Rev. C. R. Pettat, Great Witcomb R. Glouc. Rev. F. Pickford, Hagworthingham R. Linc. Rev. H. Pooke, Kevil V. Wilts. Rev. T. Ratcliffe, Ely Chapel, London. Rev. W. Scoresby, D.D. Bradford V. Yorkshire. Rev. W. Sergison, Slaugham R. Sussex. CIVIL PREFERMENTS. R. G. Latham, M.A. to be Professor of the English Language in University College, London. Rev. A. W. Street, to be Junior Professor in Bishop's College, Calcutta. Rev. R. K. Cooke, to be Head Master of Rochdale School. C. Easther, esq. B A. to be Second Master of Richmond School, Yorkshire. A. Wallace, esq. B.A. to be Second Master of Bromsgrove School, Worcestershire. BIRTHS. July 13. In London, the Countess of Sandwich, a son and heir.--20. The wife of the Rev. Thomas Gurney, of Rampton, a dau. being the seventeenth child. --At Amwell, the Lady of C. E. Dampier, esq. a son.-25. At St. Leonard's-hill, Mrs. Harcourt, a daughter. 26. At Newcastle, the wife of the Hon. and Rev. A. Pomeroy, a son. At Gormanston Castle, the wife of the Hon. E. Preston, a daughter.-27. In Grosvenor-sq. the Viscountess Milton, a son.-28. At Cheltenham, the wife of John Trevelyan, esq. a son and heir.-31. In St. James's-sq. the Hon. Mrs. A. Legge, a son. Lately. At Talacre, the lady of Sir Edward Mostyn, Bart. a daughter.-In Berkeley-sq. Mrs. Peere Williams, a dau.--In Warwickshire, Lady Charles Poulett, a son. In Ireland, the Hon. Mrs. Tighe, a son. Aug. 2. At the Rt. Hon. J. W. Croker's, Moulsey, Mrs. George Barrow, a dau.--At Goldings, Lady Townsend Farquhar. a son. --3. At Fulham, the Hon. Mrs. Sidney Roper Curzon, a dau.-4. At Cambridge-terr. Hydepark, Mrs. R. du Pré Alexander, a dau.-5. The wife of Rich. Bagge, esq. of Gaywood-hall, Norf. a dau.--At Mote-park, Ireland, the seat of her brother Lord Crofton, the Hon. Mrs. E. Evans, a son and heir.-6. In Park-st.Grosv.sq. Mrs. W. G. Prescott, a dau.-8. At Staplehurst, Lady Mary Hoare, a dau.--At Mereden Vicarage, the wife of the Hon. and Rev. W. Somerville, a son.--At Stonor-park, the wife of Thomas Stonor, esq. a dau.--9. At Chiselhurst, the wife of the Rev. Thomas Fuller, of Eaton-place, a son.-12. At Claphamcommon, the wife of J. Humphery, esq. M.P. a son. In Mortimer-st. the wife of W. Brodie, a son and heir.--13. At Netherseale-hall, Leic. Lady Gresley, a dau.--At Great Haseley, the wife of H. Hamersley, esq. a son.-17. At Ditton-park, the Hon. Mrs. Hope, a son. -18. At Oldbury-place, Ightham, the wife of Thomas Selby, esq. a dau. MARRIAGES. June 18. At Leamington, Stephen Lawson, esq. Assistant Surgeon 87th Fusiliers, to Fanny Maria Hardress, grand-dau, of the late Rev. Sir T. D. Broughton, Bart. 20. At Loddiswell, Devon, the Rev. Charles Osmond, B.C.L. of Tiverton, to Caroline Jane, only dau. of the late Rev. G. F. Wise. 26. At Shrewsbury, Henry Johnson, D.Μ. to Eliz. Maria, only dau. of the late Rev. C. Peters, M.A. Rector of Pontesbury, Salop. At Lewisham, John Young, esq. late of Trinityhall, Cambridge, barrister-at-law, to Ann Mary, youngest dau. of the late George Ranking, esq. of Bentinck-st.-At Baverstock, Wilts, the Rev. Thomas Garrett, third son of the late T. Garrett, esq. of Ellington, Kent, to Joanna, second dau. of Alex. Powell, esq. of Hurdcott. 27. At Moness-house, Perthshire, W. H. Unwin, esq. of Suttons, Notts. to Sarah Rosanna, eldest dau. of the late A. Small, esq. of Clifton-house, Bucks. At Kew, the Rev. F. J. Blandy, Vicar of Netheravon, to ElizabethDollond, youngest dau. of the late Timothy Tyrrell, esq. At Wigan, the Rev. W. C. Gibbs, of Disley, Cheshire, second son of Geo. Gibbs, of Stephen's Green, Dublin, esq. to Eliz. Fowden, dau. of Alex. Haliburton, esq. of Whitley, Lanc. At St. George's, Han.-sq. the Lord Bishop of Salisbury, to Louisa, second dau. of the late Henry Ker Seymer, esq. of Hanford, Dorset. At the same church, the Rev. R. L. Cotton, D.D. Provost of Worcester coll. Oxf. to Charlotte-Bouverie, youngest dau. of the late Hon. Philip Pusey. At the same church, James Boulcott, esq. son of J. E. Boulcott, esq. of Stratford-house, Essex, to Louisa Caroline, eldest dau. of W. G. Harrison, esq. of Upper Bedfordpl.-At St. James's, D. Ogilvy Boyd, esq. of John-st. Adelphi, to Margaret, youngest dau. of the late R. Henderson, esq. - At St. George's, Han.-sq. C. H. Hammond, esq. of Southampton, to Anna Maria, dau. of the late James Crabb, esq. of the same place. At Liverpool, John Bracken, esq. Captain 29th Bengal Inf. son of the late Rev. T. Bracken, M.A. to Mary, eldest dau. of Egerton Smith, esq.--At Walthamstow, R.P. Harris, esq. jun. to Emily Mary, second dau. of the Rev. W. Wilson, B.D. Vicar of Walthamstow. 28. At Trinity church, Marylebone, the Rev. W. M. Macdonald, Vicar of Minety, Glouc. to Elizabeth, dau. of P. Hadow, esq. of Upper Harley-st. 29. At St. George's, Han.-sq. L. C. H. А. Hankey, esq. to Caroline Maria, eldest dau. of A. W. Robarts, esq. of Hill-st.-At St. Pancras, Benj. West, jun. esq. of Mornington-cr. to Catharine, eldest dau. of T. Wilson, esq. of Burton-st. July 2. At Winchmore-hill, the Rev. E. В. Warren, M.A. Minister of that chapel, to Mary Ann, second dau. of the late Edw. Busk, esq. of Ford's-grove. The Rev. D. R. Godfrey, A.M. Head Classical Master of Grosvenor College, Bath, to Louisa, youngest dau. of the late C. W. Cruttwell, esq. - The Rev. W. S. Beever, M.A. Curate of Willingham, to Charlotte, youngest dau. of W. Sumpter, esq. of Histon-hall, Camb. At St. John's, Westminster, the Rev. G. W. Marriott, M.A. eldest son of the Rev. G. P. Marriott, Preb. of York, to Maria, eldest dau. of the late G. R. Marriott, esq. of Gray's-inn. 4. At Clifton, the Rev. Jacob Wood, Vicar of Egham, to Mary, only dau. of the late T. Frampton, esq. - At St. George's, Hanoversq. Francis Bacon, esq. barrister-at-law, to Fanny H. S. only dau. of Horace Twiss, esq. Queen's Counsel. At Hamble, Henry Ker Seymer, esq. of Handford, Dorset, to Isabella Helen, youngest dau. of the late W. Webber, esq. of Binfield-lodge, Berks. - At Leeds, the Rev. Ralph Grenside, B.A. Rector of Crathorne, to Mary, eldest dau. of the late L. S. Ray, esq. 5. At Christ church, Mile-end, the Rev. Wm. Isham Baggs, Rector of Wark, Northumberland. At Newington, W. Lockhart Gibson, M.D. of Dundee, to Anne, second dau, of the late John Weston, esq. 14. At St. Petersburgh, the Duke of Leuchtenberg to the Grand Duchess Maria of Russia. 15. At Chester, the Rev. H.W. Bellairs, eldest son of the Rev. H. Bellairs, Rector of Bedworth, Warw. to Mary Hannah Albina, fifth dau, of the late G. W. Kenrick, esq. of Woorehall, Shropshire. 16. At St. George's, Han.-sq. H. W. Des Voeux, esq. only son of Sir C. Des Voeux, Bart. to Lady Sophia, widow of Sir R. Gresley, Bart. At St. Stephen's, Coleman-st. Charles Thomson, esq. of East Teignmouth, to Anne, youngest dau. of the late Rev. Dr. Lempriere. -At Streatham, F. H. Spragge, esq. of Corpus Chr. Coll. Cambridge, to Sarah, youngest dau. of the late Marm. Prickett, esq. of Bridlington.--At Stamford, J. Douglas De Wend, esq. 44th Reg. son of the late Major De Wend, to Jesse, third dau. of the late Sam. Fenton, of Underbank-hall, Yorkshire, esq.--At Lewisham, John Stow, esq. of Greenwich, to Henrietta Elizabeth, eldest dau. of the late Rev. I. F. B. Bohun, Rector of Debden, Suffolk.At Putney, the Rev. Samuel Fennell, D.D. Principal of the West Riding Proprietary School at Wakefield, to Arabella, second dau. of the late W. Groom, esq. of Lincoln's Inn. -At St. John Lee, William Isaac, third son of Isaac Cookson, esq. of Meldon-park, Northumberland, to Jane Ann, youngest dau. of W. Cuthbert, esq. of Beaufront.--At Holton, Linc. Capt. J. Hale, 22d Bombay N. I. to Catharine, eldest dau. of W. B. Burton, esq. of Holton-hall. At St. George's, Han.-sq. the Rev. George Hutton, second son of the late William Hutton, esq. of Gate Burton, Linc. to Caroline, sixth dau. of Robert Holden, esq. of Eaton-place and Nuttall Temple, Notts. Hill, B.A. incumbent of Trinity church, Leicester, to Dorothea Scott, elder daughter of Wm. Lorrain, esq. LL.D. Rothesay. 6. At St. George's, Hanover-sq. the Hon. Mr. Vanneck, eldest son of Lord Huntingfield, to Miss Arcedeckne, daughter of Andrew Arcedeckne, esq.--At Hackney, G. E. Hering, esq. of Charles-st. Berners-st. to Catharine, eldest dau. of W. Bromley, esq. of Stamfordgrove. 8. At Putney, Sir J. M. Nasmyth, Bart. to the Hon. Eleanor Powys, sister of Lord Lilford. At St. Giles's, the Rev. Alfred Gatty, M.A. to Margaret, youngest dau. of the Rev. Dr. Scott, Vicar of Catterick, Yorkshire.At Whittlesford, Camb. H. B. Gunning, esq. of the Middle Temple, to Katharine, youngest dau. of H. J. Thurnhall, esq. of the former place.--At Bedford, C. F. Edwards, esq. of Herne Bay, to Joanna Maria, second dau. of the late Lieut. Col. Cleeve, R.A. 9. At St. James's, Piccadilly, John, only son of John Weston, esq. of Woolton, near Liverpool, to Eliza Campion, eldest dau., and Robert Spittal, M.D. second son of Sir James Spittal, of Edinburgh, to Marianne, second dau. of N. Grut, esq. of Waterloo-place. At St. George's, Bloomsbury, T. A. Whitter, esq. of Ulster-terr. Regent's-park, to Amelia Prudentia, youngest dau. of W. Courtney, esq. of Woburn-place. --At Norwood, Surrey, the Rev. J. S. Utterton, Perp. Curate of Holmwood, Surrey, to Ellen, daughter of P. Storr, esq.At King's Norton, the Rev. H. G. Cooper, M.A. Incumbent of Barton-under-Needwood, to Elizabeth, third dau. of the late Rev. E. Palmer, of Moseley, Worc.-- At Hambledon, Charles Reynard, esq. of Hobgreen, Yorkshire, to Helen Eliz. only dau. of the late W. Higgens, esq. of Fairfield, Hants. 10. At Hanworth, Norfolk, Philip, third son of P. W. Mayou, esq. to Mary, only dau. of the late Rev. B. G. Heath, Rector of Creeting, Suff. At Betchworth, Surrey, the Rev. Edw. Hoare, third son of S. Hoare, esq. of Hampstead-heath, to Maria Eliza, only dau. of Sir B. C. Brodie, Bart.--At St. George the Martyr, Charles Rivington, esq. of Queen-sq. to Emily, second dau. of Wm. Chadwell Mylne, esq. of New River Head and Amwell.-At Hendon, the Rev. John Lawson, M.A. to Frances Lydia, eldest dau. of the Rev. T. Williams, Vicar of Hendon.--At St. George's, Han.-sq. Sir T. Whichcote, Bart. to Marianne, only dau. of Henry Beckett, esq. and niece of Sir John Beckett. At Pilfirrane, Fife, Robert H. S. Jackson, esq. second son of the late Lieut-Gen. Jackson, and Lieut. 97th Reg. to Elizabeth, youngest dau. of Adm. Sir Peter Halkett, Bart. G.C.H. 11. At Kingston, Otho Thwaites, esq. of Great James-st. Westminster, to Naomi, eldest dau. of Thomas Jackson, esq. of Portsea. At Marylebone church, Henry Armstrong Rawlins, esq. of Kentish-town, to Isabella, youngest dau. of P. Salomons, esq. of Baker-st. and grandchild of the late G. Goldsmid, esq. At Dawlish, John Shapter, esq. to Mary Ann Jane, youngest dau. of H. L. Gibbs, M.D. of Exeter. At Chelsea, the Rev. Richard Shepherd, B.A. to Ann, youngest dau. of J. Baseley, esq. At St. George's, Han.-sq. Thos. Aug. W. Parker, esq. M.P. for Oxfordshire, to Henrietta, youngest dau. of Edm. Turnor, esq. of Stoke Rochford.William Kirkby, esq. of Liverpool, only son of the late Rev. William Kirkby, Rector of Caldecote, Hunt. to Harriott Ursula, only dau. of the Rev. J. Horseman, Rector of Middle, Shropshire. 13. At St. Martin's-in-the-Fields, Theodore Foulks, esq. eldest son of A. Foulks, esq. of Clifton, to Theodora, youngest dau, of the Rev, 17. At Cheltenham, H. Stockley Grimes, esq. Bengal Army, to Frances Matilda, eldest dau. of Gen. Podmore, E. I. Service. -At Rathmines, Dublin, R. W. Biggs, A.B. only son of Richard Biggs, esq. of Devizes, to Sarah, youngest dau. of John Purser, esq. of Rathmines Castle. --At St. George's, Han.-sq. John Obadiah Westwood, esq. F.L.S. of Hammersmith, to Elizabeth, dau. of the late Charles Richardson, esq. 18. Sir R. H. Kennedy, K.C.H. to Anna Maria, widow of Robert Hillingsford, esq. dau. of the late Sam. Harrison, esq. of Percy-st. Bedford-sq. At St. Marylebone, Alfred Smith, esq. of Cumberland-terr. Regent's-park, to Laura Susannah, third dau. of Frederick Perkins, esq. of Chipstead-place, Kent. - At York, the Hon. John Jocelyn, to Emily, second dau. of Henry Thompson, esq. of Holgatelodge. At Newcastle-upon-Tyne, the Rev. William Jamieson, M.A. British Chaplain at Amsterdam, to Susan, fifth dau. of the late W. Curry, esq. of North Shields. At Kennington, Charles James Wood, esq. M.A. of Trin. Coll. Camb. to Hannah Maria, youngest dau. of the late Thomas Smith, esq. of Kingston. 19. The Rev. T. A. Houblon, Rector of Catmere and Peasemore, Berks, to Eleanor, dau. of the Rev. John Deedes, Rector of Willingale, Essex. At Shoreditch, William Campbell, esq. one of the Magistrates of Mussleburgh, N. B. to Elizabeth Hughes, dau, of John Jones, esq. 20. Robert Down, esq. of the Inner Temple, and Yeovil, to Elizabeth, eldest dau. of Benjamin Philips, esq. of Bromley, Kent.-At Overton, Flintshire, the Rev. W. Webster, M.A. Fellow of Queen's Coll. Camb. to Sarah Phillips, eldest dau, of the late John Randles, esq. of Overton-hall. -- At St. George's, Bloomsbury, Robert Green, esq. of Eltham, to Catharine Sarah, second dau. of the late Thomas Smith, esq. of the Six Clerks' Office. -At Streatham, Charles Armstrong, esq. of Southwark, to Elizabeth, second dau. of John Day, esq. of Water-lane, Tower-st.--At Edmonton, William Beall, esq. of the Grange, Mountnessing, to Susanna, youngest dau. of the late Joseph Radford, esq. of Billericay. At Blunham, Beds. James Elsden Everard, of Congham, Norfolk, esq. to Isabella Emma, youngest dau. of Sir Peter Payne, Bart. 21. At Clifton, Capt. H. T. Parfitt, to Elizabeth Catharine, widow of Capt. C. Blomer, 31st regt. dau. of the late John Martin, esq. of Withy Bush, Pemb. 22. At Hampstead, Samuel Birch, esq. eldest son of the Rev. Dr. Birch, to Charlotte Frances, dau. of the late Samuel Fred. Gray, esq. At the British Embassy, Paris, William Young, esq. youngest son of Rear-Adm. Young, to Harriet Elizabeth, only child of A. S. Willington, esq. of Charleston, South Carolina. 23. At Leamington, T. Aubrey Howard, esq. to Charlotte Mary, only dau. of the Rev. F. T. Corrance, Vicar of Great Glenn, Leic. At Southampton, C. H. Pilgrim, esq. of Yorkterr. Regent's-park, to Mary, third dau. of the late Edw. Shewell, esq. At St. George in the East, Middlesex, Mr. E. J. Carlos, of Gloucester-buildings, Walworth, solicitor, to Mary Ann Glascott, of Wyrardisbury, Bucks, youngest surviving dau. of the late Thomas Glascott, esq. of Whitechapel. At Ardwick, near Manchester, Edwin Chadwick, esq. Sec. to the Poor Law Commission, to Rachel Dawson, fifth daughter of J. Kennedy, of Ardwickhouse, esq. The Rev. J. C. Robertson, M.A. of Trin. Coll. Camb. to Julia Maria, only dau. of Richard Stevenson, esq. of Barton, Notts. -At Liverpool, the Rev. C. Brereton, S.C.L. Fellow of New Coll. Oxf. second son of the Rev. Dr. Brereton, of Bedford, to Emily, second dau. of Henry Hill, esq. 24. At Cookham, the Rev. Charles W. Lawrence, second son of Charles Lawrence, esq. of Mossley Hill, Liverpool, to Lucia, second dau. of the late Sir Samuel Young, Bart. of Formosa-place, Berks. At Leamington, George Acklom, esq. second son of Lieut. Col. Acklom, to Marianne, eldest dau. of Robert Fellowes, esq. of Shottesham-park, Norf. - At Southampton, Lieut. Robert Boardman, R.N. to Mrs. Andoe, widow of Capt. Robt. Andoe, R.N. 25. At Newark, William Cosier Fletcher, esq. of the Woodlands, Manchester, to Mary, second daughter of Joseph Gilstrop, esq. the Mayor of Newark. At All Souls, Marylebone, and at the French chapel, the Count de Mont Real, to Theodosia, dau. of Sam. Crawley, esq. M.P. At St. James's, Piccadilly, Henry L'Estrange Styleman L'Estrange, esq. of Hunstanton-hall, Norfolk, to Jamesina, youngest dau. of John Stewart, esq. of Belladrum, co. Inverness.--At Leicester, the Rev. J. Bull, M.A. Master of the Hospital and Grammar School at Clipston, to Eliza Martha, youngest dau. of the late Wm. Goodall, esq. of Kennington, and niece to Major Macdonald, of the Manor-house, Buckingham. - At St. John's, Paddington, G. L. Cooper, esq. of Torringtonsq. Surgeon, son of the late Hon. Sir George Cooper, Judge at Madras, to Eleanor Frances, dau. of R. E. Cresswell, esq. of Pinkney-park, Wilts. At St. James's, the Hon. G. P. O'Callaghan, second son of Viscount Lismore, to Mary, second dau. of J. G. Norbury, esq. At St. George's, Han.-sq. Edw. Sivewright, Capt. 12th Lancers, to Fanny Page, eldest dau. of Gen. Sir John Crosbie, G.C.H. 26. At Bangor, Ireland, James Hamilton Ward, esq. Comm. R.N. son of the late Rt. Hon. R. Ward, to the Hon. Eliz. Dorcas Blackwood, dau. of Lord Dufferin and Claneboye. 27. At Dorking, Heathfield Young, esq. to Emily, second dau. of James Cheesman, esq. -At St. Hellier's, Jersey, Alex. John Sutherland, M.D. of Fludyer st. Westminster, eldest son of A. R. Sutherland, M.D. of Parliament-st. to Alison-Johanna, youngest dau. of J. W. Carmichael, esq. late Capt. 53d Reg. 29. At St. George's, Han.-sq. Algernon Charles Percy, eldest son of the Bishop of Carlisle, to Emily, eldest dau. of the late Rt. Rev. R. Heber, Bishop of Calcutta. - At Keppleston, near Aberdeen, Thomas Innes, esq. Advocate, second son of William Innes, esq. of Raemoir, to Helen-Christian, daughter of Thomas Burnett, esq. Advocate. At Debden-hall, W. T. Crosbie, esq. Ardfert-Abbey, Kerry, to Susan Ann, third daughter of the Hon. L. M. P. Burrell. 30. At St. Mary's, Bryanstone-sq. the Rev. Lord Arthur Hervey, to Patience, eldest dau. of John Singleton, esq. --At Watford, the Viscount Newry and Morne, son of the Earl of Kilmorey, to Anne-Amelia, eldest dau. of Gen. the Hon. Sir Charles Colville, G.C.B.-At St. James's, Dublin, R. W. Corringham, esq. of Bolham-hall, Notts. to Mary Madeline, eldest dau. of Dr. Scratchley, of Paris. 31. At Tunbridge, the Rev. R. W. Browne, M.A. Fellow of St. John's, Oxford, to CarolineBradford, eldest dau. of the Rev. Sir C. Hardinge, Bart.-At Northfield, Thomas Bagnall, esq. of West Bromwich, Staff. to Caroline, sixth dau. of the late L. Haslope, esq. of Selly-hall, Worc. At Southampton, John Coltsmann, esq. of Flesk-castle, Kerry, to Catherine, second dau. of the late James Langdale, esq. of Lavender-hill, Surrey. Lately. At Kilmore, Robert H. Southwell, esq. of Castle Hamilton, to Charlotte, widow of F. L. Saville, esq. of Tickhill, dau. of the Bishop of Kilmore. August 1. At Kelvedon, Essex, by the Bishop of London, the Rev. John Frere, Rector of Cottenham, and one of his Lordship's Domestic Chaplains, to Jane, second dau. of the Rev. Charles Dalton, Vicar of Kelvedon. At St. George's, Han. sq. John George, eldest son of J. Phillimore, LL.D. to Rose-Margaret, dau. of J. L. Knight Bruce, esq. one of her Majesty's Counsel. At Hatfield, Herts, the Rev. G. Renaud, M.A. Fellow of Corpus, Oxf. to Georgiana-Cecilia-Grantham, eldest dau. of the Rev. F. T. Faithfull, Rector of Hatfield. --At Dartmouth, the Rev. G. W. Langmead, to Elizabeth Holdsworth, youngest dau. of W. C. Hunt, esq. M.D. 2. At St. Pancras, Henry Flower, esq. of Upper Bedford-pl. to Caroline-Eliza, daughter of Martin Stutely, esq. of Cambridge-ter. 3. At St. George's, Han.-sq. the Rev. George Mathias, B.A. to Charlotte Jane, eldest dau. of Edw. Fletcher, esq. Corsock, Dumfriesshire. 5. At Kingstone, near Canterbury, the Rev. T. H. M. Bartlett, B.A. to Maria, youngest dau. of the late Lieut. Col. George Skyling, R. Art. 6. At Hadley, the Rev. John Sloper, of West Woodhay, Berks, to Georgiana Clementina, only daughter of the late Rev. Clement Cottrell. At Ipswich, Lieut. Nelson, R.E. son of Gen. Nelson, of Devonport, to Lucy, fifth dau. of the late Thomas Howard, esq.At Frant, the Rev. John Hamilton, Vicar of Lynsted, eldest son of J. Hamilton, esq. of Riseland, to Augusta-Harriet, fourth dau. of the late Sir Henry Hawley, Bart.--At Kensington, William Boulton Pickering, esq. of Hammersmith, to Harriet, second dau. of the late Thomas Woolley, esq. of Cain's-Cross, Gloucestershire. OBITUARY. THE SULTAN MAHMOUD. June 30. At Constantinople, aged 54, the Sultan Mahmoud the Second. Mahmoud II. was born on the 20th of July, 1785, and ascended the Imperial Throne immediately after the deposition and murder of Mustapha IV. in 1808, being then in the twenty-third year of his age. The murder of his predecessors, Selim and Mustapha, by the Janissaries, who had completely usurped the government of the kingdom, made a deep impression on his mind. Seeing no other way to rid himself of them, he resolved upon their indiscriminate slaughter. From the dome of the mosque of St. Sophia he gazed upon the terrible carnage which gave freedom to the empire. So bloody a commencement of a reign was supposed to presage a continuance of cruelty; but, happily for Turkey, the Sultan no sooner found himself free from personal danger than he directed all the energies of a daring mind to improve the social and moral condition of his subjects. His chief opponents were the priests, who scrupled not to accuse him of infidelity, and who, by attributing every defeat sustained by his arms to the displeasure of the Prophet, raised a clamour against him among the zealots of the Mussulman faith, which greatly embittered his life. In the war with Russia, which continued from 1809 to 1812, he lost Bessarabia and a part of Moldavia; next followed the revolution which restored independence to Greece; and, to complete his misfortunes, the Pacha of Egypt intimated a determination to perpetuate the government of Egypt in his own family. His annihilation of the power of the Janissaries-the prætorian guard of the Porte-was a bold, decisive, necessary act, worthy of a Peter the Great; but though he could will high things, and carry that will into effect by sudden and vigorous efforts, he wanted the enduring patience, and sagacious anticipations of the future, required to carry out the parallel. He involved the empire in wars, not unprovoked it is true, but rashly entered into; and the consequence of which has been, the dismemberment of some of its finest provinces, the insubordination of its vassals, and its exposure to the mercy of the designing and rapacious North. In a pamphlet published about two years ago, it is remarked that " The magnitude of an obstacle never deterred him; but no premature rashness impelled him to its removal before his measures were effectually matured. In the means he has employed he has been utterly unscrupulous. One of his first acts was to take the life of his brother, in order to deprive a powerful facțion of their chief pretence for revolt. In other years blood has flowed in torrents under his orders, and sometimes under his immediate view. By the unexampled treachery of his agent, Mahomet Ali, the lives and the power of the Mameluke Beys were extinguished at one fell blow; and, when a similar tragedy was to be performed at Constantinople, he himself, stationed within the railing of the mosque of Sultan Achmet, on the Hippodrome, directed and witnessed that wholesale massacre of the Janissaries, on the complete execution of which depended his own existence. The feudal chieftains and rebellious Pachas were removed indifferently, by fraud or force. Sometimes one was cajoled to take arms against another. Sometimes they were inveigled to Constantinople by appoint. ments to the highest offices, and under the sanction of the most solemn promises, all of which were broken the moment the deluded victim was secured. In order to reduce the one most powerful vassal, a confidential and favorite officer of the Sultan was dismissed, as in disgrace, from his master's councils. He wandered for a time in poverty about the Asiatic provinces, and at length took refuge in the territory of the formidable Pacha. His apparent misery and disgrace became recommendations to protection; and his convivial qualities pro. cured him intimacy and confidence. At length a favourable moment arrived. He produced from his bosom the fatal firman, issued two years before, and having with one blow of his cimetar laid the Pacha at his feet, he returned to Constantinople to receive the reward of his perfidious loyalty. I have seen him there, in the high office of Seraskier Pacha, a venerable looking personage, with long white beard and scarlet robes, on whose arm the Sultan leant when descending from the mosque. Many such services of unscrupulous fidelity has he performed; and, to the active command he held in the grand assault upon the Janissaries in the Hippodrome may be ascribed, in good measure, its murderous success. Yet decided and remorseless as MahMeade, third daughter of John first Earl of Clanwilliam, aunt to the present Earl, and sister to the Countess of Meath. By her Ladyship, who survives him, he had issue an only son, the Right Hon. John-Hobart now Lord Howden. His Lordship was born in 1799, is a Lieut.-Colonel in the army, and a Knight of the order of the Guelph's of Hanover, of St. Anne of Russia, and the Redeemer of Greece; and his name, as Colonel Caradoc, has been well known in several services of military diplomacy. He married in June 1830, Catharine, daughter of His Excellency Paul Count Skavronsky, and great-niece of Prince Potemkin, but has no issue. LE BARON DE PRONY, July 29. At his country residence, Aonières, near Paris, aged 84, M. le Baron de Prony, Peer of France, a Foreign Member of the Royal Society of London. Gaspard-Clair-Francois-Marie Riche de Prony was born 22nd July, 1755, at Chamelet, in the present department of the Rhone. At the age of 21 he was admitted into the Ecole des Ponts et Chaussées, and soon distinguished himself by his successful application to the severer mathematical pursuits of that establishment. Perronet, at that time chief of the school, took considerable notice of him, and, in 1783, recommended him to the minister as a fit person to second himself in the important works on which he was then engaged, and which, from his advanced age, he found it too arduous to perform without help. The celebrated Monge also discovered his worth, and became his teacher in the higher branches of analysis. In 1785 M. de Proney went with Perronet to Dunkirk, to undertake the restoration of the port; and ultimately went with him to England, where they stopped some time. In 1786 M. de Prony was ordered to draw up a plan for the erection of the Pont Louis XVI. at Paris; and after being admitted, as an honorary exception, to a discussion on the subject before the Council of Ponts et Chaussées, was appointed director of the works. The Government discontinued, in 1791, the appointment of M. de Prony as assistant to M. Perronet; but, with an honourable feeling, he continued to discharge his duties as before without salary, until the death of that gentleman in 1793. During this period he had enjoyed opportunities of studying practically the greatest operations thus carried on by the State, and the amount of engineering knowledge which he had acquired was very considerable. The first volume of a work on hydraulic architecture was published by him in 1790, but he subsequently relinquished the idea of finishing the work. Towards the end of 1791 he had been named engineer in chief at Perpignan; but a few months after, on the Government deciding to draw up the Cadastre, or Great Territorial and Numerical Survey of France, he was charged with the superintendence of that immense undertaking. The political events that succeeded each other so rapidly at that period in France did not permit of his taking much part in the practical survey; but his time was fully occupied with the direction of the matter, and several other important operations were successively entrusted to his care. One of these arose from the new metrical system just then adopted, requiring that fresh trigonometrical should be calculated, adapted to all astronomical and geodesical calculations. The Government of the day, which, in some of its decisions, was guided by ideas of no small grandeur, applied to M. de Prony for the calculation of tables on the centesimal scale; and, in its instructions delivered on this occasion, desired him to take care that, "while the tables should be as exact as possible, he should make them the greatest and most imposing monument of calculation that had ever been executed or even thought of." м. de Prony, fully competent to the gigantic task, and worthy of the confidence of the State, set himself to work with the most indefatigable industry, summoning to his aid, at the same time, a large body of experienced calculators. The story goes that, wishing to find a large number of ordinary arithmeticians for the subordinate parts of the work, he took into his employment all the perruquiers of the capital whom he could find, and who, by the revolution, had been driven to great dis. tress from the total destruction of their trade. In less than two years M. de Prony had finished tables containing 10,000 sines in natural numbers to 25 places of decimals, with 7 or 8 columns of differences; 2,000 logarithms of sines and tangents calculated to 14 places of decimals, with 4 columns of differences; 10,000 logarithms relative to the proportion of sines and tangents to arcs, with 3 columns of differences, for facilitating interpolation in calculations relating to small angles; the logarithms of the first 10,000 numbers calculated to 19 places of decimals, and the logarithms of numbers from 10,000 to 200,000 calculated to 14 places of decimals, with 5 columns of |