Colsale, John de-(Kellington). Mr. Walters gives me a list of seventeen bells by this founder in the midland counties, and thinks, from their distribution, that Leicester was probably the situation of the foundry.

Cuerdon, William. This founder used mark 23. He was buried at Doncaster in 1678. (See note on Abraham Smith.)

Dalton, George-(Airmyn, Aldborough, Aldfield, Batley, Beeston, Bilbrough, Brayton, Bolton Percy, Burnsall, Cowthorpe, Harewood, Healaugh, Heptonstall, Horton-in-Ribblesdale, Lotherton, Newton Kyme, Whixley).

Dalton, C. & R.-(Tadcaster).

Danyell (marks 59, 62, and 64).

Dobson, William-(Birstal, Dewsbury, Elland, Liversedge).
Fourness, Thomas-(Halifax).

Harrison, James-(Castleford, Cumberworth, Drax, Firbeck, Kirkburton, Methley, Tickhill). An interesting account of the Harrisons, who had foundries at Barton and Barrow, on the Lincolnshire side of the Humber, will be found in Mr. North's Church Bells of Lincolnshire, p. 60. It appears that Henry Harrison (i), who was a native of Foulby (par. Wragby), went to Barrow as a carpenter and parish clerk in 1697. He had a son, James (i) (1697-1766), who was a bellfounder, and also a much more distinguished son, John, the inventor of the chronometer. James (i) had two sons, Henry, born in 1732, and James (ii), born in 1738. Henry (ii) had five sons, John (1763-84), Henry (iii), Francis, William, and James (iii). The last named died in 1835. The Barrow foundry was at work at least as early as 1753, under James (i). His son, Henry (ii), was in business with him in 1764. Henry (ii) opened a foundry at Barton in 1770. William Harrison left Barton, and died in Liverpool, but bells cast by him are to be found (e.g. Burgh, Lincolnshire, 1820). James (iii) was at work at Barrow in 1788, but developed the Barton foundry, and worked there 1789-1833. After his death, in 1835, the foundry was sold and discontinued. The Harrisons did a large amount of bellhanging as apart from their foundry business. James (i) did work of the kind at Barnsley in 1737, and at Darfield and Wath-on-Dearne in 1741.

Heathcote, Ralph-(marks 10, 13, 24, 26, and 28).

Heathcote, George-(Ripon Cathedral-marks 27 and 33). Mr. North (Church Bells of Lincolnshire, p. 82) says the original Ralph Heathcote was a brazier. Ralph (ii) was a bellfounder, and died in 1525; George Heathcote, son of Ralph (i), was also a founder, and died in 1558. Some other founder, possibly a George (iii), must,

however, have used Heathcote's stamps after his death, as we have at Badsworth a bell, dated 1582, bearing the G H mark 27; and at Thrybergh a bell, dated 1609, bearing mark 27 and the the (3), which with the (10) seems to have been used by Ralph (see Silkstone) as well as by George. At Owston is a bell with GR (29), together with marks 3 and 10. The mark 29 may originally have been used by Giles Rew, a Kent founder (1584-92), but afterwards acquired by George Heathcote (iii).

Hedderley, Daniel-(Bawtry, Doncaster, Edlington, Skelbrooke, South Kirkby, Sheffield S. Peter, Tankersley).

Hedderley, John-(Thornhill).

Hilton, Thomas-(Aston, Bradfield, Conisborough, Cumberworth, Darfield, Doncaster, Emley, Ravenfield, Rotherham, South Kirkby, Swinton, Thornhill, Thurnscoe, Wickersley, Wombwell, Worsborough). Houlden, W. & T.-(Wortley, near Sheffield).

Jordan, Henry-(marks 75 and 76).

Lester & Pack—(Addingham, Barnsley, Darton, Fewston, Harewood, Leathley, Long Preston, Ripon Cathedral, Skipton, Thorntonin-Craven). (See note under Chapman.)

Lester, Pack & Chapman-(Darton, Keighley, Waddington).
Llewellyn & James-(East Ardsley).

Ludlam,' Joseph-(Ackworth, Felkirk, Hoyland Nether, Penistone, Ravenfield).

Ludlam (Jos.) & Walker (A.)—(Darfield, Ecclesfield, Throapham). Mallaby, Thomas The principal business of this firm is Mallaby, Thomas, & Sons. bell-hanging, of which they have done a large amount of work in the Riding. They also supply bells, but do not, I think, cast them themselves.

Mears, C. & G.-(Batley, Guiseley, Halifax, Hampsthwaite, Haworth, Headingley, Hook, Kirkburton, Swinton, Thornhill, Rawmarsh).

Mears, George-(Calverley, Carleton-in-Craven, Marton-in-Craven, Nun Monkton, Sheffield S. Peter).

Mears, G. & Co.-(Whixley).

Mears, Thomas (i)-(Aldborough, Garforth, Headingley, Heptonstall, Horbury, Kirk Fenton, Kirkheaton, Saddleworth, Sheffield S. Peter, Wakefield S. John, Whitkirk).

Mears, Thomas (ii)—(Adel, Attercliffe, Arncliffe, Barwick-in-Elmet, Bingley, Bishopthorpe, Cross Stone, Doncaster, Ecclesall, Gisburn, Haddlesey, Handsworth, Harrogate Christ Church, Holmfirth, High

1 This man had a foundry near the Grammar School in Rotherham.

Hoyland, Huddersfield, Kirkheaton, Leeds S. Peter, Leeds S. John, Mitton, Rotherham, Sandal Magna, Selby, Sheffield S. Peter, Slaidburn, Tong, Treeton, Wakefield Cathedral, Wighill).

Mears, Thomas, & Son-(Ecclesfield, Headingley, Kirkheaton, Leeds S. Peter).

Mears, William-(Dent, Holmfirth, Wragby).

Mears, W. & T.-(Halifax).

Mears & Stainbank-(Aberford, Almondbury, Bingley, Boroughbridge, Giggleswick, Hazlewood, Kettlewell, Kirkburton, Letwell, Lightcliffe, Nidd, Rawmarsh, Saddleworth, Wakefield Cathedral, Woolley).

Mellour, Richard. He was Mayor of Nottingham in 1506. Some of the bells bearing the mark 18 may be his, as he is said to have used this mark. Most of them, however, are by the Oldfields, who succeeded Mellour at the Nottingham foundry. (See also note in index as to mark 50.)

Naylor, Vickers & Co.-(East Hardwick, Ingleton, Rawcliffe, Sowerby Bridge, Staveley). The bells this firm cast were made from steel.

Oldfield, Henry. Mr. North (Church Bells of Lincolnshire, p. 102) says Richard Mellour had a son, Robert, who succeeded him at the Nottingham foundry. Robert died about 1526, leaving a daughter, who married Humphrey Quarnbie. Their son Robert succeeded to the foundry, and took Henry Oldfield (ii) into partnership shortly before 1593. This Henry Oldfield was the son of Henry Oldfield (i), who was carrying on a bellfounding business in Long Row, Nottingham, in 1574-5. To Henry (ii) may be ascribed the marks 6 and 7 and 17 and 19, the reversed C (7 and 19) being, as I suppose, made to do duty for an O. Mr. Walters, however, suggests that the C does duty for a D, and is the initial of Henry Dand, or Danne, Robert Quarnbie's father-in-law, who was a bellfounder, and is known to have done work with Henry Oldfield for Shrewsbury Abbey Church in 1591. It is notable that I have never found the H C with the mark 38, undoubtedly Henry Oldfield's. The C's are often used their proper way up as capitals, but I have not found an inscription with either a capital D or O of this fount. Besides mark 38, the Oldfields used 18, which had been used by the Mellours, and 9, 14, 15, 16, 20, 21, 22, and 34. It is suggested by Mr. North that Henry (i) may have migrated to Nottingham from Yorkshire, as many of the stamps used at the Nottingham foundry were originally used by a fifteenth century founder, probably at York. Henry (ii) had three sons, George (i), Richard, and Robert, all engaged in bell

founding. George (i) died in 1680, his son, George (ii), who was also a bellfounder, having died in 1660. Alice, daughter of George (i), married Hugh Oldfield, and had a son, George (iii) (1671–1741), who was also a founder, and had a son, George (iv).

Oldfield, Hugh-(Badsworth, Braithwell, Harthill). He used mark 25.

Oldfield, George (i)-(Batley, Edlington, Hickleton, Loversall, Todwick). It is remarkable that these bells all bear the date 1658. This man used a mark similar to 38, but with G instead of H. Oldfield, Rowland-(Broughton-in-Craven). He seems to have worked with William Oldfield. They used a mark similar to 23, but with W. O. and R. O., in place of W. C.

He

Oldfield, William. This man had a foundry at Nottingham, and also, apparently, branch establishments at York and Doncaster. seems to have used mark 32 on his earlier bells, 1601-14, and sometimes a large stamp of the royal arms (plate xiv). From the latter date he used the larger mark 23, with variation mentioned above; first for a short time in conjunction with Rowland Oldfield, and afterwards with his Own initials only, adding the line SOLI DEO GLORIA along the top of the shield (Arncliffe, Carleton-in-Craven, Cowthorpe, Kirkby Malham). He also sometimes put his initials alone, one on each side of the date (Warmfield, Woolley). He did work on the Snaith bells in 1623 and 1646. William Oldfield seems to have been succeeded in business by William Cuerdon, who modified the mark to 23. A number of beautiful capitals were used by William Oldfield for the tenor at Bolton Percy (marks 42 to 49). Except 42 and 43, I have not found these elsewhere.

Pack, Thomas-(Barnsley).

Pack & Chapman-(Barnsley, Bingley, Birstal, Farnham, Kildwick, Kirkby Overblow, Knaresborough, Saddleworth, Snaith, Sprotborough, Waddington, Wakefield Cathedral).

Palmer, Thomas-(Sheffield S. Peter).

Pette, Richard-(plate xiii, marks 52 and 55).

Potter, John. Mr. Benson says that John, son of Nicholas the Potter, was made a freeman of York in 1359. (Freemen of York, Surtees Society, i, 54.) He used the (39). It is to be found with his name on a bell at Holy Trinity, Micklegate, York. The crosses

on the bells at Hemsworth and Warmfield are from the same stamp as the York bell, but those on the bells at Conistone-with-Kilnsey, Goldsborough, Marston, and South Stainley, though very similar, are not from that stamp. The lettering on the bells at Hemsworth and

Warmfield is however, though from the same stamps, not from the stamps used for the York bell. The lettering on the other bells named, except that at Marston, is identical in character with that on the York bell; the lettering on the Marston bell is quite different to any of the others. I may say that I am not quite sure of the cross on the Goldsborough bell, as I have only a rubbing, but the character of the lettering seems to mark it as Potter's.

Powdrell, William-(marks 62, 75, and 76).

Quarnbie, Robert-(mark 20).

Rofford, John de-(mark 8, and possibly 53).

Seller, William. He had a foundry in Jubbergate, York. He used mark 74, of which there seem to be several varieties. Mr. Harper Gaythorpe, of Barrow-in-Furness, writes to me that this mark, or one very like it, is found on bells dated from 1662 to 1771. Mr. Hope gives the date of William Seller as 1662-87, but doubtless the mark was used by the successive occupiers of the foundry after William's death. Indeed, it is a common thing to find a mark employed a hundred years after the death of the original user. classifies the variations of the mark as follows:

Mr. Gaythorpe

(1) The form found in Lincolnshire, with W. S. only. (2) A similar mark, found with dates 1683-7 and bearing the initials W. S., accompanied by those of H. W., which latter, Mr. Benson suggests, are those of an assistant or apprentice. (3) W. S., accompanied by a rose and a bell. This mark has a square base, and is to be found on a bell at Eskdale in Cumberland.

(4) W. S., accompanied by a rose and a bell, with the design enclosed in a pointed shield (74). This mark is of a later date, as it will be noticed that the only examples I have found are dated 1735 and 1771.

Seller, Edward (i). This man succeeded William Seller at the Jubbergate foundry. In 1703-4 he served as Sheriff of York. He used mark 5, and did work at Baildon, Bracewell, and Rufforth, besides the places mentioned in the index. Both he and Edward Seller (ii) used a band of ornament similar to (1), used by Samuel Smith (post), but with { Seller instead of Ebor). Edward (i) died in 1724, and was buried at the church of S. Sampson in York.

E

Ebor

SS

Seller, Edward (ii). He was the son of Edward (i), and carried on the foundry. He also was Sheriff of York (1731-2), and used mark 5 and the modified form of (1). Besides the places mentioned in the index, he did work at Acaster Malbis, Bolton-byBolland, Calverley, Dewsbury, Flockton, Garforth, Great Ouseburn,

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