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anomalies in the armour alluded to above. The helmet is a burgonet, a form introduced from Burgundy about the close of the fifteenth century. The vizor is raised, and the buffe or chin-piece is shown fastened to the burgonet by large rivets, which are well shown by the head being turned threequarters round to the right. On the neck is a gorget of plate studded and bordered. On the body is a breastplate, beneath which is a hauberk of mail, although tuilles of a somewhat conventional form are seen over the thighs. There are coudières on the elbows and genouillières on the knees, but the legs are also encased in mail, though chausses had long been disused at the time. It is not very clear what was intended to be shown on the feet. The sword and miséricorde occur as before.

He

According to the pedigree, Adam de Brus II. died on the fifth of the Ides of July, 1180, 21 Henry II., and was buried at Guisbrough. Here again the regnal year and the year of Our Lord do not agree. The list of obits is probably right in saying he died on the thirteenth of the kalends of April (March 20th). He was alive in 8 Richard I. (1169-7), when he owed the King £20, being part of the fine for the debts of Aaron the Jew in Yorkshire.27 was dead by 1200, when his son Peter entered into an agreement with the King to pay the enormous sum of a thousand pounds, to be allowed to exchange the vills of Bardsey, Collingham and Rigton, near Leeds, for the vill and forest of Danby in Cleveland, which had been taken from his father by Henry II.28 In the following year he paid a fine of 1167. 13s. 4d. for having his father's lands.29 His wife was Ivetta, daughter of William, son of Osbert de Arches,30 with whom he got Walton in the Ainsty and Thorparch.

The third knightly figure, whose face is turned slightly to

27 Pipe Roll.

See

23 Rotuli de Oblatis et Finibus, 109, and Rot. Cancellarii, 3 John, 301. also Walbran's Memorial of Fountains, i., 124, n.

Rot. Cancellarii, 288.

30 Dodsworth (MSS., ii., 57) quotes a confirmation by John de Bella aqua or Bellew, a representative of the Skelton Bruces, to the Priory of Nun Monkton, of a grant by William, son of Osbert de Arches, and Iveta, his daughter, of lands

in Monkton and Hammerton, and of the churches there and at Askham, and the chapel of Walton. Peter de Brus I. confirmed to the Canons of Helagh Park a croft and certain liberties in Walton given by his mother, the Lady Iveta; and in the charter following he gives eight acres there in his new assart by the Wharfe, for the good of the soul of his mother, Iveta de Archez (Chartulary of Helagh Park. Cott. MSS. Ve-p. A., iv. 51b).

the left, is that of Peter de Brus I. He wears a casque on his head with the vizor raised, and a gorget of plate on his neck. The body armour appears to be a mailed coat on the upper part with a scaled or imbricated skirt below. There are curious épaulières. The coudières on the elbows are also curiously formed and have roundels in front. The legs have cuisses and jambs, and the knees genouillières with large pot-lid plates ornamented with raised cinquefoil flowers. The sword and miséricorde are both seen, the former having a twisted handle and cross guard. Peter de Brus I. was buried at Guisbrough on the sixteenth of the kalends of February (Jan. 17). In 1222 his son, Peter de Brus II., paid a fine of 100l. as a relief on succeeding to his father's barony, and forty marcs for having the Wapentake of Langbaurgh. He also paid a further sum of 51l. 6s. 7d., as a fine for the debt his father owed the King 31 His wife's name was Joan, but her parentage is unknown. It is stated that she belonged to the family of the Earls of Chester, a statement made credible by the occurrence of Roger, Constable of Chester, amongst the witnesses of a charter of Peter de Brus I., which was executed between the years 1205 and 1210,32

The fourth large niche is filled with a figure representing Peter de Brus II. He faces full front, and wears a helmet almost identical with that last described. His body armour is a cuirass with a fleur-de-lys in relief on the breast. Below the shield are seen a series of plates which are not exactly tuilles or tassets. Beneath these is the lamboys or skirt of steel plaitings. The coverings of the arms and legs are richly ribbed and studded. In 1227 he had licence to hold a market at Skelton on Monday instead of Sunday.33 In 1240 he went on a pilgrimage to the Holy Land with the King's brother, Richard, Earl of Cornwall;34 in which year his son, Peter de Brus III., paid a relief of two hundred marcs for having his lands.35 According to the pedigree he died at Marseilles on his way back, and his body was brought back to Guisbrough by his servants. His obit was observed on the seventh of the Ides of September (Sept. 7), but the year

31 Excepta è Rot. Finium, i. 80, aud Rot. Litterarum Clausarum, i. 487.

32 Guisbrough Chart. (Surtees Soc.), i. 68, 92, 94.

33 Close Roll, 12 Henry III., m. 14.

34 Matt. Paris, Chronica Majora (Rolls Edition), iv., 44.

35 Excerpta è Rotulis Finium, i. 332.

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of his death is uncertain. Matthew Paris36 says that he, Hugh Wake, and Eustace de Stuteville, all died in 1241, which allows too short a time for his journey to Palestine. Possibly he died on his journey out, and not on his return as stated in the pedigree, which on this point may be untrustworthy. He married Helewisa, one of the sisters and heiresses of the third William de Lancaster, with whom he got extensive possessions in North Lancashire and Westmoreland.37

We now come to the last figure on the north side. It has been very much mutilated, only the legs and lower parts of the body remaining. The skirt of mail can be seen below some rather ornamentally treated plates similar to those seen on the figure last described. The legs show the cuisses, genouillières and jambs, and on the feet the sollerets with overlapping plates over the ankles are shown. This figure no doubt represented Peter de Brus III., the last of the Barons of Skelton of that family. He died on the fourteenth of the kalends of October (Sept. 18), 1272.38 On his death his estates were divided between his four surviving sisters, Agnes, wife of Walter de Faucomberg, who got Skelton, Lucy, wife of Marmaduke de Thweng, Margaret, wife of Robert de Ros, and Laderina, wife of John de Bella aqua or Bellew.39 His wife was Hillary, eldest daughter of Peter de Mauley I., of Mulgrave Castle, near Whitby.40 He gave to the Friars Preachers at Yarm, for the good of his soul and of his wife Hillary, a toft in that town. Amongst the witnesses were his uncle, Sir Roger de Brus, knight, and John de Thokotes, his Seneschal.41

According to Hollar's engraving the last spandrel on this side, now utterly defaced, contained a bird. The smaller niches on the north or Skelton side are occupied, as

35 Historia Anglorum (Rolls Edition), ii., 459.

37 Furness Coucher (Cheetham Soc.), 2, 368. She had two other sisters, Serota, who married Alan de Multon and died without issue, and Alice, wife of William de Lindsay. See also Dugdale's Monasticon Anglicanum, iii. 553.

39 Walter of Hemingburgh, i. 341. 39 The Iuq. p. m. of Peter de Brus III., and the partition of his estates, are printed in Yorkshire Inquisitions, i. 139, 201. According to the Coram Rege Roll of Michaelmas Term, 4 Edward I.,

quoted by Dodsworth (MSS. cxliv. 22), l'eter had other brothers and sisters: Peter, John, Joan, Avelina and Isabella, who died without issue, and Alice and Margery, who became Nuns of the Order of Sempringham in the Priory of Watton.

Yorkshire Inquisitions, i. 139 n., quoting Patent Roll, No. 46, 21 Hen. III., m. 2. His brother-in-law, Peter de Mauley II., married his sister Joan.

41 Journal of the Archæological Institute, xxxvii. 184, quoting Patent Roll, 8 Edw. II. Part I. m. 24.

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