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382

A. PRIMITIVE FOLK-MOOTS

B. WATLING STREET AND THE DANELAGH

C. THE MILITARY ORIGIN OF THE BOROUGHS

D. THE WORDS “CASTRUM” AND “ CASTELLUM"

E. THE BURGHAL HIDAGE

385

386

387

388

388

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390

M. THE CASTLE OF SLANE

N. THE WORD “DONJON”

O. THE ARRANGEMENTS IN EARLY KEEPS.

P. KEEPS AS RESIDENCES

401

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

AND PLANS

Motte-Castles from the Bayeux Tapestry :-Dol, Rennes, Dinan,
Bayeux, Hastings.

Frontispiece

.

4

19

28

.

36

42

.

52

.

59

1. Typical Motte - Castles :-Topcliffe, Yorks; Laughton - en -le

Morthen, Yorks; Anstey, Herts; Dingestow, Monmouth ;

Hedingham, Essex 2. Anglo-Saxon MS, of Prudentius 3. Wallingford, Berks ; Wareham, Dorset 4. Eddisbury, Cheshire ; Witham, Essex 5. Plan of Towcester about 1830 6. Shoebury, Essex 7. Willington, Beds 8. Arundel, Sussex ; Abergavenny, Monmouth 9. Barnstaple, Devon; Berkhampstead, Herts; Bishop's Stortford,

Herts 10. Bourn, Lincs ; Bramber, Sussex 11. Caerleon, Monmouth ; Carisbrooke 12. Carlisle ; Castle Acre, Norfolk 13. Clifford, Hereford ; Clitheroe, Lancs ; Corfe, Dorset 14. Dover (from a plan in the British Museum, 1756). 15. Dunster, Somerset ; Dudley, Staffs. 16. Durham

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102

17. Ely, Cambs; Ewias Harold, Hereford ; Eye, Suffolk
18. Hastings, Sussex ; Huntingdon
19. Launceston, Cornwall; Lewes, Sussex

150 158

164

168

172

174

178

180

188

192

194

202

204

21. Monmouth ; Montacute, Somerset ; Morpeth, Northumberland .
22. Norham; Nottingham
23. Norwich (from Harrod's Gleanings among the Castles and

Convents of Norfolk, p. 133)
24. Okehampton, Devon; Penwortham, Lancs; Pevensey, Sussex
25. Oxford (from Oxonia Illustrata, David Loggan, 1675)
26. Pontefract, Yorks; Preston Capes, Northants; Quatford, Salop.
27. Rayleigh, Essex ; Richard's Castle, Hereford
28. Richmond, Yorks; Rochester, Kent
29. Rockingham, Northants
30. Old Sarum, Wilts
31. Shrewsbury; Skipsea, Yorks
32. Stafford ; Tamworth, Staffs ; Stanton Holgate, Salop; Tickhill,

Yorks 33. Tonbridge, Kent; Totnes, Devon 34. Trematon, Cornwall; Tutbury, Staffs 35. Wallingford, Berks 36. Warwick; Wigmore, Hereford 37. Winchester (from a plan by W. Godson, 1750) 38. Windsor Castle (from Ashmole's Order of the Garter) 39. York Castle and Baile Hill (from a plan by P. Chassereau, 1750) 40. Motte-Castles of North Wales :-Mold, Welshpool, Wrexham,

Mathraval

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41. Motte-Castles of South Wales :-Cilgerran, Blaenporth, Chastell

Gwalter 42. Motte-Castles of South Wales :—Builth, Gemaron, Payn's Castle 43. Motte-Castles of South Wales :-Cardiff, Loughor 44. Scottish Motte-Castles :-Annan, Moffat, Duffus, Old Hermitage 45. Irish Motte-Castles :-Ardmayle, Downpatrick, Drogheda, Castle

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336