CHAP. IV. PRODUCTIONS OF THE EARTH-Distribu-
tion of Minerals-Distribution of Plants,
xcii.-Plants of General Distribution-Vege-
tation of the Frigid Zones, xciii.-Vegetation
of the Temperate Zones-Plants of the Tor-
rid Zone-Distribution of Animals-Fishes,
xciv.-Birds-Insects, xcv.-Distribution of
Quadrupeds-Quadrupeds Generally Distri-
buted, xcvi.-Total of all the Productions of
the Earth, xcviii.-Man Physically Consider-
ed, xcix.-The different Races of Men, ci.
CHAP. V. OF THE REVOLUTIONS WHICH HAVE
TAKEN PLACE UPON THE SURFACE OF THE
EARTH-Earthquakes, ciii.-Volcanoes, civ.-
Muddy Eruptions-Action of Water, cvi.-
Action of the Atmosphere-Labours of Man,
cviii.
CHAP. VI. PHYSICAL HISTORY OF THE EARTH, cix.
-Ideas of the Egyptians-Opinions of the
Chaldeans and Indians-Philosophy of Atoms,
and Greek Theories, cx.-Theory of Des-
cartes-Theory of Leibnitz-System of Buf-
fon-System of Burnet, cxi. - System of
Whiston-Ideas of Pallas-System of Hutton,
cxii.-Woodward's Theory-Theory of De-
luc-Theory of Saussure, cxiii.-Ideas of
Patrin Kirwan's Theory-Delamitherie's
Theory, cxiv.-Review of the preceding Sys-
tems, exv.-Werner's System, cxvi.-The-
ory of Cuvier, cxviii.-Internal Heat of the Globe, cxix.-General Conclusions, cxxi.
PART III. POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY.
Language, cxxiii. - Religion, cxxv.- Govern-
ment, cxxix.-Civilization-Statistics, &c.-
History, cxxxi.
GENERAL INTRODUCTION-Name-History, 1.-
Limits, 3.-Dimensions-Superficial Extent,
4.-Waters-White Sea-German Sea, 5.-
Jutland Channel and Cattegat-Baltic-Eng.
lish Channel-Mediterranean, 6.-Black Sea
-Lakes-Rivers, 7.-Plains-Mountains, 8.
-The Alps-Appenines-Pyrenees-Hel
lenic, Carpathian, and Russian Mountains,
9.-Volcanoes-Climate, 10.-Animals, 11.-
Vegetables-Minerals-Population, 12-Re-
ligious Sects, 13.-Classes of Society-Indus-
try and Commerce, 14.-Natural and Political
Divisions, 15.
EUROPEAN RUSSIA AND POLAND. RUSSIA.
Extent-Boundaries, 17.
CHAP. I. HISTORY-Ancient History, 18-Middle History, 21.-Modern History, 23-History of Poland, 35.
CHAP. II. PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY-Mountains-
Uralian Mountains-Finnic Mountains, 37.
-Alaunian, Carpathian, and Taurian Moun-
tains-Forests, 38.-Plains and Steppes, 39.-
Seas and Rivers-The Northern Ocean-The
Baltic, 40.-The Black Sea, and Sea of Azof,
42.-The Volga-Lakes, 43.-Canals, 444-
Mineral Waters, 45.
CHAP. III. CLIMATE, SOIL, AND PRODUCTIONS-CH. mate, 45.-Soil and Productions, 47.-Mine als, 48.-Fisheries-Animals, 49.- Bus,
Fish, and Insects, 50.
CHAP. IV. POPULATION-MANUFACTURES AND COM-
MERCE-MEASURES, WEIGHTS, AND MONEY, 50.
Tribes-Slavonians, 51-Finns-Tartars Pro-
per, 53.-Calmucks, Polar Tribes, and For-
eigners, 54.-Manufactures, 55.-Commerce,
57-Chinese Trade-Caspian Trade, 58-
Turkish Trade-Siberian Commerce-Baltic
Trade, 59-The Commerce of the Black Sea,
60.-Commerce on the Sea of Azof-Ameri-
can Establishments, 61.-Measures, Weights,
and Money-Computation of Time, 62.
CHAP. V. RELIGION, LITERATURE, ARTS AND SCI-
ENCES, EDUCATION, 63-Festivals-Blessing
of the Waters, 65.-Ecclesiastics-Early Lit-
erature, 66.-Modern Literature, 68-Print- ing-Offices-Establishments for Education,
70.-Theological Institutions, 72.
CHAP. VI. CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT-The
Autocrat, 72.-The Nobility-Freemen, 73-
Peasants-Administration, 74.-Laws, 75.-
Ecclesiastical Constitution, 76.-The Army,
77.-Military Colonies, 78-The Navy, 80-
The Revenue, 81.
CHAP. VII. PARTICULAR GEOGRAPHY-PROVINCES
of the Baltic-1st, Petersburg-The Metro-
polis, 82.-Its Amusements, 85.-Vapour
Baths-Society, 87.- Seminaries, 88.-2d,
Finland, 89.-Lapmarks-Aland Islands-3d,
Esthonia-4th, Livonia-Riga, 91.-Dorpt-
Oesel-5th, Courland, 92.
CHAP. VIII, GREAT RUSSIA-1st, Moskva, 92.-The City of Moscow, 93.-The Kremle, 94-The Exercise House-The Churches, 95.-Festi. val of the Resurrection, 96.-Bells-Found.
ling Hospital, 98.-Dwarfs-Wells of Mit-
istch-Monastery of the Holy Trinity, 99.-
2d, Smolensk-Town of Smolensk, 100.-3d, Pskov-4th, Twer-5th, Novogorod-Town of Novogorod-6th, Olonetz, 101-7th, Arch-
angel-Islands-8th, Vologda, 102.-9th, Ya-
roslav-10th, Kostroma-11th, Vladimir-
12th, Nishegorod-13th, Tambof-14th, Ria-
san-15th, Tula-16th, Kaluga-17th, Orel-
18th, Kursk-19th, Voronesh, 103.
CHAP. IX. LITTLE RUSSIA-1st, Kief, 104.-2d,
Tschernigov-3d, Pultava-4th, Slobodsk-
Ukraine, 105.
CHAP. X. SOUTHERN RUSSIA-1st, Ikaterinoslav,
105.-Towns, 106.-Tumuli-2d, Cherson-
Odessa, 107.-3d, Taurida-Cossacks of the
Black Sea, 108-4th, Don Cossacks, 109.-5th,
Bessarabia-Ismael, 110.
CHAP. XI. WESTERN RUSSIA-1st, Wilna, 110-
Towns-2d, Grodno-3d, Bialystock-4th, Vitebsk-5th, Mohilev, 1116th, Minsk-
7th, Volkynia-8th, Podolia, 112.
Boundaries-Extent and Population, 122.
CHAP. I. HISTORY-Early History, 123.-Middle
History, 125.-Revolution, 126,
CHAP. 11. PHYSICAL FEATURES-SOIL-CLIMATE,
AND PRODUCTIONS, 130.- Seas-Lakes and
Rivers, 131.-Canals - Climate-Soil, and
Productions, 132.-Animals-Minerals, 133.
CHAP. III.
AGRICULTURE-COMMERCE-REVENUE
AND MONIES-Agriculture, 133.-Manufac.
tures and Commerce, 134-Revenues and
Monies-Weights and Measures, 135.
CHAP. IV. INHABITANTS-MANNERS AND CUSTOMS,
136.
CHAP. V. GOVERNMENT-LAWS-ARMY AND NAVY,
138.
CHAP. VI. ESTABLISHMENTS FOR EDUCATION AND
LITERATURE, 141.
CHAP. VII. TOPOGRAPHY OF DENMARK PROPER-
Zealand-Copenhagen, 144.-Bornholm-
Funen-Laaland-Aalborg-Wyborg, 146.—
Aarhaus-Ribe, 147.
CHAP. VIII. DUCHIES OF SLESWICK, HOLSTEIN, AND
LAUENBURG, 147.
CHAP. IX. THE FEROE ISLES, 150.
CHAP. X. ICELAND-Modern History, 153.-Phy-
sical Features-Bays, Lakes, and Rivers-
Volcanoes, 154-Hecla-Geysers, 155.-Hot
Springs-Climate, 156.-Aurora Borealis, 157.
-Animals-Plants-Minerals, 158.-Inhabi-
tants-Manners and Customs, 159.-Industry
-Fisheries, 160.-Education, 161.-Religion
-Government, 162.-Reykiavik, 163.-Holm
-Husavik, 164.
CHAP. I. HISTORY, 166.
CHAP. 11. Physical Features, 173.-Seas-Rivers,
175.-Lakes and Springs-Climate, 176.-Soil,
177.-Vegetable Kingdom, 178.-Animals-
Minerals, 179.
CHAP. III. Rural Industry-Iron Mines, Manu-
factures, &c. 180.-Copper Mine of Falun-
Commerce-States Bank, 181. Monies—
Measures, 182.
CHAP. IV. INHABITANTS-MANNERS AND CUSTOMS
-Swedes, 182.-Their Manners and Customs,
183.-Finns-Lapps, 185.
CHAP. VII. DIVISIONS-MIDDLE SWEDEN-Stock-
holm, 193.-Upsala, 195.-Westeras-Nyko-
ping-Oerebro-Carlstadt, 196.
CHAP. VIII. SOUTHERN sweden-Gothenburg, 196.
-Elfsberg-Skaraborg - Linkoping, 197-
Calmar-Oeland, 198.-Joenkoeping-Kron-
oberg-Karlscrona-Gothland, 199.-Halm-
stadt-Christianstadt-Malmoehus, 200.
CHAP. IX. NORTHERN SWEDEN-Falun, 200.-
Gefleborg, 201.-Jemptland-Western Nor-
land-Western and Northern Botten, 202.
HISTORY, 204.-Physical Features-
Mountains, 205.- Glaciers-Rivers, 206.--
Lakes-Seas-The North Cape, 207-Cli-
mate, 208-Vegetation Line, 209-Agricul-
ture-Forests-Rein-deer, 210.-Animals-
Minerals, 211.
CHAP, II. INHABITANTS-MANNERS AND CUSTOMS-
Norwegians-Laplanders, 212.-Finns, 213.-
Religion, 214.
CHAP. III. GOVERNMENT, &c. - Constitutional
Laws, 215.-Form of Government, 216.-
Ecclesiastical Establishment Literature,
217.-Education-Finances-Army-Navy-
Name-Extent and Boundaries, 223.-General
Divisions, 224.
CHAP. I. HISTORY-Ancient History, 226.-Migra-
tion of the Northern Nations, 230.-German
Nations, 231.-Merovingian Dynasty-Carlo-
vingian Dynasty, 232.-House of Saxony,
235.-The Crusades, 237-House of Hohen-
staufen, 238-House of Habsburg, 239.-The
Hanseatic League, 210.-Council of Con-
stance, 242.-The Reformation, 245.-Peace
of Munster, 254.-Rhinish Confederacy, 261.
CHAP. II. PHYSICAL FEATURES, &c.-Mountains,
203.-Forests, 264.-Seas and Rivers-The
Danube, 265.-The Rhine, 268.-The Ems,
Weser, Elbe, and Oder, 270-The Maine and
Adige-Canals-Lakes-Mineral Waters and
CHAP. III. SOIL, CLIMATE, &c.-Climate, 272.—
Vegetable Kingdom-Agriculture-Animal
Kingdom, 273.-Minerals, 274.-Manufac-
tures and Commerce, 275.-Monies, 276.
CHAP. IV. INHABITANTS. &c.-Germans, 276.-
Slavonians-Religion, 278.
CHAP. V. LANGUAGE, LITERATURE, AND FINE ARTS,
280.
CHAP. VI. CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT, 292.
CHAP. VII. German States of Austria, 295.-
Boundaries and Divisions-Arch-Duchy of
Austria-Physical Features of, 296.-Moun-
tains-Rivers, 297.-Lakes-Climate-Vege-
table and Animal Productions, 298.-Agri-
culture-Manufactures, 299.-Population-
Topographical Divisions-Vienna, 300.-The
Lower and Upper Wienerwald-Lower and
Upper Mantchartsberg, 303.
UPPER AUSTRIA-Agriculture and Manufactures
of-Topography of Muchlviertel - Haus-
ruckviertel-Traunviertel-Junviertel, and
Circle of Salybach, 304.
DUCHY OF STYRIA, 305.
KINGDOM OF ILLYRIA-Boundaries of, 306.-Phy-
sical Features-Rivers and Lakes-Climate,
307.-Industry and Mines-Inhabitants, 308.
TOPOGRAPHY-GOVERNMENT OF LAYBACH, Com-
prising the Circles of Laybach, Neustadt,
Adelsberg, Klagenfurt, and Villach, 309.
GOVERNMENT OF TRIESTE, Comprising the Cir.
cles of Goerz, Istria, Fiume, and Karlstadt,
309.
THE TYROL, 310.-History of, 311.-Physical Fea- tures, 313.-Rivers, 314.-Productions, 315. -Topography-Circles of Unter-Junthal, Ober-Iunthal, Pasterthal, Adige, Korevedo, and Vorarlberg, 316.
KINGDOM OF BOHEMIA-History of, 318.-Physical
Features-Rivers-Climate-Soil and Pro-
duce, 319.-Minerals, 320-Manufactures-
Inhabitants, 321.-Religion and Government
-Topography-City of Prague, 322.-Circles
of Kaurzim, Beraun, Rakonitz, Swabz, and
Leitmeritz, 323.-Circles of Bunzlau, Bids-
chow, Konigingratz, Chrudim, Czaslau, Ta-
bor, Budweis, Pilsen, and Ellnbogen, &c.
324.
MARGRAVIATE OF MORAVIA AND AUSTRIAN SILESIA,
324.-Physical Features of Population and
Government-Topography-Olmutz-Brunn -Troppan, &c. 325.
CHAP. VIII. PRUSSIAN STATES OF GERMANY-Pro-
vince of Brandenburg-History of, 326.-
Physical Features-Rivers and Canals, 327.-
Lakes Climate and Productions-Inhabi-
tants-Topography-District and City of
Berlin, 328.-District of Potsdam, 330.-Dis-
trict of Frankfort, 331.
PROVINCE OF POMERANIA-Physical Features- Climate and Productions, 331.-Population- Districts of Stettin, Stralsund, Island of Rugen, 332.-Koslin, 333.
PROVINCE OF SILESIA-History-Physical Fea-
tures, 333.-Rivers and Lakes, 334.-Climate
and Agriculture-Commerce-Inhabitants,
335.-Religion and State of Education, 336.—
Topography-District of Breslau, 337-Dis-
tricts of Oppeln, Reichenbach, and Leignitz,
338.
PROVINCE OF SAXONY, 338.-Physical Features
and Soil, 339.-Mountains-Rivers-Produc-
tions and Commerce-Inhabitants, 339.-To-
pography-Districts of Magdeburg, Merse-
burg, and Erfurt, 340.
PROVINCE OF WESTPHALIA, 341.
PROVINCE OF CLEVE-BERG, 242.-Physical Fea-
tures-Productions and Inhabitants, 343.-
Topography-Districts of Cleve, Duesseldorf,
Cologne, 344.
PROVINCE OF LOWER RHINE-Physical Features
and Productions, 345.-Inhabitants-Laws
and Commerce-Topography-Districts of
Coblentz and Aix-la-Chapelle, 346.-Treves,
317.
CHAP. IX. KINGDOM OF BAVARIA-History of, 348.
-Physical Features, 349.-Mountains-Riv-
ers and Lakes-Climate, Soil, and Produce,
350.- Minerals - Manufactures and Com-
merce-Inhabitants-Religion and Govern-
ment, 351.-Army, 352.-TOPOGRAPHY-Cir.
cle of the Iser-Munich, 355.-Lower Dan-
ube and Regen Circles-Ratisbon, 356.-Up-
per Mayne and Rezat Circles, 357.-Upper
Danube Circle- Augsburg, 358.- Under
Mayne and Rhine Circles, 359.
CHAP. X. KINGDOM OF SAXONY-History of, 360.
-Physical Features, 362.-Rivers-Soil and
Produce Manufactures and Commerce, 363.
Mines, 364.- Inhabitants-Literature and
Government, 365-Revenue and Army-
Topography-Circle of Meissen-Dresden,
366.-Circle of Leipzig, 367.-Circle of Erze-
gebirge, 369.-Circles of Voigtland and Lusa- tia, 370.
CHAP. XI. KINGDOM OF HANOVER-Boundaries- History, 371.-Physical Features, 374.-Kiv- ers and Lakes-Climate-Soil and Produce,
375.-Minerals, 376-Commerce and Manu-
factures-Inhabitants-Religion, 377.-Liter-
ature-University of Gottingen, 378.-Con-
stitution-Revenue, 379.-Military Force-
Topography-Principality of Kalenberg-
City of Hanover, 380.-Principality of Got-
tingen, 381.-Principalities of Grubenhagen
and Luneburg-County of Hoya and Dei-
pholz-Province of Bremen, 382.-Provinces
of Osnabruck, Hildesheim, and East Fries-
land, 383.-Provinces of Bentheim and Holm-
stein, 384.
CHAP. XII. KINGDOM OF WIRTEMBERG-Bound- aries and Extent-History, 384.-Physical
Features-Soil and Produce-Minerals, 386--
Manufactures-Inhabitants-Literature and
Government, 387.-Revenue and Military
Force-Topography, 358.—Circle of the
Neckar-Cities of Stuttgard, &c.-Circle of
the Black Forest, 389-Circles of the Danube
and Jaxt, 390.
CHAP. XIII. GRAND DUCHY OF BADEN-Boundaries and Extent History, 391.- Physical Fea- tures, &c. 392.-Inhabitants and Education, 393-Government, &c.-Topography-Cir-
cles of Murg, Kinzig, Treisam, Lake, Neckar,
Mayne, and Tauber, 394.
CHAP. XIV. THE ELECTORATE of hessen-Bound-
aries and Extent, 395.-History-Physical
Features and Productions, 396.-Inhabitants,
Government, &c.-Chief Towns, 397.
CHAP. XV. THE GRAND DUCHY OF HESSEN-DARM-
STADT-Boundaries and Extent-History-
Physical Features, 398.-Productions-Popu-
lation and Government-Civil Divisions and
Chief Cities, 399.
CHAP. XVI. THE DUCHIES OF HOLSTEIN AND LAUKS-
BURG, 400.
CHAP. XVII. THE GRAND DUCHY OF LUXEMBURG,
400.
CHAP. XVIII. THE GRAND DUCHY OF SACHSEN-WEI-
CHAP. XXXVII. PRINCIPALITY OF REUSS OF THE YOUNGER LINE, 415.
CHAP. XXXVIII. PRINCIPALITY OF LIPPE-DETMOLD, 416.
CHAP. XXXIX. PRINCIPALITY OF SCHAUENBURG-
LIPPE, 416.
CHAP. XL. PRINCIPALITY OF WALDECK, 416.
CHAP. XLI. THE LANDGRAVIATE OF HESSEN-HOM-
BURG, 417.
CHAP. XLII. Imperial and Hanseatic Towns, 417.
-Frankfort on the Mayne, 418.-Lubec, 419.
-Bremen, 420.-Hamburg, 421.
Boundaries and Extent-General Divisions, 424.
CHAP. I. Political Situation, 425.-Government,
428. Classes of Society-Administration,
429.-Finances-Military Force, 430.
CHAP. II. KINGDOM OF GALICIA-History-Bound-
aries and Extent, 432.-Physical Features-
Climate and Productions-Population, 433.-
Religion-Education and Government, 434.
-Provinces and Chief Towns, 435.
CHAP. IIL THE HUNGARIAN STATES-Boundaries
and Extent-Hungary-Kingdom of-Name
and Extent-History, 436.-Physical Fea-
tures-Mountains, 439.-Rivers, 440.-Can-
als, 441.-Lakes-Soil-Climate and Produc-
tions, 442.-Mines, 443.-Agriculture-Man-
ufactures and Commerce-Population, 444.-
Religion, 445.-Language and Literature,
446.-Orders of the State, 447.-Government,
448.-Revenue-Military Strength, 449.-
Civil Divisions and Chief Towns, 450.
PRINCIPALITY OF TRANSYLVANIA-Boundaries and
Extent, 451.-History, 452.-Physical Fea-
tures-Industry and Commerce-Mines, 455.
-Religion and Education-Government, 456.
-Topography, Embracing the Civil Divi-
sions and Chief Towns, 457.
THE MILITARY FRONTIERS-Boundaries and Ex- tent-Physical Features, 457.-Soil-Climate
and Productions-Population and Govern.
ment, 458.-Military Force and Revenue-
Topographical Description, 459.
KINGDOM OF DALMATIA-Boundaries and Extent -History, 460.-Physical Features-Moun- tains, 461.-Seas and Rivers, 462.-Climate- Agriculture and Productions, &c. 463-Po-
pulation-Government, 464-Topographical
Description, 465.
CHAP. IV. AUSTRIAN ITALIAN STATES, 468.
Name-Boundaries and Extent, 469.
CHAP. 1. History, 472.-1st Partition of Poland,
480.-2d Partition of Poland, 485.-3d Parti-
tion of Poland, 488.
CHAP. 11. Physical Features, 492.-Climate-
Lakes and Canals, 403-Agriculture, 494.-
Manufactures, 495.-Commerce and Monies,
CHAP. III. Inhabitants-Ecclesiastical Affairs, 497.
-Education, 498.-Government-Revenue,
499.-Military Force, 500.
CHAP. IV. TOPOGRAPHY-EASTERN PRUSSIA-Phy-
sical Features-Lakes and Forests, 501.-
Rivers Climate and Productions, 502.-In.
habitants-Army-Topographical Descrip-
tion-Konigsberg and Memel, 504-Gum-
binnen-Tilsit, 505.
WESTERN PRUSSIA-Boundaries and Extent-
Physical Features - Trade-Inhabitants-
Topography-District and City of Dantzic,
505.-Circle and Town of Marienwerder-
Marienburg-Elbing, and Thorn, 507.
THE PROVINCE OF POSEN-Boundaries and Ex-
tent-Physical Features and Climate, 507.-
Trade-Inhabitants - Topography - Posen
and Bromberg, 508.
GOVERNMENT of Trieste, Comprising the Cir.
cles of Goerz, Istria, Fiume, and Karlstadt,
309.
THE TYROL, 310.-History of, 311.-Physical Fea-
tures, 313.-Rivers, 314.-Productions, 315.
-Topography - Circles of Unter-Junthal,
Ober-Iunthal, Pasterthal, Adige, Korevedo,
and Vorarlberg, 316.
KINGDOM OF BOHEMIA-History of, 318.-Physical
Features-Rivers-Climate-Soil and Pro-
duce, 319.-Minerals, 320-Manufactures-
Inhabitants, 321.-Religion and Government
-Topography-City of Prague, 322.-Circles
of Kaurzim, Beraun, Rakonitz, Swabz, and
Leitmeritz, 323.-Circles of Bunzlau, Bids-
chow, Konigingratz, Chrudim, Czaslau, Ta-
bor, Budweis, Pilsen, and Ellnbogen, &c.
MARGRAVIATE OF MORAVIA AND AUSTRIAN SILESIA,
324.-Physical Features of Population and
Government-Topography-Olmutz-Brunn
-Troppan, &c. 325.
CHAP. VIII. PRUSSIAN STATES OF GERMANY-Pro-
vince of Brandenburg-History of, 326.-
Physical Features-Rivers and Canals, 327.-
Lakes Climate and Productions-Inhabi-
tants-Topography-District and City of
Berlin, 328.-District of Potsdam, 330.-Dis-
trict of Frankfort, 331.
PROVINCE OF POMERANIA-Physical Features-
Climate and Productions, 331.-Population-
Districts of Stettin, Stralsund, Island of
Rugen, 332.-Koslin, 333.
PROVINCE OF SILESIA-History-Physical Fea-
tures, 333.-Rivers and Lakes, 334.-Climate
and Agriculture-Commerce-Inhabitants,
335.-Religion and State of Education, 336.—
Topography-District of Breslau, 337-Dis-
tricts of Oppeln, Reichenbach, and Leignitz,
338.
PROVINCE OF SAXONY, 338.-Physical Features
and Soil, 339.-Mountains-Rivers-Produc-
tions and Commerce-Inhabitants, 339.-To-
pography-Districts of Magdeburg, Merse-
burg, and Erfurt, 340.
PROVINCE OF WESTPHALIA, 341.
PROVINCE OF CLEVE-BERG, 242.-Physical Fea-
tures-Productions and Inhabitants, 343.-
Topography-Districts of Cleve, Duesseldorf,
Cologne, 344.
PROVINCE OF LOWER RHINE-Physical Features and Productions, 345.-Inhabitants-Laws and Commerce-Topography-Districts of Coblentz and Aix-la-Chapelle, 346.-Treves, 317.
CHAP. IX. KINGDOM OF BAVARIA-History of, 348.
-Physical Features, 349.-Mountains-Riv-
ers and Lakes-Climate, Soil, and Produce,
350.- Minerals - Manufactures and Com-
merce-Inhabitants-Religion and Govern-
ment, 351.-Army, 352.-TOPOGRAPHY-Cir-
cle of the Iser-Munich, 355.-Lower Dan-
ube and Regen Circles-Ratisbon, 356.-Up-
per Mayne and Rezat Circles, 357.-Upper
Danube Circle- Augsburg, 358.- Under
Mayne and Rhine Circles, 359.
CHAP. X. KINGDOM OF SAXONY-History of, 360.
-Physical Features, 362.-Rivers-Soil and
Produce Manufactures and Commerce, 363.
Mines, 364. Inhabitants-Literature and
Government, 365-Revenue and Army-
Topography-Circle of Meissen-Dresden,
366.-Circle of Leipzig, 367.-Circle of Erze-
gebirge, 369.-Circles of Voigtland and Lusa-
tia, 370.
CHAP. XI. KINGDOM OF HANOVER-Boundaries-
History, 371.-Physical Features, 374-Kiv-
ers and Lakes-Climate-Soil and Produce,
375.-Minerals, 376-Commerce and Manu-
factures-Inhabitants-Religion, 377.--Liter-
ature-University of Gottingen, 378.-Can-
stitution-Revenue, 379.-Military Force-
Topography-Principality of Kalenberg-
City of Hanover, 380.-Principality of Got
tingen, 381.-Principalities of Grubenhagen
and Luneburg-County of Hoya and Dei-
pholz-Province of Bremen, 382.-Provinces
of Osnabruck, Hildesheim, and East Fries.
land, 383.-Provinces of Bentheim and Holm.
stein, 384.
CHAP. XII. KINGDOM OF WIRTEMBERG-Bound-
aries and Extent-History, 384.-Physical
Features-Soil and Produce-Minerals, 386-
Manufactures-Inhabitants-Literature and
Government, 387.-Revenue and Military
Force-Topography, 368.-Circle of the
Neckar-Cities of Stuttgard, &c.-Circle of
the Black Forest, 389-Circles of the Danube
and Jaxt, 390.
CHAP. XIII. GRAND DUCHY OF BADEN-Boundaries
and Extent-History, 391.- Physical Fea-
tures, &c. 392.-Inhabitants and Education,
393-Government, &c.-Topography-Cir.
cles of Murg, Kinzig, Treisam, Lake, Neckar,
Mayne, and Tauber, 394.
CHAP. XIV. The electoraTE OF HESSEN-Bound-
aries and Extent, 395.-History-Physical
Features and Productions, 396.-Inhabitants,
Government, &c.-Chief Towns, 397.
CHAP. XV. THE GRAND DUCHY OF HESSEN-DARM-
STADT-Boundaries and Extent-History-
Physical Features, 398.-Productions-Popu-
lation and Government-Civil Divisions and
Chief Cities, 399.
CHAP. XVI. THE DUCHIES OF HOLSTEIN AND LAURY-
BURG, 400.
CHAP. XVII. THE GRAND DUCHY OF LUXEMBURG,
400.
CHAP. XVIII. THE GRAND DUCHY OF SACHSEN-WEI-
MAR, 400.
CHAP. XIX. THE DUCHY OF SACHSEN-GOTHA, 402.
CHAP. XX. THE DUCHY OF SACHSEN-MEININGEN
403.
CHAP. XXI. THE DUCHY OF SACHSEN-HILDBURG-
HAUSEN, 403.
CHAP. XXII. DUCHY OF SACHSEN-COBURG-SAAL-
FELD, 403.
CHAP. XXIII. DUCHY OF BRUNSWICK, 404.
CHAP. XXIV. THE GRAND DUCHY OF MECKLENBURG-
SCHWERIN, 405.
CHAP. XXV.
GRAND
STRELITZ, 407.
CHAP. XXVI. GRAND DUCHY OF HOLSTEIN OLDEN-
BURG, 408.
DUCHY OF MECKLENBURG.
CHAP. XXVII. DUCHY OF NASSAU, 409.
CHAP. XXVIII. DUCHY OF ANHALT-DESSAU, 411.
CHAP. XXIX, DUCHY OF ANHALT-BERNBURG, 412.
CHAP. XXX. DUCHY OF ANHALT-KOTHEN, 412.
CHAP. ΧΧΧΙ. PRINCIPALITY OF SCHWARZBURG.
SONDERSHAUSEN, 413.
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