ERRATA. The following list contains the errata which have been found during the preparation of this These have been corrected as fast as discovered, so that they do not appear in the later còpies. work. VOL. I. p. 491, 1. 9, for "3000’ read 30,000.' p. 492, l. 15 from bottom. Cape Haytien is erronePage 16, running title, for 'Abial,' read 'Abrial.” ously stated to be the capital of Hayti. p. 53, line 3, "had been previously,' read was subsequently,' and after • Massachusetts,' insert'in 1775.' VOL. III. p. 55, l. 47, ' Angelicanæ'read · Anglicanæ.' p. 89, 1. 32, Berberd' read · Berber. Page 30, 1. 1 and 2, ‘Burying-Ground' read. Buryp. 92, 1. 37, Kurerchanee' read Kureechanee.' ing-Places. p. 108, 1. 31, 'Sigismondi’ read. Sismondi.' p. 184. The view of the expense of the clergy in p. 177, ' Aliment' is placed by mistake after “All- England, compared with that of the clergy in the Souls.' rest of the world, was taken from a statement made p. 190, Almond' is put by mistake after Almoner.' during the short sway of the constitutional governp. 194, l. 4, ‘Rhætian' read 'Rhætian ;'-1. 14, ments in Spain and Portugal, when the income of 2,859) Tead (14,859.' the clergy in those countries was much reduced, and p. 202, 1. 38, Pasco' read · Vasco.' therefore is true only of that time. p. 208, l. 16, 1497 ' read • 1499;'-. 17, omit the p. 226, 1. 15 from bottom, Clerfati' read' Clerfait.' word likewise.' p. 346, 1. 10 and 11, Columbarii' read Colump. 211, J. 48, Hartford, Connecticut' should be baria.' New York.' p. 351, 1. 23, 2 vols.' read 64 vols.,' and 1825' p. 224, 'Ana Santa, a comma is wanted after "Ana.' read 1828.' p. 240, I. 1, 24,441' read '21,441.' p. 479. The qualifications of voters in New p. 250, I. 21 from bottom, strike out 'S. Tomas de York should be stated thus :-Citizenship, resiAngostura ;-i. 18 and 19 from bottom, strike out dence of a year in the state, and six months in the • 140 miles N. of Santa Fe de Bogota, on the Mag- county, immediately preceding the election. For dalena river,' and insert south side of river Orono- people of color, a freehold of $250 (the taxes on co, about 90 leagues from its mouth.' which have been paid), and three years' citizenship, p. 259, 1. 22, ‘Bidke' read • Bielke.' with residence one year immediately before the p. 260, 1. 5 from bottom, port’ read · fort.' election. p. 285, l. 40, Lamothe' read Lamotte.' p. 526, 1.9 from bottom, 'Quatremères' read p. 360, 1.2, bishop' read presbyter.' Quatremère.' p. 375, I. 28, Socinius' read "Socinug.' p. 410, Ashmole' is placed by mistaks before Ashantee.' VOL. IV. p. 450, Atooi is said to be supposed to contain 54,000 inhabitants. The population is probably not Page 28, in the paragraph headed Sentences of over 12,000. Death,' the words ' annual average' belong only to p. 474, 1. 43, 125' read 275.' the first three lines. The word total' should be P. 497, l. 41, for by Charlemagne to,' read 'to substituted in the following lines, and the words Charlemagne by.' in the whole,' now set against Scotland, in the 4th p. 499, 1. 43, for expelled from Moravia,' read line, struck out. • destroyed by the Moravians.' p. 96, I. 15, Methodicus' read Methodius.' p. 584, 1. 25, 1661' read 1611.' p. 108, 1.9 from bottom, "Bürgschafs' read * Burgschaft. p. 189, I. 29, Opite' read ' Opitz.' VOL. II. p. 199, 1. 2, Bauer' read Baner.' p. 211. The lives of the two earls of Essex will Page 20, 1. 16 from bottom, • 1530' read 1546.' be found on page 211, under the head of Devereux.' p. 75, 1. 29, Dessaix' read Desaix.' p. 292, 1.9 from bottom, -1,0000' read ' 10,000.' p. 93, 1. 4 from bottom, 4291 ' read “3733." p. 314, l. 11, miles square' read 'square miles.' Some mistakes on this page are corrected p. 348, 1. 23 from bottom, 'Lutzen' read. Bautzen.' in the note to the first page of the article ' Joseph p. 371, 1. 29, for "after March 14' read 'followBonaparte.' ing the first full moon after the vernal equinox.' p. 208, l. 4, for has described his own life at p. 396, 1. 12, for "2 hours' read 4 hours 29 minlength,' read his life has been written by M. de utes 44 seconds. Bausset ;-). 20 from bottom, -48,281' read 58,281.' p. 399, !. 27 from bottom, miles' read feet.' p. 248, 1. 20 from bottom, fór are administered by p. 524, 1. 15 from bottom, put the word "Memorial the representatives of the people,' read 'rest on a after 'Las Cases.' transfer of power by the people. p. 573, 1. 37, 'Erastostratus' read. Heratostratus.' p. 329, 1. 35, '883' read 888.' p. 608, in note, 6 lines from botton, 217 should be p. 354, 1. 15 from botlom, ‘Dover' read London.' p. 357, 1. 17 from bottom, Paris' read · Pisa.' p. 412, 1. 13, Machmud' read Mahmud.' p. 609. In this table (as given in many copies of p. 486, 1. 30, Moravia' read Moldavia.' this work), owing to an accident in printing, the VOL. XIII. 45 p. 181. 10* items in the column headed Government,' after p. 216, line 31, marquis readgeneral.' number 35, do not correspond to the countries simi- p. 263, 1. 32, plain' read plane.' larly numbered on page 608. In those copies of this p. 282, 1. 16 from bottom, - invaded read 'ceded.' work in which this mistake exists, an improved p. 292, Marlborough' is put before ‘Marl.' form of the table is given after the index to vol. v. p. 334, 1. 19, was' read is;'-1. 24, "could' read 'can.' p. 366. The value of the French metre is stated VOL. V. twice on this page with some difference. The sec ond statement is correct. Page 43, 1. 26 from bottom, 'Carey'read · Cary.' p. 387, 1. 2 from bottom, strike out the stop bep. 110, 1. 2 from bottom, balls' read bases.' tween vegetable' and physiology.' p. 129, 1. 14, rifaccimiento read 'rifacimento.' p. 451, 1. 7, 'western' read 'eastern.' p. 183, l. 16 from bottom, ‘Brauernfeind' read p. 533, 1. 20 from bottom, Marsham'road Marsh. • Baurenfeind.' man.' p. 204, 1. 27, “Louvain'read Louvel.' p. 571, article • Mona.' The marquis of Anglep. 352, 1. 20 from bottom, '86' read 56,' and '16' sea is said to have been created duke of Mona in read --16. 1831. This is a mistake. p. 390, 1. 6, 1775' read 1755.' P. 450, 1. 8 from bottom, there should be a comma instead of a period after '38.' VOL. IX. p. 480, 1. 11, 'ereceding' read preceding.' p. 542, 1. 6, Deutschen read Deutsche.' Page 303, 1. 17 from bottom, the celebrated Whitp. 559, 1. 13, 'Letteraria' read Literaria.' bread, speaker in parliament,' read Whitbread, p. 590, 1. 4 from bottom of right column, 'students' the celebrated parliamentary orator.' read members.' p. 352, last line but one, Nystädt' read Nystadt." p. 611, l. 11, for “50” read 8000.” p. 417, 1. 32, Vornehrmsten read. Vornehmsten.' p. 612, l. 13, Marquis of' read Warren.' p. 421, 1. 12 from bottom, 'as' read.or.' p. 465, 1. 14. 'Knorr read "Schnorr.' p. 501, 1. 2 from bottom, insert its removal' bo fore 'moreover.' Page 46, 1. 13, 'supreme' read 'extreme.' p. 531, 1. 17, ' Francaise' read · Francais.' p. 202, 1. 10 and 11, strike out 'the capital.' p. 587, 1. 20, and some other places in the same p. 316, 1. 12 from bottom, 'professor Stuart' read article, Chautauqua' read 'Chautauque.' • Mr. Isaac Stuart.' p. 341, I. 2 from bottom, Iber' read Iberus.' VOL. X. Page 168, 1. 12 from bottom,771, reed 171.' p. 189, 1. 13 and 21, B. C' read ' A.D.' p. 284, last line of left column, '4' read • 11. VOL. VII. p. 523, 1. 20, May' read March.' p. 604, l. 28, for 130,000,' read about 400,000, Page 78, 1. 18, persiflaeg' read persiflage. and for . 25,000,' read about 40,000.' p. 153, 1. 37, Barbeuf' read 'Babeuf.' p. 280, 1. 13 from bottom, • 1821' read • 1825.' p. 322, 1. 4 from bottom of left column, '10' read VOL. XI. 41.' P. 400, Lanfranc' is put, by accident, beforo Page 236, 1. 22, Sherzo read "Scherzo. • Land.' p. 351, 1. 8 from bottom, Bhee is said to hare p. 470, 1. 30, Spark's' read 'Sparks's.' died in 1830. He is in fact still alive (January, 1833). VOL. VII. VOL. XII. Page 59, I. 22 from bottom, 'square feet' road feet square.' Page 49, 1. 22, for ' subsequently.' read 'in 1798.' CONTENTS. Visigoths. or 66 66 ........... ...... ... 47 ... ..... 48 Page: Vortices of Descartes (see Wagons 38 5 Descartes) 28 Wagram (Battle of)...... 39 Vision (see Optics) 7 Vosges (mountains).. “ Wagtail 40 Visions ,a department in Wahabees, Wahabites, Vistula.. 8 France (see De- Wechabites.. Vitalians (see Apollinarians).“ partment) 29 Wahlenberg (George)...... 43 Vitellius (Aulus) “Voss (John Henry).. “Wahlstadt Viterbo 9 Vossius, or Vos (Gerard Wahoo (see Elm)... Vitriol, Green (see Copperas) John). 30 Waifs (see Estrays). (Oil of)... (Isaac) « Wakefield (a town) Vitruvius Pollio (Marcus) ... "Votiacks (see Finns)...... (Gilbert) Vittoria (Fernandez Guada- Votive Tables... (Mrs. Priscilla)... 44 lupe)...... “Vouet (Simon), "Walachia, or Wallachia..... (Battle of) ......... 10 Voulgarians (see Bulgaria).. " Walcheren, or Walchern.... 45 Vitus's Dance, St., or Chorea Voussoirs “ Walckenaer (baron of )..... Sancti Viti " Vow...................... "Waldeck.... Vives (Giovanni Ludovico).. 11 Vowel 31 Waldenses ...... 46 Viviani (Vincent) Voyages of Discovery (see Waldis, Burkard (see BurkVivianite (see Iron, vol. vii, Travels, and North Polar ard Waldis) p. 69)................... Expeditions)........... 32 Waldstädte 6 Waldstädtersee (see VierVliessingen (see Flushing).. “ Vries (Hieronymus van).... waldstädtersee)........ Vocal Music... “Vroon (Henry Cornelius) « Waldstein-Wartemberg.. Vogler (George Joseph)..... 12 Vulcanists................. " Wales Voice.... « Vulcanus.................. (New)........ Voice, in music.......... 14 Vulgar Era................ 33 New South (see New Voigtland 15 South Wales)..... Voiture (Vincent) tions). (Prince of)........ Volatile Oils (see Essential Vulgate...... “ Walker (John).. Oils).... Vulpinite (see Anhydrite).... “Walkyrias, or Valkyrias (see Volatility.. "Vuliure Northern Mythology)..... 49 Volcanoes Vyasa (see Indian Litera- Wall (see Architecture, vol. i, Volga (see Wolga).. 21 34 p. 331)...... Volhynia... Wall-Flower Volition (see Will) W. Wallace (sir William)..... Volney (count de). Wallachia (see Walachia)... Volpato (Giovanni).. " W (letter); 34 Wallenstein (count of)..... Volsci 22 Waadtland, or Die Waadt. 35 Waller (sir William) Volta (Alessandro). “Waal... (Edmund). Voltaic Pile (see Galvanism) 23 Wabash “ Wallingford Voltaire (Francis Marie Arou. Wach (William Charles).... “ Wallis (John). et de).. " Wachler (see Valais). " Walloons Volume .......: “ Wad, or Wadding........, “ Walmoden (Louis)..... Volumnia (see Coriolanus)...“ Wad, Black (see Manganese) “Walnut.... Volunteer " Walpole (Robert). Volutes (see Architecture, vol. Wagenaar (John) (Horace) i, p. 340)...... “ Wagering, Policies (see In- Walpurga, Walburga, 36 Walpurgis Vondel (Joost van der)..... 28 Wages... " Walrus Vorarlberg · “ Wagner (Ernest) 38 Walsall..... Vorstius (Conrad). “Wagnerite..... " Walsingham (Thomas of )... Wampum 46 Was 6 .............. 66 .................. " Wax 125 ........... Walsingham (sir Francis)... 60 Water Cements (see Ce- Weimar (Charles Augustus) 11! 61 90 (Bernard) Walther of the Vogelweide.. Holy (see Holy Weinsberg Water)......... “ Weishaupt (Adam).. “ Weiss (Christian Samuel).. 113 91 Weisse (Christian Felix)... Waltz “ Water-Melon (see Melon).. « Welcker (Frederic Theophi“ Water-Snake (see Serpent) lus) Wandering 63 Waterford « Weld (see Wald).... Wanker (Ferdinand Gemini- Waterlanders (see Anabap- Welding an).. tists) Welding Heat ......... Wapatoo Island............ Waterloo (a village). 4 Well.. Wapping (Anthony) 93 Welland Canal (see Inland “ Waterspout (see Whirl Navigation) War, Private, or Club Law 64 wind). “ Wellesley (marquis of).... War, Northern (see Northern Waterville “ Wellington (duke of)...... 115 War)...... 65 Watlingstreet.... “ Wells... 117 of 1812-1815 (see Rus- Watson (Richard)... • Welser (family). sian-German War)... “ (Robert).. 94 Wen... 118 of Thirty Years (see Walt (James).... " Wenceslaus Thirty Years' War).. “ Watteau (Antoine)... 95 Wends.. 119 Peasants’, or Rural (see Wattel (see Valtel). * Wentworth (see Strafford). 122 Peasants' War)......" Watts (Isaac)..... Werf (Adrian van der).... “ Warbeck (Perkin)... Wave “ Werner (Abraham Gottlob) Warburton (William).. Wavellite 96 Wesel 122 Ward (Artemas). 66 Waverley Novels (see Scott, Weser Wareham 67 “ Wesley (John)..... (Charles) 124 Warham (William)........ “ Wesseling (Peter). Warmbrunn... Figures.... 97 Wessenberg (Ignatius HenWarnefridus (see Paul the Wax-Myrtle, or Bayberry.. 98 ry von).... Deacon) Wax Painting (see Encaus- Wessex.. Warp (in manufactures).... tic Painting)....... 99 West (Gilbert). (a rope).... Sealing (see Sealing- Benjamin)... Warren (sir Peter). Wax) « West India Apricot (see 128 Warrington..... 68 Weaning 101 West Indies... Warsaw ........ “ Weapons (see Arms)..... West Point.... 129 Wart 69 Wear.. Prussia. 130 Wartburg “ Wearmouth, Bishop's, and Westall (Richard).. Islands (see Heb- rides, and Azores) 135 Warwick (a town)......... Weaving University (see (Henry William).. " Westerwald 106 Westminster.. 136 vus I).... “ Wechabites (see Wahabees) “Westphalia.... 137 Order of (see Sweden)" Wedderburn (Alexander). . Duchy of Westphalia.... Wash (see Brewing). "Wedding, Wedlock (see Circle of Westphalia..... Washes.. Marriage, and Husband Kingdom of Westphalia.. Washing of Ores (see Mining, and Wife).... The Prussian Province of vol. viii, p. 504)... “ Wedekind (baron von).... Westphalia..... 139 Washington (capital of the U. Wedge (sce Mechanics)... “ Westphalia (Peace of)..... States).. “ Wedgwood (Josiah)... t Wethersfield Prison (see 107 Prison Discipline)....... 140 Wetstein 141 William Augus- Weeninx (John Baptist).... “ Wette (William Martin Letine)..... 81 Weevil 108 berecht de). Islands, or Ingra- Wegscheider (Julius Augus- Wetter 149 ham Islands 82 Wettin (counts of)....... 109 Roger): Washita “ Weigelians “ Weymouth Weights " Wezlar Wassanah French Measures of Whale Waste-Book (see Book-keep- Weight Fishery 146 ing). English Measures 118 Wai Tyler, or Walter the Ty- Weight Wharton (marquis of) .... ler Ancient Weights. 111 duke of)........ Waich and Clock Making... 84 Weigl (Joseph). " Wheat Watelet (Claude Henry).... 85 Weimar (Saxe): Wheel and Axle (see Me- (a town)... 149 Waters (Mineral).. 86 (Anna Amalia .... Wheel-Work 66 u Will ..... ................ 66 ........ Wheels, Wheel Carriages Wild Rice............... 174 Winkelried (Arnold von)... 218 (see Locomotion) 150 Wilhelmshöhe “ Winkler (John Henry)..... 219 Water (see Hy. Wilken (Frederic) 175 Winnipeck, or Winnipeg.. draulics). Wilkes (John). “ Winnipiseogee. Wheeler (sir George). Wilkie (William)...... 176 Winter... Wheeling (David).. 177 -Solstice (see Solstice)" Wherry (see Boat): ....... 151 Wilkins (John). (John William de).. Whet Slate (see Slate).... (Peter von).. 220 Whey (see Milk).... -, or Testament... * Winterburger (John) Whigs and Tories.......... “Willamov (John Theophilus) 183 Winterfeld (Hans Charles Whip..... 153 Willdenow (Charles Louis) “ von).. Whipping (see Flagella- Wille (John George) "Winthrop (John)........... tion)..... William 1 of England. “ Wipperthal. 221 Whipple (William). II 185 Wire-Drawing III « Wire of Lapland..... Whirligig IV 187 Wiring (see Sturdy). Whirlpool. I the younger..... 188 Wirtemberg (see Wartem- I of Hesse.... 191 berg) 155 - I of the Netherlands 192 Wisbaden, or Wiesbaden. Whist... (crown-prince of the Wisconsin (see Ouisconsin). “ Whiston (William). 156 Netherlands) 194 Wisdom, Book of (see SiWhitaker (John). “ Williams (Roger).......... rach) Whitbread (Samuel) 157 William) 196 Wishart (George)... (Otho Holland).. “Wishtonwish (see Marmot). 222 (Daniel) (Helen Maria)... Wismar.. White (see Colors)....... “ Williamsburg: 197 Wistar (Caspar).. (Henry Kirke). « Williamson (Hugh)........ "Wit 223 Ants (see Termites). 158 Williamstown.... 198|Witch, Witchcraft. 2225 Horse Vale........ “Wilmington (town in Dela- Wither (George)........... Lead (see Ceruse).. ware) “ Withering (William)...... 226 Mountains (town in North Witherspoon (see Appendix, 199 end of this volume)... “ Witt, De (see De Witt)... Sea « Wilson (Richard)... " Witte (Charles)... Swelling, or Hydar (James) “ Wittekind, or Witikind.... tbrus (Alexander)....... 200 Wittenagemote (see_Great Thorn (see Haw sir Robert Thomas) 201 Britain, division English thorn).......... 160 (John).. ..... 202 Constitution)... “ Wittenburg 227 Whiteball ...... 161 Winckel (Theresa Emilia Woad “ Woden, or Odin.......... 228 Whitehaven “ Winekelmann (John Joa- Woffington (Margaret)..... Whitehead (George). chim) " Wohlgemuth (Michael).... (Paul).. “ Winckelried (see Winkel- Woiwode William).... ried)...... 206 Wolcot (John) Whitelock (Bulstrode)..... 163 Wind « Wolcott Oliver), .229 Whitewood (see Tulip-Tree) “ Wind Instruments (see In- Wold, Weld, Yellow Weed, Whiting (a fish). struments)........... 208 or Dyer's Weed « Wole... Windpipe 209 Wolf Whitney (Eli). WindSails............... 210 (Christian Frederic Whitsuntide (see Pentecost, Windermere.. von).. and Sunday) 166 Windham, sir William (see (Frederic Augustus). Whitworth (earl).. Wyndham)... (Arnoldina)....... 232 Wickliff, Wiclef, or De William (see Ap Wolfe (James).. (Charles)........ 233 Wicquefort (Abraham de).. 168 Window « Wolfenbüttel (in Vermont)..... wife). 234 Wied (see Neu Wied).... 170 (in England).. 211 (prince of Anhalt)“ Wieland (Christopher Mar Casile.... Wolf (Joseph). tin) "Windward Islands ...... « Wolfram (see Tungsten)... 235 Wieliczka... 171 von Eschenbach Wier's Cave (see Cave)... 172 Wine (see Eschenbach, and Wife (see Husband and Wines, Ancient and Mod. Wartburg) 216 Wolga, or Volga.... 218 Wolke (Christian Henry)... ...... 173 Winged... Wollaston (William)..... Wight (Isle of)............ Wings (William Hyde) “ Wigwam. “ Wingolf (see Northern My- Wollastonite (see Tabular Wilberforce (William).. thology). Spar). 236 |