267

-

ib.

The freedom of the city given to all the provincials,

for the purpose of taxation,

Temporary reduction of the tribute,

Consequences of the universal freedom of Rome, 268

CHAP. VII.

The elevation and tyranny of Maximin.-Rebellion in Africa
and Italy, under the authority of the senate.-Civil wars
and seditions.-Violent deaths of Maximin and his son,
of Maximus and Balbinus, and of the three Gordians.
Usurpation and secular games of Philip.

A. D.

Page

The apparent ridicule and solid advantages of here-

ditary succession,

270

Want of it in the Roman empire productive of the

greatest calamities,

271

Birth and fortunes of Maximin,

272

Character and elevation of the two Gordians,

They solicit the confirmation of their authority,
The senate ratifies the election of the Gordians,
Declares Maximin a public enemy,
Assumes the command of Rome and Italy,
Prepares for a civil war,

274

275

276

277

280

281

282

285

286

287

ib.

288

A. D.

237 Defeat and death of the two Gordians,

Page

289

Election of Maximus and Balbinus by the senate, 290

292

Their characters,

293

Tumult at Rome,

The younger Gordian is declared Cæsar,

ib:

Maximin prepares to attack the senate, and their

emperors,

294

238 Marches into Italy,

296

Siege of Aquileia,

ib.

Conduct of Maximus,

298

Of the state of Persia after the restoration of the monarchy

by Artaxerxes.

A. D.

Page

The barbarians of the East and of the North,

Roman empires,

Establishment of the royal authority in the pro-

Extent and population of Persia,

Recapitulation of the war between the Parthian and

165 Cities of Seleucia and Ctesiphon,

329

330

331

332

216 Conquest of Osrhoene by the Romans,

334

230 Artaxerxes claims the provinces of Asia, and de-
clares war against the Romans,

336

233 Pretended victory of Alexander Severus,
More probable account of the war,

240 Character and maxims of Artaxerxes,

Military power of the Persians,

Their infantry contemptible,

Their cavalry excellent,

341

342

ib.

ib.

CHAP. IX.

The state of Germany till the invasion of the barbarians,
in the time of the emperor Decius.

The emperors Decius, Gallus, Emilianus, Valerian, and
Gallienus.-The general irruption of the barbarians.-
The thirty tyrants.

A. D.

248-268. The nature of the subject,

The emperor Philip,

249 Services, revolt, victory, and reign of the empe

ror Decius,

Origin of the Goths from Scandinavia,

Page

384

ib.

385

250 He marches against the Goths,

387

ib.

D,

The Gothic nation increases in its march,
Distinction of the Germans and Sarmatians,
Description of the Ukraine,

The Goths invade the Roman provinces,
250 Various events of the Gothic war,
251 Decius revives the office of censor in the
of Valerius,

-

The design impracticable, and without effect,
Defeat and death of Decius and his son,

251 Election of Gallus,

252 Retreat of the Goths,

annual tribute,

Popular discontent,

Gallus purchases peace by the payment of an

253 Victory and revolt of Emilianus,

Gallus abandoned and slain,

person

400

402

403

405

406

ib.

407

408

409

it.

410

411

412

ib.

414

415

416

417

418

ib.

419

Valerian revenges the death of Gallus, and is ac-

They ravage Spain, and pass over into Africa,

Origin and renown of the Suevi,

A mixed body of Suevi assume the name of

The senators excluded by Gallienus from the
military service,

-

Gallienus contracts an alliance with the Alemanni, ib.