| Nova Scotian Institute of Natural Science - 1890 - 456 pages
...most direct line ; (2) to avoid all unnecessary ascents and descents within the smallest practical limits ; (3) to adopt such slopes or gradients for...be reduced to the smallest amount." (Prof. Mahan.) GRADES AND TRACTIVE FORCE. " Upon common roads the grades, or the angles which the axis of the road... | |
| Quincy Adams Gillmore - 1892 - 312 pages
...earth can be made at less than one-fourth the cost of excavations in rock. Location of the Line. "lu selecting among the different lines of the survey...and also the cost of bridges and other accessories, sliall be reduced to the smallest amount.'' (I'rof. Mahan.) Except in a flat and level country, it... | |
| Austin Thomas Byrne - 1892 - 752 pages
...When a road is encumbered with useless ascents, the wasteful expenditure of power is considerable. (d) To give the centre line such a position, with reference to the natural surface of the ground, that the cost of construction shall be reduced to the smallest possible amount. (e) To cross all obstacles... | |
| Geological Survey of Georgia - 1901 - 344 pages
...useless ascents, the useless expenditure of power is considerable. 4 Give the center line of the road such a position with reference to the natural surface of the ground, that the cost of construction shall l>e reduced to the smallest possible amount. 5 Cross all obstacles,... | |
| Austin Thomas Byrne - 1906 - 96 pages
...encumbered with useless ascents, the wasteful expenditure of power is considerable. (d) To give the center line such a position, with reference to the natural surface of the ground, that the cost of construction shall be reduced to the smallest possible amount. (e) To cross all obstacles... | |
| Austin Thomas Byrne, Alfred Edward Phillips - 1907 - 152 pages
...encumbered with useless ascents, the wasteful expenditure of power is considerable. (d) To give the center line such a position, with reference to the natural surface of the ground, that the cost of construction shall be reduced to the smallest possible amount. (e) To cross all obstacles... | |
| American School of Correspondence, Chicago, American School (Lansing, Ill.) - 1909 - 488 pages
...encumbered with useless ascents, the wasteful expenditure of power is considerable. (d) To give the center line such a position, with reference to the natural surface of the ground, that the cost of construction shall be reduced to the smallest possible amount. (c) To cross all obstacles... | |
| Harwood Frost - 1910 - 576 pages
...commensurate with easy grades. 3. To avoid all unnecessary ascents and descents. 4. To give the center line such a position with reference to the natural surface of the ground that the cost of construction shall be reduced to the smallest possible amount. 5. To cross all obstacles,... | |
| Harwood Frost - 1910 - 576 pages
...commensurate with easy grades. 3. To avoid all unnecessary ascents and descents. 4. To give the center line such a position with reference to the natural surface of the ground that the cost of construction shall be reduced to the smallest possible amount. o. To cross all obstacles,... | |
| 1920 - 472 pages
...encumbered with useless ascents, the wasteful expenditure of power is considerable. (4) To give the center line such a position, with reference to the natural surface of the ground, that the cost of construction shall be reduced to the smallest possible amount. v (5) To cross all... | |
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