Leptoplana atomata, Oerst. Entw. Plattw. 49. f. 24 (the stylette). Planaria maculata (atomata?), Dalyell, Pow. Creat. ii. 104. pl. 14. Hab. Shores of Scotland, under stones between tide-marks. 5. L. ellipsis, oval, with an even margin, reddish, plain or speckled, with a dark mesial line; eye-clusters irregular. Length 5""; breadth 3"". Planaria ellipsis, Dalyell, Pow. Creat. ii. 101, pl. 14. f. 9–16. Hab. Coast of Scotland, Dalyell. 2. EURYLEPTA, Ehrenberg, 1831. Eurylepta, Oersted, Entw. Plattw. 50. Diesing, Syst. Helm. i. 208. Char. Body flat and broad, the front with two tentacula continuous with the body: eyes many, clustered on the neck: mouth ventral, anterior. 1. E. cornuta, oblong, with a wavy margin, yellowish on the dorsal surface, paler underneath, and spotted with white; tentacula elongate and filiform. Length 5-6""; breadth 2"". Planaria cornuta, Müll. Zool. Dan. Prod. 2681; Zool. Dan. i. 37. Hab. The coralline region, rare. 2. E. Dalyellii, oval, with an even margin, from cream-yellow to ruddy orange, veined dendritically, or uniform; tentacula submarginal, short, triangulate; eyes numerous, clustered at the base of the tentacula. Length 5-15""; breadth 2-4"". Planaria cornuta, Dalyell, Pow. Creat. ii. 97. pl. 14. f. 1-4, and pl. 15 (embryo). Hab. The coralline region. It lurks in the crevices of empty shells; or, usually, lies buried in mud. Apparently not rare on the coast of Scotland, Dalyell. Berwick Bay, Dr. Johnston. 3. E. sanguinolenta, ovate or oval, reddish-brown, veined, with a darker mesial line; tentacula marginal, short, triangular, acute; eyes numerous, in two clusters, coalescent in front. Length 8-10""; breadth 5-6"". Planaria cornuta, Johnston in Loud. Mag. Nat. Hist. v. 344. f. 79. Proceros sanguinolentus, Quatrefages in Ann. des Sc. nat. iv. 138. pl. 4. f. 4 (1845). Eurylepta sanguinolenta, Dies. Syst. Helm. i. 209. Hab. The coralline region. 4. E. vittata, ovate, dilated in front, rounded behind, sinuous on the margin, yellowish, with ten or twelve parallel concentric dark lines, the centre white with a median black line; tentacula earlike, triangulate, speckled with black dots. Length 2"; breadth 1". Planaria vittata, Montagu in Linn. Trans. xi. 25. pl. 5. f. 3. Lam. An. s. Vert. iii. 180; 2de edit. iii. 608. W. Thompson in Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. v. 247, and xviii. 392. Harvey, Sea-Book, 157. fig. Proceros cristatus, Quatrefages in Ann. des Sc. nat. iv. 139. pl. 3. f. 7. (1845). Eurylepta vittata, Dies. Syst. Helm. i. 209. Eurylepta cristata, Dies. Syst. Helm. i. 210. Hab. The coralline region. (a) Falmouth, J. Cranch. 3. PLANOCERA. Planocera, Blainville in Dict. des Sc. nat. lvii. 578 (1828). Oersted, Stylochus, Dies. Syst. Helm. i. 215. Char. Body flat, with a smooth dorsal surface and an entire margin: a pair of contractile tentacula on the back in front, with or without eyes at their base: mouth with a short proboscis lobed or crenate at the orifice. 1. Pl. folium, broadly ovate, yellowish-brown, veined and reticulate, with a linear-oblong pinnated mesial spot; tentacula short, obtuse, with a small cluster of eyes near the base. Length 17""; breadth 11". Stylochus folium, Grube, Actin. 51. f. 12 (1840). Dies. Syst. Helm. i. 216. Planocera folium, Oersted, Entw. Plattw. 48. Hab. The coralline region. Berwick Bay. Obs. I have seen a single specimen of which a figure was made just when diffluence had begun; but the process had proceeded too far before leisure was afforded of making a description. The specimen agreed very well with Grube's figure. Fam. II. PLANARIADÆ. DENDROCŒLA, Oersted, Entw. Plattw. 50. Ray Soc. Zool. Rep. 1847, 518. Obs. The body is oblong, flattish, with an entire margin. The circular mouth is on the ventral surface near its centre; and the proboscis is often extruded when hunger presses, and food is proffered. The eyes are separate, either in a linear series or in pairs. The motion is quick and continuous. The food is derived from other soft animals or from the parenchyma of plants. They have great powers of repairing wounds, and of reproducing amputated parts. They are not subject to diffluence in dying. They multiply both by self-division and by ova, which are included within a coloured capsule previous to their exclusion, and for some time afterwards. They pass through no metamorphosis. Lacustrine and marine. 4. POLYCELIS, Ehrenberg, 1831. Polycelis, Diesing, Syst. Helm. i. 191. E. Blanchard in Ann. des Sc. nat. viii. 271 (1847). Char. Body flattish, oblong, even and smooth, with a linear series of eyes around the anterior margin which is truncate: oral proboscis long and cylindrical, with a plain orifice. Lacustrine. 1. P. nigra, of a uniform velvet-black colour, the front sinuated with two marginal and a central projection. Length 5""; breadth 14" Limaces aquatiques noires, Trembley, Mem. Polyp. 127. pl. 7. f. 9 (1744). Fasciola nigra, Müll. Verm. i. ii. 54. Planaria nigra, Müll. Zool. Dan. Prod. 221; Zool. Dan. iii. 48. tab. 109. f. 3, 4. Turt. Gmel. iv. 61. Turt. Brit. Faun. 128. Bosc, Vers, i. 297. Dalyell on Planariæ, 23. f. 3-5, and 15. Johnson in Phil. Trans. 1825, 254. pl. 16. f. 9–11. Lam. An. s. Vert. iii. 178; 2de edit. iii. 606. Dugés in Ann. des Sc. nat. xv. 143. pl. 4. f. 10, 15. W. Thompson in Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. xviii. 389. Oersted, Entw. Plattw. 54. Dalyell, Pow. Creat. ii. 122. pl. 15. f. 18, 19 (the ova). Hirudo nigra, Kirby in Linn. Trans. ii. 317. Planaria fusca, Penn. Brit. Zool. iv. 68 (1812). Polycelis nigra, Diesing, Syst. Helm. i. 191. Hab. Lakes, ditches and rivulets, in pure water, everywhere. It attains a greater size in stagnant than in running water. (a) The Whiteadder, Berwickshire, Dr. Johnston. 2. P. brunnea, dusky brown, with a dark mesial line; obtusely triangulate in front. Length 4-5""; breadth 1"". Fasciola brunnea, Müll. Verm. i. ii. 54. Planaria brunnea, Müll. Zool. Dan. Prod. 221. Turt. Gmel. iv. 61. Planaria paniculata, Dalyell, Planar. 37. f. 6, 7. Hab. Ponds. Proceros sanguinolentus, Quatrefages in Ann. des Sc. nat. iv. 138. pl. 4. f. 4 (1845). Eurylepta sanguinolenta, Dies. Syst. Helm. i. 209. Hab. The coralline region. 4. E. vittata, ovate, dilated in front, rounded behind, sinuous on Proceros cristatus, Quatrefages in Ann. des Eurylepta vittata, Dies. Syst. Helm. i. 209. Hab. The coralline region. (a) Falmouth, J. Cranch. 3. PLANOCERA. xi. 25. pl. 5. f. 3. Lam. W. Thompson in Ann. & Harvey, Sea-Book, 157. Sc. nat. iv. 139. pl. 3. f. 7. Planocera, Blainville in Dict. des Sc. nat. lvii. 578 (1828). Oersted, Stylochus, Dies. Syst. Helm. i. 215. Char. Body flat, with a smooth dorsal surface and an entire margin: a pair of contractile tentacula on the back in front, with or without eyes at their base: mouth with a short proboscis lobed or crenate at the orifice. 1. Pl. folium, broadly ovate, yellowish-brown, veined and reticulate, with a linear-oblong pinnated mesial spot; tentacula short, obtuse, with a small cluster of eyes near the base. Length 17""; breadth 11". Stylochus folium, Grube, Actin. 51. f. 12 (1840). Dies. Syst. Helm. i. 216. Planocera folium, Oersted, Entw. Plattw. 48. Hab. The coralline region. Berwick Bay. Obs. I have seen a single specimen of which a figure was made just when diffluence had begun; but the process had proceeded too far before leisure was afforded of making a description. The specimen agreed very well with Grube's figure. Fam. II. PLANARIADÆ. DENDROCŒLA, Oersted, Entw. Plattw. 50. Ray Soc. Zool. Rep. 1847, 518. Obs. The body is oblong, flattish, with an entire margin. The circular mouth is on the ventral surface near its centre; and the proboscis is often extruded when hunger presses, and food is proffered. The eyes are separate, either in a linear series or in pairs. The motion is quick and continuous. The food is derived from other soft animals or from the parenchyma of plants. They have great powers of repairing wounds, and of reproducing amputated parts. They are not subject to diffluence in dying. They multiply both by self-division and by ova, which are included within a coloured capsule previous to their exclusion, and for some time afterwards. They pass through no metamorphosis. Lacustrine and marine. 4. POLYCELIS, Ehrenberg, 1831. Polycelis, Diesing, Syst. Helm. i. 191. E. Blanchard in Ann. des Sc. nat. viii. 271 (1847). Char. Body flattish, oblong, even and smooth, with a linear series of eyes around the anterior margin which is truncate: oral proboscis long and cylindrical, with a plain orifice. Lacustrine. 1. P. nigra, of a uniform velvet-black colour, the front sinuated with two marginal and a central projection. Length 5""; breadth 1". Limaces aquatiques noires, Trembley, Mem. Polyp. 127. pl. 7. f. 9 (1744). Fasciola nigra, Müll. Verm. i. ii. 54. Planaria nigra, Müll. Zool. Dan. Prod. 221; Zool. Dan. iii. 48. tab. 109. f. 3, 4. Turt. Gmel. iv. 61. Turt. Brit. Faun. 128. Bosc, Vers, i. 297. Dalyell on Planariæ, 23. f. 3-5, and 15. Johnson in Phil. Trans. 1825, 254. pl. 16. f. 9-11. Lam. An. s. Vert. iii. 178; 2de edit. iii. 606. Dugés in Ann. des Sc. nat. xv. 143. pl. 4. f. 10, 15. W. Thompson in Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. xviii. 389. Oersted, Entw. Plattw. 54. Dalyell, Pow. Creat. ii. 122. pl. 15. f. 18, 19 (the ova). Hirudo nigra, Kirby in Linn. Trans. ii. 317. Planaria fusca, Penn. Brit. Zool. iv. 68 (1812). Polycelis nigra, Diesing, Syst. Helm. i. 191. Hab. Lakes, ditches and rivulets, in pure water, everywhere. It attains a greater size in stagnant than in running water. (a) The Whiteadder, Berwickshire, Dr. Johnston. 2. P. brunnea, dusky brown, with a dark mesial line; obtusely triangulate in front. Length 4-5""; breadth 1". Fasciola brunnea, Müll. Verm. i. ii. 54. Planaria brunnea, Müll. Zool. Dan. Prod. 221. Turt. Gmel. iv. 61. Planaria paniculata, Dalyell, Planar. 37. f. 6, 7. Hab. Ponds. |