Eadgyth, daughter of Eadward the
Elder and wife of Otto the Great,
i. 224, 440.

Eadgyth, Saint, daughter of Eadgar,
alleged attempt to raise her to the
throne, i. 265; story of Cnut's opinion
as to her sanctity, 434.
Eadgyth, daughter of Ethelred, marries
Eadric, i. 331; remarried to Thurkill
and banished, i. 425, 655.
Eadgyth, daughter of Earl Godwine,

married to King Eadward, ii. 45; her
appearance and character, ib.; sus-
picions of her loyalty to England,
46; her relations to her husband,
46, 47, 78, 526-531; separated from
the King and sent to the Abbey of
Wherwell, 153; her restoration, 336;
her alleged share in the murder of
Gospatric, 478; consecration of her
church at Wilton, 509.
Eadgyth, sister of Earl Odda, ii. 565.
Eadgyth Swanneshals, Harold's con-
nexion with, ii. 43.

Eadgyth, daughter of Malcolm, changes
her name to Matilda, i. 304.
Eadmer, on the sacrilege of Godwine, ii.

546; on the death of Godwine, 637.
Eadmund, King of the East Angles,

his death, i. 45; Swegen's hatred
towards his memory, 363; Cnut's
special reverence for him, 435.
Eadmund the Magnificent, his presence

at Brunanburh, i. 60; his reign, 61;
he recovers the Five Boroughs, ib.;
grants Strathclyde or Cumberland to
Malcolm, 62, 124, 125, 571; inter-
feres on behalf of Lewis, 219; his
death, ib.; his tomb at Glastonbury,
396; said to have blinded the sons of
Donald, 571.
Eadmund Ironside, son of Æthelred, his
exploits, i. 260; his birth, 266; pro-
bably the third son of Æthelred, 369,
670; marries Ealdgyth, 372; occu-
pies the Five Boroughs, ib.; legend
of his imprisonment of Cnut and Olaf,
373; levies an army in the North,
374; his plans hindered by Eadric,
ib.; his vain attempts to keep an
army together, 375; joins Uhtred
and ravages part of Mercia, 375, 376,
378; joins his father in London, 377;
elected and crowned King, 379, 672,
673; his short and glorious reign,
379, 380; his surname of Ironside,
381; recovers Wessex, 381, 678;
defeats Cnut at Pen Selwood, 382,
383; fights a drawn battle at Sher-
stone, 383, 384, 679, 680; his personal

707

exploits, 384; reconciled to Eadric,
385; delivers London and wins the
battle of Brentford, ib.; his victory
at Otford rendered useless by Eadric,
386; gathers a fifth army and fights
the battle of Assandun, 387-392;
his charge at Assandun, 389, 682;
makes ready for a seventh battle,
392; meets Cnut at Olney and
divides the Kingdom, 393-4; legend
of his single combat with Cnut,
393, 688-690; retains the Im-
perial supremacy, 394, 690-691; his
death probably natural, 395; various
accounts of, 694-698; suspicions
against Eadric and Cnut, 395, 396,
694-698; his burial at Glastonbury,
396, 397; his single charter, 397;
his arrangements as to his brothers
and children, 402, 692-693; mistaken
for a son of Emma, 673; probably
chosen over the head of his elder
brother, 675; story of his supposed
death at Sherstone, 679-680; Thiet-
mar's account of his wars and death,
682-684; account of the Encomiast,
684-686; Scandinavian versions, 686-
688; analogies as to the story of his
death, 698; his sons, ii. 368.
Eadmund, son of Eadmund Ironside,
his early death in Hungary, ii. 368.
Eadmund, Bishop of Durham, legend
of his appointinent, i. 502, 503; his
death, 522.
Eadmund's Bury (Saint), Cnut rebuilds
the church and substitutes monks
for canons, i. 435.
Eadnoth, Bishop of Dorchester, buries
Elfheah, i. 352; killed at Assan-
dun, 391; his burial at Ely, 392.
Eadred, King, reign of, i. 61; his cha-
racter, 62; constitutional aspect of
his election, 107; reference to his
will, 275; his relations with Scot-
land, 574

Eadred, Bishop of Durham, purchases
the see from Harthacnut, i. 522;
offence of the monks at his appoint-
inent, 523; his death, ib.
Eadric, son of Ethelric, his rise and
character, i. 323, 324, 413; becomes
the favourite of Ethelred, 324; mur-
ders Ælfhelm, 325; examination of
the story, ib.; becomes Ealdorman of
the Mercians, 331, 645; marries Ead-
gyth, daughter of Ethelred, 331,
645. 671; character of his treasons,
331; advancement of his brothers,
341; dissuades Ethelred from fight-
ing, 343; ravages Saint David's, 348,

349 presides in a Gemót in Lon-
don, 351; takes Emma to Normandy,
360; murders Sigeferth and Morkere,
371; joins Cnut, 374; ravages War-
wickshire, 375; fights against Ead-
mund at Sherstone, 383; pretends
to have killed him, 384, 679; joins
Eadmund, 385; hinders Eadmund's
progress in Kent, 386, 680; his trea-
son at Assandun, 389, 682; suspected
of the murder of Eadmund, 395, 695-
698; confirmed in his Earldom by
Cnut, 405; his title, ib.; put to
death by Cnut, 412, 413; discussion
of the credibility of his treasons,
413-415, 640; accounts of him in
various writers, 640, 641; his sur-
name of Streona, 641; his parentage,
642; his probable connexion with
Archbishop Oswald, ib.; his signa-
tures, 642, 643; his relations to
Wulfgeat, 643; his legendary share
in the siege of Canterbury, 660; his
conduct at Sherstone, 679; his al-
leged share in the death of Eadwig,
699-700; question of his kindred to
Godwine, 701-704; various legends
of his death, 720-722.
Eadric, first Abbot of Gloucester, ii.
435; his alienations, 563 667.
Eadsige, Archbishop, his exhortation at
the coronation of Eadward, ii. 14;
his sickness, and appointment of
Siward as coadjutor, 67; again as-
sumes the administration of the Arch-
bishoprick, 68, 112; his death, 117.
Eadward the Elder, his accession, i.

55; importance of his reign, 56; ex-
tends his Kingdom to the Humber
and his supremacy over all Britain,
57, 58, 567; English superiority over
Scotland dates from him, 117; his
fortifications at Towcester, 308; his
relations to the Scots, 570.
Eadward the Martyr, son of Eadgar, i.
66; his election and murder, 260-265;
the keeping of his day ordered, 310,
311, 334, 431; notices of his minority
in the Chronicles, 625; alleged
grounds of opposition to him, 626;
Wulfstan's tale of the burning of his
body, 668.
Eadward the Confessor, son of Æthelred,
constitutional aspect of his election, i.
106, 107; his birth, 304; sent over to
Normandy, 359; his supposed laws,
417; his restoration attempted by
Duke Robert of Normandy, 466-472;
his alleged invasion of England,
485, 486; his return to Normandy,

486; recalled from Normandy by
Harthacnut, 518; chosen King on
the death of Harthacnut, 525; strug-
gle between Normans and English-
men begins with his accession, ii.
4; his position, 5; his popular elec-
tion, ib.; probable causes of the
delay of his coronation, 6; negotia-
tions between him and Godwine, 7;
he accepts the Crown, 8; returns to
England, ib.; opposition to his elec-
tion in the interest of Swegen Estrith-
son, 9,519; his claims urged by God-
wine, 9; alleged negotiations between
him and Swegen, 9, 10; elected at
Gillingham, 9-11; different state-
ments of his right to the Crown, 12;
union of elective and hereditary right,
13; Eadward not next in succession
according to modern notions, 13; he
is crowned by Archbishop Eadsige at
Winchester, 14, 519; his relations to-
wards Godwine, 15, 30, 31; towards
the three great Earls, ib.; foreign
ambassadors at his coronation, 16, 17;
his foreign connexions, 16, 29; his
gifts to the French princes, 19; his
character, 20, 23-27; nature of his
claims to sanctity, 21, 522; his me
mory acceptable both to Englishmen
and to Normans, 22; his love of
hunting, 25, 474; his personal ap-
pearance and habits, 27; his favourites
and fondness for foreigners, 28, 29;
marries Eadgyth, daughter of Earl
Godwine, 45, 78; his alleged chastity,
46, 526-531; his friendly relations
with foreign powers, 57; compara-
tively peaceful character of his reign,
ib.; relations between him and his
mother, 59; appoints French Pre-
lates to English sees, 65, 69; his
answer to Magnus of Norway when
claiming the English Crown, 73; en-
thrones Bishop Leofric at Exeter,
84; his vow of a pilgrimage to Rome,
114; sends the Bishops to obtain a dis-
pensation, ib.; rejects Elfric, the elect
of Canterbury, and appoints Robert
of Jumièges, 118; foreign influence
at its height in his Court, 124-128,
140; men of Dover accused to him
by Count Eustace, 131; commands
Godwine to inflict military chastise-
ment on Dover, 132; is excited
against Godwine by Archbishop Ro-
bert, 136; summons the Witan to
Gloucester to hear the charges against
Godwine, ib.; refuses Godwine's offers,
140; war against him threatened by

Godwine, 141; sends to hasten the
coming of Siward, Leofric, and
Ralph, ib.; finally refuses Godwine's
demands for the surrender of the
Frenchmen, 142; summons the Ge-
mót to London, 145; appears at the
head of an army, ib.; his demands
of Godwine, and outlawry of Swegen,
ib.; summons Godwine and Harold
to appear, 146, 147; refuses their
demand for a safe-conduct, 147; de-
clares them outlaws, 148; separated
from his wife, 153; receives the visit
of William of Normandy, 160, 293;
probably promises him the Crown,
293, 296-300, 421; his preparations
against Godwine, 308; rejects God-
wine's petition for his return, 310,
311; hastens to London with an
army, 322; lukewarmness of his
troops, 325; hesitates at God-
wine's demand for restoration, 326;
personal reconciliation between him
and Godwine, 335; position of the
Normans in his later days, 358-
360; English character of his later
policy, ib.; receives the submission
of Gruffydd of Wales, 399; embassy
to the Pope about his restored
monastery at Westminster, 453; his
message to the rebellious North-
humbrians, 487; his eagerness for
war, 490; his last sickness, 497; his
foundation at Westminster, ib.; his
devotion to Saint Peter, 498; re-
verse order of proceeding at his found-
ation of Westminster and Harold's
at Waltham, 499; permanence of his
minster and palace, 502; his church
rebuilt in the thirteenth century,
503; legends concerning him, 506,
521-531; his death; summary of his
reign, 511, 512; question as to his
double coronation, 518, 519; cures
scrofula by the royal touch, 523; his
fondness for foreign churchmen, 532;
instance of his dealing with Church
lands, 550.

Eadward the Etheling, son of Ead-
mund Ironside, finds shelter with
King Stephen of Hungary, i. 410;
marries Agatha, niece of Henry the
Second, ii. 368, 650; his children, ib.;
is invited to England by the King
and his Witan, 369, 647; the invita-
tion equivalent to acknowledgment
of his succession, ib.; embassy to
the Emperor Henry regarding him,
371; reaches England, 408; never
sees the King, 410; his death, ib.;

709

surmise of Sir F. Palgrave as to his
death, 412, 413; his prospects of the
Crown, 422.

Eadwig, son of Eadmund the Magnifi-

cent, reigns in Wessex, and as over-
lord of Mercia, i. 62; obscure cha-
racter of his reign, 63, 595; his re-
lations towards Dunstan, 63; his un-
canonical marriage, ib.; his death,
ib.; his titles, 549, 550; character
of his rejection in Mercia, 595.
Eadwig, son of Ethelred, death of, i.
403, did not die by any judicial
sentence, 411.
Eadwig, King of the Churls, outlawed,
i. 403, 699.
Eadwine of Northumberland, his posi-
tion as Bretwalda and conversion, i.
29; extent of his power, 35, 5+7; his
use of the tufa, 546; extent of his
dominion, 547.

Eadwine, son of Leofwine, killed at
Rhyd-y-Groes, i. 502; charge of sa-
crilege against, ii. 550.
Eadwine, son of Earl Ælfgar, succeeds
as Earl of the Mercians, ii. 465; his
treasons, 481, 482; his policy of
dividing the Kingdom, 482; joins
Morkere at Northampton, 485; ex-
tent of his Earldom, 561; single writ
addressed to him, ib.

Eadwulf Cutel, succeeds Uhtred in the
Northumbrian Earldom, i. 377, 520;
defeated by the Scots at Carham,
444; his alleged cession of Lothian
to Malcolm, 444, 578; his death,
520.

Eadwulf, son of Uhtred, succeeds his
brother Ealdred in Bernicia, i. 521;
his campaign against the Britons of
Strathclyde, 522; killed by Siward
by the connivance of Harthacnut,
ib.
Ealdgyth, widow of Sigeferth, impri-
soned by Ethelred, i. 371; marries
Eadmund Ironside, 372.
Ealdgyth, wife of Morkere, i. 372.
Ealdgyth, daughter of Elfgar, marries
Gruffydd, ii. 416, 659, 660.
Ealdhun, Bishop of Cunegaceaster, re-
moves his see to Durham, i. 290-
292; founds the town, 291; gives his
daughter in marriage to Uhtred, 326;
his grants to his son-in-law, 327; his
sickness and death, 444; his church
at Durham, ib.

Ealdor, use of the word and its com-
pounds, i. 582.

Ealdorman, force and history of the
name, i. 73, 74; distinguished from

King, 74, 579; return from King-
ship to Ealdormanship, 75, 580; po-
sition of, in the shires, 98; mode of
appointing, 126; the name supplanted
by Eorl, 405, 582, 646; name re-
tained in documents under Cnut,
405, 432; early notices of, 579, 580;
change from Ealdormen to Kings,
580; the same office as Heretoga,
581; analogous words in other lan-
guages, 582; birth how far needed
by, 583.

Ealdred, lord of Bamborough, submits
to Æthelstan, i. 59.

Ealdred, Abbot of Tavistock, succeeds
Lyfing in the Bishoprick of Wor-
cester, ii. 85; his character, 86; pro-
bably reconciled Eadward and Gruf-
fydd, 87; procures the restoration of
Earl Swegen, 106, 113; his Welsh
campaign and defeat, 109, 110, 595;
his mission to Rome, 113-117; sent
to overtake Harold and Leofwine on
their flight to Ireland, 152; holds
and resigns the Abbey of Winch-
combe, 361; his mission to the Em-
peror Henry, 371, 647-652; his
long stay at Köln, 373; holds the
Bishoprick of Hereford with that of
Worcester, 398; his co-operation with
Harold and Leofric, 400; holds
the see of Wiltshire during the
absence of Hermann, 406; rebuilds
and consecrates the Abbey of Glou-
cester, 436, 667-669; makes the pil-
grimage to Jerusalem, ib.; succeeds
Archbishop Cynesige at York, 445;
his embassy to Rome, 453; refused
the pallium by Pope Nicolas, and
deprived of his see, 454; Earl
Tostig's efforts on his behalf, 455,
456; is invested with the pallium,
on condition of his resigning the see
of Worcester, 456; his dealings with
Church property, 552, 668; deeds of,
in Worcestershire, 563.
Ealdred, son of Uhtred, Earl of Ber-
nicia, i. 520; puts Thurbrand to death,
ib.; murdered by Carl, 521.
Ealhred, King of the Northumbrians,
his deposition, i. 593.

Ealhstan, Bishop of Dorsetshire, his
warlike exploits, i. 391.
Ealhwine (Alcuin), how described by
Eginhard, i. 530.

Eardwulf of Northumberland, restored
by Charles the Great, i. 38, 560.
Earl. See Eorl.

Earldomis, nature of, as affected by the
Danish conquest, ii. 50; view of the

succession of the Earls, 353, 556;
modes of appointment, 377; redistri
bution of the Earldoms, 416; their
position under Eadward (the Con-
fessor), 555; their fluctuations, 556;
policy of isolated shires, ib.
Earle, Mr., his Parallel Chronicles, i.
258; his theory of the Tower of
London, 279.; his nomenclature of
the Chronicles, 399; on the assess-
ment of 1008, 647; on the alleged
single combat between Cnut and Ead-
mund, 686.
East-Angles, East-Anglia, origin of
the Kingdom, i. 25, 580; conquered
by the Danes, 45; recovered by Ead-
ward the Elder, 56; action of the
local Gemót, 103, 321; defeat the
Danes at sea, 278; Bishoprick of,
at Elmham, 320; removed to Thet-
ford and Norwich, ib.; invaded by
Thurkill, 344, 345; all East-Anglis
counted as one shire, 347; Ealdor
men of, 622; position of, at the death
of Godwine, ii. 354; gap in the suc-
cession of Earls, 556, 557; varying
boundaries under the sons of God-
wine, 566, 567.
Eastern Empire, final loss of its Italian
possessions, i. 462.

Ebrulf, or Evroul, founder of the
monastery of Saint Evroul, his story,
ii. 226.
Ecgberht, King of the West-Saxons, i
38; his titles, 39, 140; compared
with Charles the Great, ib.; brings
the other English Kingdoms into sub-
mission, 39, 41; his successes against
the Welsh, 41; his Bretwaldadom,
41, 544; extent of his dominions,
42; his wars with the Danes and
Welsh, 42, 43; influence of Charles
the Great on his career, 139, 140;
his use of the word Ducatus, 544;
difference of his position from earlier
Bretwaldas, 547.

Eckhert, Archbishop of Trier, recon-
ciles Ethelred and Richard the Fear-
less, i. 631.

Edinburgh, origin of, i. 35, 574; ac-
quired by Indulf of Scotland, 573,
574.

Edom, Dukes of, equivalent to English
Ealdormen, i. 581.

Edward the First, effects of his reign, i.
6; compared with Elfred, 50; with
Eadward the Elder, 52; nature of his
claims over Scotland, 121, 127; com
parison of his dealings with Scotland
and Wales, 130; reproduces the old

Bretwaldas, 143; his dealings with
Roger Bigod, 320; his relations to
Scotland and France, 570.
Edward the Second, deposed by Parlia
ment, i. 105; his character compared
with that of Ethelred, 298.
Edward the Third, his challenge to the
Scots compared with that of Briht-
noth at Maldon, i. 271.
Edward the Fourth, his election, i.
592.

Eginhard, his way of speaking of Eng-
lishmen, i. 530; his account of the
English Conquest, 559; of the Ar-
morican migration, ib.; of Charles
the Great's dealings with Northum-
berland and Scotland, 559, 560; his
use of geographical names, 602.
Eglaf, son of Rognvald, his presence at
the Helga, i. 742.

Eglaf, Earl, his share in Thurkill's in-
vasion, i. 342; plunders Saint David's,
443; question of his identity, ib.; his
signatures, ib.; holds the Earldom of
the Hwiccas, ii. 563.
Egypt, twelve Kings of, i. 581.
Eider, the boundary of the Carolingian
empire, i. 747.

Ekkehard's story of the war of Otto
against Cnut, i. 742.

Election of Kings, right of, vested in
the Witan, i. 106, 596; popular con-
ceptions on the subject, ib.; rules
by which the choice was guided, 106–
108; analogy of other Teutonic States,
106; example in France, 196; union
of election and hereditary right,
597, 616.

Elizabeth, Queen, her Imperial style,
i. 144, 556.

Ellandun, battle of, i. 40, 42.
Elmham, see of the East-Anglian
Bishoprick, i. 320.

Ely, Abbey of, founded by Saint Æthel-
thryth, i. 273; restored by Bishop
Ethelwold; burial of Brihtnoth at,
274; gifts of Ethelflæd to, ib.;
peculiar franchises of its Bishops in
later times, 291, 391; legend of the
loss of its relics at Assandun, 392;
Cnut's visits to, 437, 438; probable
arrangements of the church, 487;
Ælfred the Ætheling buried at, 489;
claims of Ethelwine against, 622, ii.
549.

Emma, daughter of Hugh the Great,
marries Richard the Fearless, i. 231;
dies childless, 252.
Emma, daughter of Richard and Gun-
nor, her birth, i. 252; married to

711

Ethelred, 301, 302; results of the
marriage, 301, 302, 312; changes her
name to Elfgifu, 303, 304; her
children, 304; her dowry, ib.; her
signatures, 304, 312; her rela-
tions to her husband, 305; question
of her return Normandy, ib.;
Exeter her morning-gift, 315; takes
refuge in Normandy, 359; her
marriage with Cnut, and return
to England, 407, 715, 716; motives
for the marriage, 407, 409; her
neglect of her children by Ethelred,
409, 716; her gifts to foreign
churches, 438; despoiled by Harold
the First, 478; invested with the
regency of Wessex, 484; her alleged
letter to her sons, 487; banished
by Harold the First, 499; retires
to Flanders, ib.; returns to Eng-
land with Harthacnut, 506; rela-
tions between her and her son Ead-
ward, ii. 59; charges against her,
ib.; her probable offence, 60, 62;
debate on her conduct in the Witan,
61; despoiled of her treasures, 62;
her death, 303; buried in Winchester
Cathedral, ib.; charged with a share
in her son's death, 494; legend of
the ploughshares, 569.
Emme, Encomium, character of the
work, i. 259; on the alleged irre-
ligion of Harold, 500; on the burial
of Swegen, 666; on the battle of
Assandun, 681; on the war of Cnut
and Eadmund, 684; on the death of
Eadmund Ironside, 694; on the mar-
riage of Cnut and Emma, 715, 716;
on the death of Eadric, 721; on
Cnut's pilgrimage to Rome, 729; on
Æthelnoth's refusal to crown Harold,
755; on the death of the Ætheling
Alfred, 759, 761.
Emperor, Emperors, provincial, their
true position, i. 132, 137; no succes-
sion derived from them to the Eng-
lish Kings, 133, 139; Eastern Em-
perors called Basileus, 135; modern
misuse of the title, 137; applied to
Henry the Eighth, 555; in what
sense applied to Edward the First,
570, 571.

Empire, English, force of the title, i.
61; statement of the question, 117,
132, 133; origin of the Imperial titles
borne by the English Kings, ib.;
special force of those titles, 134, 135;
first borne by Athelstan, 140, 142,
547; Imperial position of the English
Kings, 141; the titles die out after