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the knowledge of the existence of sandstones and tough sandy shales at corresponding horizons along the river. A study of the Lower Coal Measure sections given on previous pages will reveal this.

The Winsor Shaft is about three miles west of Corder, just south of the railway track. This shaft is now abandoned, and the following record was obtained from Capt. Smith, of Corder:

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The Bonanza Coal Company's shaft is about a half a mile beyond the Winsor shaft to the west, and is also on the Alton railway. This shaft is still in operation. The following record was furnished by Mr. Brandeau, the owner of the mine, but the coal and associated strata were measured by Mr. Gluck :

SECTION XXVIII.

RECORD OF BONANZA COAL CO.'S SHAFT, WEST OF CORDER.

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4.

5.

Shale, with limestone intercalated in layers about 8 in. thick....
Limestone, hard...

8

6

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North of this, in the same township, we have no records other than extremely short ones including a few strata immediately associated with the coal beds. These will be described later under the division of Economic Geology.

South of the Chicago and Alton railway, between it and Davis creek, the Middle Coal Measure rocks extend from a short distance above the waters of that creek to the summits of the hills. Only a few sections were obtained here, however, over and above those of coal beds and the immediately associated rocks.

In the railway cut near the hill summit, about a mile southeast of Aullville, Broadhead gives the following section :*

SECTION XXIX.

SECTION IN RAILWAY CUT SOUTHEAST OF AULLVILLE.

(From Broadhead.) Top of section is at an altitude of about 800 feet A. T.

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7. Clay, black, with plant remains and selenite crystals

8. Clay, blue, fossiliferous, with P. costatus and Athyris subtilita.... 9. Clay, blue

10.

......

Limestone, gray, thick bedded, rough; in the upper part it abounds, in Fusulina cylindrica, also contains Pleurotomaria, Athyris and Crinoid stems; and minute dolomite crystals. This limestone is probably hydraulic.

Total thickness

3

5

61 42 6 10

12

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The recent observationss of the Survey since made at this locality confirm the accuracy of this section.

West of this cut the country sinks rapidly and the base of the Middle Coal Measures is not far beneath the surface. In the drill-hole sunk at Aullville, of which the record is given as Section XV, a few of the lower members are included.

About a mile west of Aullville, at the foot of the hills, on the edge of the Davis creek alluvial plain, a drill-hole was put down by Messrs. Roberts and Parker, of which the following is a record, as obtained from the driller's notes:

• Report Missouri Geological Survey, 1872, Part II, p. 46.

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Immediately west of this drill-hole the country is occupied by the Warrensburg sandstone for a distance of between one and two miles. West of this area we again pass into the Upper Coal Measures which are exposed and penetrated by shafts along Rocky branch, west of Higginsville. The following section of one of the shafts from this vicinity will suffice to show the succession of rocks there :

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Interval to base of Middle Coal Measures 25 or more feet.

Total thickness

108

0

THE WARRENSBURG SANDSTONE.

The Warrensburg sandstone occupies the western portion of the sheet; the total area represented is about 39 square miles. It derives its name from the town of Warrensburg, a few miles south, in Johnson county, where this formation attains a great development. It consists of a great body of sandstone, changing irregularly into shale and shaly sandstone, with no coal or limestone beds interstratified. Its relations to the surrounding Coal Measures is peculiar; it does not overlie these strata, but cuts across them, apparently occupying a depression which once existed where the sandstone now is. The north-most exposure of this formation is at the mouth of Tabo creek, on the Missouri river. Reference to sandstone at this point has already been made (page 36), and its lithological characteristics are well described in Sec. XX and in Sec. XXI on page 36. Certain discrepancies in these sections are alluded to on this page. They arise partly from the fact that Sec. XXI is undoubtedly not a continuous section, and must have been compiled from measurements made at different points. We maintain that the coal and limestone do not overlie the great body of sandstone developed at the mouth of Tabo, but they are both at the same level. This relationship is well displayed in the railway cut at the mouth of Tabo and is illustrated in the cross section sketch entitled, Detail Section No. 1, on the section sheet. In the horizontal extension of the coal and limestone strata at the west end of the sketch, is a large exposure of arenaceous, micaceous shale of the Warrensburg sandstone. The approximate position of the line of contact is indicated on the sketch. The down curving of the heavy bed of limestone near the base may be attributed to a settling or "creeping" of this rock down the side of the hollow before the sandstone was deposited. The coal and limestone outcrop is close to the mouth of Tabo creek, on the east bank. West of the creek the sandstone occurs again in the bluffs. This limestone and coal exposure of the Middle Coal

Measures is, hence, of the nature of an island, or possibly of a peninsular surrounded by these arenaceous deposits.

North of the Missouri the exact outline of the formation cannot be defined, inasmuch as all exposures are hidden under the alluvial deposits of the river.

South from the river the limits are traced, on the one side, by well records in the sandstone and surface exposures of that rock; and, on the other side, by exposures of limestone and coal, or openings in the last. The distribution of such exposures and openings is clearly shown on the large map.

The Dinwiddee well in Dover, was drilled to a depth of 80 feet, of which the upper 60 feet were in soil and clay and the lower 20 feet in sandstone.

West and southeast of Dover are several exposures of sandstone which are located on the map, and which are described by Mr. Gilbert Van Ingen as follows:

On the western edge of the town, in the northeastern quarter of section 30, he finds 15 feet of non-fossiliferous, yellowish, gray, disintegrated, micaceous sandstone. This is not far north of the Dinwiddee well and, by reference to the topographic map, it will be seen that such an outcrop here must be about the 800 feet contour line. The altitude of the Lexington coal bed in adjacent sections is about 760 feet; hence this sandstone occupies the hypsometric position of the strata overlying this coal.

In the northeastern quarter of section 20, northeast of the town, he reports 20 feet of the same sandstone; and in the northeastern quarter of section 32 he locates another outcrop.

The Hutchison* well (40 feet deep), north of Dover, in section 13, township 50 N., 26 W., is only 40 feet deep, and is chiefly in superficial material. Sandstone was encountered here near the bottom of the hole. The altitude of the top of the well is about 800 feet A. T.; while that of the Lexington coal bed, less than two miles to the east, is about 780 feet.

*The information concerning the results obtained by drilling at this point, as well as at others in this sandstone belt, hereinafter cited, was kindly furnished by Messrs. Newland and George, well drillers of Higginsville, Mo.

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