SURVEYING COMPILED BY REGINALD E. MIDDLETON, M. INST. C. E. M. INST, MECH. E. F.S.I. OSBERT CHADWICK, C.M.G. M. INST. C. E. M. INST. MECH. F. AND J. DU T. BOGLE (COLONEL, LATE R.E.) FORMERLY INSTRUCTOR IN SURVEYING AT THE SCHOOL OF MILITARY ENGINEERING, CHATHAM E. & F. N. SPON, LIMITED, 125 STRAND New York: SPON AND CHAMBERLAIN, 123 LIBERTY STREET 1902 THE circumstances which led to the compilation of the Work, of which this is the Second (and final) Part, have been fully set forth in the First Part, already published. The First Part describes the instruments which are usually in the possession of the surveyor, and gives the methods of using them in surveying with the chain only, with the chain and theodolite on traverse surveying, and in minor triangulation. The determination of heights by levelling and by the measurement of vertical angles, is also dealt with. Only a few brief remarks have been made as to the effect of the spherical form of the earth on survey operations. The Second Part, now published, describes some modern and special instruments not so generally possessed by surveyors, such as the tacheometer. The question of the Figure of the Earth is discussed more fully, mainly with the intention of indicating the limits within which the spheroidal form of the earth may or may not be disregarded. The object of this section is mainly suggestive. No attempt has been made to give full information as to the methods to be adopted in the case of surveys of so extensive a character as to involve the consideration of the spheroidal figure of the earth. The occasions on which a surveyor is called upon to conduct such extensive surveys are rare, and their direction is usually entrusted to specially qualified persons. A section on Practical Astronomy has been inserted, with a view |