This ma. was not allowed Cristiane) aration for death. Time was not gramei te tac few who were interested in his fate to onsider the matter at all. In 's insane state he imagined he was aro her being than Arthur Duestrow. Whether the ministrations of a Protestant clergyman or a Cathole prost could have helped him on his clouded *ect, I know not, by the opivi on of manird has been, that under such circumstances, it is but right for the authorities of a civil-1 State to guarantee it to the highest and west alie.

"There are, my friends, none of the usally ttendant burial ceremonies here. Such beng the case, it can hardly be deemed sacr·legous for me to commend his soul to the merful consideration of the great God. After He's fitful fever he sleeps well.' In the caim and dispassionate forum of scientific and historical investigation, the character of his et will be determined and his irresponsibility Conceded. from out the darkened intellect, - he stoola le scaffold, there came words of forgiveness to those by whom, in his maginary el aracter, he was being wronged.

triumph of the law and a just punishment of its victim. I say here, in the presence of you few and in the presence of my God, of whom I have a full recognition, both as to His power and His mercy, that it is a disgrace to the humanity of the age-a triumph of ignorance and prejudice, as against every effort of science and legal skill to protect a poor afflicted son of humanity. It is illustrative of a retrogression to the cruel savagery of past ages. Every effort that I have made to get a just and humane view of this man's case has been thwarted by misrepresentation and abuse heaped upon him, which he had no power to repel, and which I was powerless to counteract.

"The efforts of the most skilled, careful and conscientious physicians were of no avail. All those expedients that years of wisdom and experience have incorporated into the law to protect the rights of the individual against aggressions of high power, or the cry of the mob, have been treated, not only with indifference, but, I may say, with contempt, by the press and by both subordinate and superior courts. Even the paltry bequest that Christianity guarantees to the condemned has been denied by a weak and vacillating executive.

"This man was not allowed Christian preparation for death. Time was not granted to the few who were interested in his fate to consider the matter at all. In his insane state he imagined he was another being than Arthur Duestrow. Whether the ministrations of a Protestant clergyman or a Catholic priest could have helped him in his clouded intellect, I know not, but the opinion of mankind has been, that under such circumstances, it is but right for the authorities of a civilized State to guarantee it to the highest and lowest alike.

"There are, my friends, none of the usually attendant burial ceremonies here. Such being the case, it can hardly be deemed sacrilegious for me to commend his soul to the merciful consideration of the great God. 'After life's fitful fever he sleeps well.' In the calm and dispassionate forum of scientific and historical investigation, the character of his act will be determined and his irresponsibility conceded. From out the darkened intellect, as he stood on the scaffold, there came words of forgiveness to those by whom, in his imaginary character, he was being wronged.

In the same spirit it is not unbecoming for me to say, God, forgive all those who have done wrong to the poor insane atom of humanity, whose remains we consign to this lowly grave."

He has been twice married, first to Miss Estelle Parker, of Washington City. Four children were born of this marriage, three of whom were living at the beginning of 1899. After the death of the first Mrs. Johnson, he married Miss Louise Stevens, daughter of a well known merchant of St. Louis, and three children have been born of this marriage. By reason of his eminence at the bar and in public life, Governor Johnson has been honored with the degree of doctor of laws by McKendree College, and he is a member of the faculty of Washington University.

Johnson, James Thomas, farmer, trader and auctioneer, was born in Audrain County, Missouri, March 1, 1853, son of William Otis and Mary (Carter) Johnson. William O. was a native of Culpeper County, Virginia, and the mother, Mary Carter, of Kentucky. The father, who died at Mexico September 23, 1896, was a man of extraordinary natural and mental qualities and of fine physique. He was a captain in the Confederate service in the Civil War, and performed some daring acts of bravery, making him a noted man among his acquaintances and in his community. The mother was a woman of strong character and of good family lineage. The son, James T., inherited the strong qualities of both parents. His education was acquired in the common schools of his county and in the State normal school at Kirksville, where he stood high in his classes. Speculation and security debts so involved the father that the panic of 1873 swept away his lands that under other conditions would have been an inheritance to his children. Financial embarrassment in that year recalled the son from school, and having been raised on a farm he naturally adopted agricultural pursuits. After returning from school, one year was spent with the father in repairing his fortunes, and the homestead was saved from the wreck. The next year, 1874, having arrived at his majority, he started alone with a capital composed solely of energy, industry and determination. Beginning as a tenant, he is now the largest owner of land, and if not the wealthiest, he is

one of the wealthiest men of Audrain County. He lives in one of the finest and most comfortable residences of Mexico, and directs. his farming operations and the raising and handling of stock from his city home. His fine intelligence and superior education has extended his acquaintance beyond the limits. of his State. His career as an auctioneer has been much like his career as a farmer. Beginning that business in his county, it extended to the State, and has now become interstate. On occasions when large quantities of fine stock are to be sold, his services are often required in adjoining States, and in 1896 he cried a sale of stock and lands at Paris, Kentucky. He is the moving spirit of his county in all public matters relating to fine stock and agriculture. For many years he was one of the directors of the Mexico Fair Association. He does not confine himself, however, to matters in which he has an immediate interest, but is in the front rank of all enterprises for the good of his city and county. He contributed largely to the erection of the military academy at Mexico in 1889, and to its rebuilding in 1900. In politics he is a Democrat. Though taking an active interest in political affairs he never asked for office, preferring to help others. On more than one occasion he has helped some worthy man to a position, and was never known to promote the interests of any one not wholly worthy of a place in the public service. April 21, 1887, he married Miss Fannie Cave, daughter of Major William S. Cave and Margaret (Harrison) Cave. His wife is from one of the oldest and most prominent families in northern Missouri. By the marriage there are four children, Charles Hardin, William Cave, Mary Frances and Margaret Louise. Mrs. Johnson is a useful member of the Christian Church.

Johnson, John Bates, physician, was born in Fairhaven, Massachusetts, April 26, 1817. His father, John Johnson, was a native of Norway, who emigrated to the United States in the year 1801 and after a short stay in New York removed to Massachusetts. His mother, Harriet Bates, was a daughter of Captain Joseph Bates, who rendered distinguished military service during the War of the Revolution. Dr. Johnson was educated at the Friends' Academy, in New Bed

ford, Massachusetts, where he was fitted for admission to Harvard University, but owing to the death of his father and the declining health of his mother, was unable to enter. He, however, continued his literary and classical studies until 1835, when, in accordance with a long cherished purpose, he began, in the office of Dr. Lyman Bartlett, in New Bedford, Massachusetts, and a year later entered the Berkshire Medical College, of Massachusetts, from which institution he received the degree of doctor of medicine in the spring of 1840, and subsequently was honored by the conferring of an ad eundem degree from Harvard. Having graduated in medicine, he was appointed, after a competitive examination, house surgeon in the Massachusetts General Hospital, in Boston, where he remained for one year, and was there associated with many of the leading physicians of that city. The practical knowledge of disease and valuable experience which he acquired during his residence in this celebrated institution, admirably qualified him for commencing the private practice of his profession, and it was here that the foundation was laid for his subsequent success, both as a practitioner and as a teacher of medicine. Dr. Johnson came to St. Louis in the spring of 1841, just when the city was beginning to attract general attention, and to give unmistakable evidence of its future greatness. His ability as a physician was soon recognized, and it was not long before he was in the enjoyment of an extensive and lucrative practice. Associating himself with the progressive men of his own age, who had been attracted to St. Louis about the same time as himself, he assisted, in 1843, in establishing the first public dispensary west of the Mississippi River, which marked a new era in the medical history of the city. He commenced his career as a teacher and lecturer in 1846, when he was chosen adjunct professor of clinical medicine and pathological anatomy in the medical department of Kemper College, which afterward became the Missouri Medical College, in which latter institution he filled the same chair until 1854, when he was elected professor in the St. Louis Medical College, now a department of the Washington University of that city. Dr. Johnson was present in Philadelphia, in 1847, and assisted in the formation of the National Medical Association, of which, in 1850, he