raised quite half a yard above the road, so that any foundations of the Cross, should there be such remaining, will be at a considerable depth.

The Cross itself was a boundary cross, facing Carleton, and occupying the small recess near the top of the hill in which "Rest and be Thankful" was placed about a quarter of a century ago, and which at one time was even more spacious than at present. A wayfarer seated on this seat at the end of Swan-hill flat, which is the last close in Pontefract, has Carleton before him as on a map, and a Cross at this point must have been seen to great advantage from a considerable distance to the south, east and west. But there is now no trace or vestige of it; there are no traces even of its name on any of the neighbouring plots, and its existence had been completely and entirely forgotten until my examination of Robert Austwick's will recovered its memory. Even then, however, there were but slight indications of its precise locality, and it was only after many sites had been tentatively examined and rejected as not meeting all the conditions that I was able to fix upon this position as the most likely. And then all circumstances favoured the selection. The site exactly corresponds with those of two other similar crosses, of the position of which there can be no doubt, and now this bouldered road helps to complete the testimony.

The road, at that position, moreover, illustrates in a very peculiar manner the way in which such Anglian towns as Pontefract were approached. The traveller from the south, for instance, coming to the town, having left Carleton, passed through an outlying portion of Pontefract, then again a Carleton plot, and finally entered Pontefract at what is now the Bar Terrace. And this system of having interlocking lands was probably adopted as a help in some way to the defence and security of the place, in connection with which it may be remarked, that a portion of such interlocking lands had the name of greave attached, and that in many cases the lands are so called at the present day. So leaving Pontefract at the Bar Terrace, to go southward, the traveller passed through a piece of Carleton, which extended to the left within very well-defined boundaries. He then reached Swan-hill Lane, where he passed through a similar piece of Pontefract, which had half an acre's extent to his right, though the boundaries have been (quite of recent

years) destroyed. The position is, however, clearly defined by the singular presence of two adjoining gates to the same field, one of which leads to the Pontefract portion and the other to the half acre which pays rates to Carleton. The termination of this Carleton portion was in the Middle Ages fixed by the Carleton Cross, and it is now ascertained by the position of "Rest and be Thankful."

There were, it may be interesting to know, two other such boundary crosses in different parts of the borders of Pontefract, and, as I have said, in somewhat similar positions to that to which I have assigned the Carleton Cross. All three may be attributed to the 12th century, but of only one of them are there any remains. This is the bed of a shaft which has been called Stump Cross for centuries, probably since its demolition; but its original name, as recorded in the Pontefract Chartulary, was Ralph's Cross, and it was the boundary between Ferrybridge and Pontefract, on the road to Ferrybridge. A pretended engraving of three sides of the shaft of this Cross is given in Bishop Gough's Camden (III. 32, plate ii., 1789), which is reproduced in Fox's History of Pontefract, with an inaccurate reference. But the Bishop does not state his authority.

The third such cross was on the lower Darrington Road, that from the Old Church neighbourhood, which was a part of the old turnpike road from Wentbridge to Ferrybridge. It was the boundary between the last-named place and that outlying portion of Pontefract which is called the Greave Field. All, it will be observed, were upon the high roads to Carleton, to Ferrybridge, and to Darrington respectively.

RICHARD HOLMES.

Pontefract.

LXIII.

THE LATE REV. DANIEL HENRY HAIGH.

MR. G. D. LUMB, writing to Notes and Queries (8th S., vii. 102), points out what appears to be a mistake in my obituary notice of Father Haigh in the Yorks. Arch. Journal, vol. vi. p. 53. "The notice states that before joining the Roman Church on Jan. 1st, 1847, Mr. Haigh had in great part built a new

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church, dedicated to All Saints, in York Road, Leeds." do not now remember what was my authority for this statement, whether or not The Tablet for May 24th, 1879, from which I gathered some particulars. But it would seem from The Leeds Intelligencer of November 2nd, 1850, that the foundation-stone was laid October 28th, 1846, the site having been purchased from a portion of an offertory at the consecration of St. Saviour's, and that Mr. Haigh had offered to build a church at a cost of £15,000. Mr. Haigh's secession, two months afterwards, involved the withdrawal of this offer; he spent the £15,000 on a handsome place of worship for Roman Catholics, at Erdington, near Birmingham; and the church at Leeds having been endowed by the Ecclesiastical Commissioners, was paid for by funds raised by the Rev. W. Randall, the first incumbent, and a committee of twelve gentlemen in the town.

J. T. F.