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lofty, but has the usual amount of pews and galleries. The nave has seven pointed arches on each side. The piers on the south are alternately circular and octagonal; on the north, some are circular, some clustered. The ceiling of the nave is pannelled with gilt bosses, the ribs springing from shafts on corbels. In the chancel and the aisles the ceilings are rather richer than in the nave. The arch to the chancel is wide; within it is a fine wood screen, but of defaced character; there are parclose screens in the side of the chancel of better design, also the original stalls. The chancel has five arches, with octagonal piers on each side, and a clerestory as the nave. There are several monuments to the Pilkingtons at the east end of the south aisle. There are a few bits of stained glass and a marble altar. The font is octagonal, bearing the date 1661. There is an organ of considerable size at the west end.

ROTHWELL.

This church consists of a nave with side aisles, a chancel with north aisle, and a western tower, which last is embattled and crowned with four crocketed pinnacles, and has a niche over the west window. The prevailing features are Perpendicular. The south aisle and clerestory are also embattled and enriched with crocketed pinnacles, and the south aisle, the porch, and the tower have an odd kind of machicolation under the parapet. The windows have been nearly all despoiled of their tracery. Those of the clerestory are square-headed, of two lights. The north aisle and the chancel are modern. The nave opens to the south aisle by five pointed arches on low octagonal piers. The modern arches on the north side and the fitting up of the chancel is in a kind of Gothic form. The font is an octagonal basin, resembling that at Wakefield, with the date 1662, and surmounted by a high cover of wood. There are north, south, and west galleries, and an organ.

PONTEFRACT.

1833. The ruined church of All Hallows must, when complete, have been a noble structure. The plan is cruciform, including a nave with aisles, a north and south transept, each

having a western aisle, and a chancel which had once a south aisle and a small north chapel. In the centre is a massive square tower, with double belfry windows of Perpendicular character, an open battlement, and four crocketed pinnacles, from which rises a lofty octagon having pinnacles at the angles, the whole forming a rather singular but imposing steeple. There are Decorated and Perpendicular features, but none of earlier date. The nave and the chancel are in a state of ruin, but the transept has been roofed in and fitted up for divine service. The nave is divided from the aisle by four pointed arches, with octagonal pillars. The clerestory windows, two over each arch, are Perpendicular, of two lights. There are north and south porches. The windows

of the aisles of the nave seem to have been Perpendicular, but have lost their tracery. The west window is very large, and early in the style; the arch of the west doorway reaches above its sill. The southern windows of the chancel are Decorated. The tower arches are large and fine, upon piers having a kind of pilasters with foliated capitals. The transepts having been recently new roofed, form the present church, and the restoration is on the whole neat. There is groining very well executed; and the windows of this portion are all Perpendicular, that at the south end of five lights, at the north of three; there is also a clerestory. The seats and galleries are of Gothic pattern. A half-hexagon recess is thrown out eastward of the tower, for the altar, which is of correct form and well executed. The pulpit is also neat. The font has been restored, and is Perpendicular, octagonal pannelled with shields and foliage.

SKELTON. 12

This beautiful little church is a perfect specimen of enriched Early English work. It consists of a nave and chancel, with small side aisles of equal length, included under one high-pitched general roof. In the centre, just over the chancel arch, is an open bell turret, rising to a peaked gable, and pierced with a double lancet arch upon a central pier of clustered shafts, and having on the head, between the two

12 This church is described and engraved in "The Churches of Yorkshire, No. 3." The general features resemble

almost exactly the transepts of York Minster. The effect of the high sloping roof is admirable,

lights, a circle containing a quatrefoil, and enriched with the toothed ornament. The whole is crowned by a cross of the same style. The south doorway is extremely elegant; the arch deeply recessed with mouldings, some containing the toothed ornament, and shafts, with capitals of varied but finely executed foliage. The doorway is surmounted by a curious triangular pediment, rising considerably above the parapet of the circle, and crowned at its apex by a cross. There are three lancet windows on the north and south sides, with dripstones continued along the small buttresses, and enriched with the tooth moulding. The west end has a long single lancet in the centre, and one smaller at the end of each aisle, in the gable above the middle window, a circular one, all of which are moulded with the toothed ornament. Between the windows are buttresses with triangular heads. The east end has three equal lancets in the centre, with very rich arch mouldings and shafts, flanked by two buttresses, and a single lancet east of each aisle. Over the triple lancet, in the east gable, is a window, in shape a vesica piscis, with toothed mouldings. Both east and west gables are terminated by crosses. The north doorway is plainer than the south, and hidden internally by a monument. The interior is very elegant, and in good condition, much care and expense having been bestowed upon it. The nave is divided from each of its little low aisles by two fine pointed arches, with piers of four clustered shafts having toothed moulding in the capitals. The chancel has one similar arch on each side. The whole is groined in wood, which is modern, but not ill conceived, in the Early English style. The windows terminating the aisles are larger than the others, but all have internally elegant mouldings, and the dripstones toothed and continued as a string course. The triple east window has toothed dripstone and similar arch mouldings, with banded detached shafts, having foliated capitals. The chancel arch resembles those opening to the aisles. The west window in ornament much resembles the eastern; all the ornaments are beautifully executed. On the south side of the altar is a trefoil niche with toothed dripstone, containing a piscina with eight foil orifice, and the basin elegantly moulded. On the north side is a square aumbrye or locker, and at the north-east angle of the chancel, an Early English bracket, probably for a candle

or image. The font is a small octagon of Early English character, but very plain, and the sides sloped off to meet the shaft. The interior is unfortunately fitted up with pews, though very neat, and restored by Mrs. Thompson at considerable expense.

ST. MARY MAGDALENE, THIRSK.

This is a fine church, wholly Perpendicular, and very regular and uniform, consisting of a west tower, and a nave and chancel, with side aisles to the nave only. The tower is large and plain, with strong buttresses, and an embattled parapet. The west window of three lights, as also those of the belfry. Over the west window a small niche containing figures. No west door. There is a south porch of two stories, with the springing of stone ribs for groining. The doorway has good continuous mouldings. The battlement on the whole of the church is pierced, and the buttresses crowned by pinnacles. The interior is lofty and fine, and the tower arch is fine and open. The windows of the aisles are of three lights and large, and those of the clerestory of the nave also of three lights. The nave has six fine arches on each side, with clustered piers of four shafts. The roof of the nave and aisles has some good wood tracery and enriched bosses. The east ends of the aisles are enclosed by wood screens. The chancel is raised on several steps, and below it is a vaulted chamber used as a grammar school. The chancel arch is low and has been altered. The east window a fine one of five lights, the side windows of three lights, with contracted arches, and of late period. South of the altar are three good sedilia, cinquefoiled with square flowers in the mouldings, and pinnacles between them. The base is pannelled. East of the sedilia is a niche with water drain. There is There is a little stained glass in the aisle windows of rich colouring. The font is a plain octagon basin, with a lofty wood cover of tabernacle work. The organ is in a modern Gothic case, but only played by barrels.

ST. NICHOLAS, DUNNINGTON.

1834. This church in its original state was a small and very inconvenient structure, consisting of a nave with

diminutive aisles, a chancel with a north aisle, and a low west tower. The exterior very plain, the nave with leaded roof, the chancel tiled, and the clerestory modern. The tower in its lower portion very early and plain, without buttresses, the belfry story with the battlement and small pinnacles Perpendicular. The tower opens to the nave by a low semi-circular arch upon imposts. The nave very short,

and not longer than the chancel, having on each side two semi-circular arches, upon round piers of rather light proportions, having square capitals and bases, apparently late Norman. The chancel had two pointed arches with light octagonal pillar forming the division to the north aisle. The roof of the chancel covered in panels with rich bosses. The east window decorated, of three lights. On the south side a lancet, and one window of two lights without foils. South of the altar two ascending sedilia, with trefoiled arch, and a trefoil niche with triangular canopy and a piscina. In the east wall, on each side of the window, an Early English moulded bracket, like the capital of a shaft. The font a semi-octagonal basin against the pier of the tower arch. Most of the windows of wretched modern character, some square-headed and late Perpendicular, and much of the side walls rebuilt in brick.

1842.-Dunnington church has been much improved and the interior newly arranged. All the wretched modern windows removed, and replaced by triple round-headed ones, which, however, are not quite suitable in a small church, and partake more of the Italian Romanesque.

ST. JAMES, ANSTON.

This church has a nave with side aisles, a chancel, and a western tower crowned by a stone spire. The latter is of excellent stone, and of Perpendicular work, the west window of three lights, but small, the parapet embattled, but the angles cut off and late pinnacles placed, as at West Retford. The spire, though not very lofty, has no bad appearance. The clerestory of the nave is late Perpendicular, embattled, with bold gargoyles in the string course. The windows are square-headed, the lebels having bold head corbels. There are also late crocketed pinnacles with square bases. The other parts of the church exhibit some Decorated

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