Abingdon, 168, 184, 218, 220, 256,
Bracton, 35, 37, 40-41, 209-11, 231 Bradford, 203, 392
Brembre, Nicholas, 338, 415, 454-5 Breteuil, customs of, 174 seq., 275 Brewers, 248, 267 seq., 297 Bridgnorth, 262, 393, 440 Bridport, 404
Brightwaltham, 41, 54
Bristol, 151, 167, 188, 191, 208, 212, 224, 233, 236, 245, 248, 251, 257-8, 262, 264, 272-3, 275, 284, 290, 296, 341, 356, 393-4, 405, 409, 413, 439, 450, 472, 477, 479, 480, 486
Bakers, 305, 326, 327; barbers, 331; cobblers, 348; cordwainers, 303, 354, 356, 364; dyers, 298, 317; fullers, 300, 312-13, 330, 360; hoopers, 303, 365; merchant venturers, 387, 490; pewterers, 312; smiths, 331; tailors, 288, 292-4, 298, 305, 313, 356, 415; weavers, 296, 303, 317, 323, 327, 330-31, 362, 365, 400, 413
Control of crafts, 330-31
Bruges, 128, 222, 393, 429, 464, 468, 472 seq., 487, 503
Burgage tenure, 175
Burgundy, 429, 430, 489, 503. See Netherlands
Bury, Adam de, 340
Bury St. Edmunds, 70, 106, 168, 178, 181-6, 189, 195, 206, 213, 217, 220, 439
Fullers, 392; weavers, 280, 292, 294, 310, 311, 332, 423
Cabot, John, 502 Caesar, 20, 57-8
Calais, 147, 253, 402, 480 seq., 494, 499, 502
Cambridge, 105, 167, 169, 172, 176, 195,
200, 202, 218, 222, 224, 227, 229, 253, 262, 275, 307
Canterbury, 165-6, 169, 172, 176-7, 187-9, 254, 262, 270, 310, 311, 332, 365, 479
Canute, 199, 447
Canynges, W., 289, 504
Capital, 32, 93, 103, 115 seq., 295, 345, 528 seq.
Capitalists, industrial, 380 seq., 412 seq.; trading, 380, 383 seq., 455, 493 seq. See Capital
Cardiff, 178, 208, 235, 240, 253, 393, 477 Carlisle, 192, 219, 321
Carriage duties, 34
Carta Mercatoria, 224, 231, 451, 523 Caursines, 530
Celtic influences, 6, 75
Chester, 27, 178, 192, 198, 226, 245, 267- 269, 271-2, 291, 298, 304, 315, 341, 366, 369, 389, 390
Bakers, 335, 390; butchers, 335, 390; drapers, 316; goldsmiths, 293; meere merchants, 387; tailors, 316; weavers, 341, 361; slaters, 350 Chesterfield, 258 Chichester, 169, 479
Church, 13, 16, 23, 31, 132 seq., 150, 152, 167-8, 178 seq., 197-8, 202, 204 seq., 210, 254, 327
Cinque Ports, 168, 230, 240, 254, 256 Cirencester, 165, 183-4, 206, 252, 393, 422
Cloth, 221, 278, 289, 324, 327, 347, 390
seq., 494, 501, 503
Cloth halls, 408 seq., 433 Clothiers, 316, 377, 412 seq., 499 Coggeshall, 393, 396, 414
Coke, E., 201, 224, 254, 264, 391 Colchester, 163, 165-6, 202, 257-9, 274,
393, 396, 424, 436-7; fullers, 298 Cole, Thomas, 420
Cologne, 222, 464-5
'Colouring,' 242, 466
Combination acts anticipated, 359 Comitatus, 20
Commendation, 18-19, 48
Commercial Grievances, 401, 456, 462 Commons, 12, 33, 51, 69, 71-5, 140-41 Communalism, 66, 243 seq., 308 Commutation, 52, 77 seq.
Companies, chartered, 370 seq., 379,
499. See Joint-stock, regulated Companies of dealers, 385 seq.
Competition, restraints on, 246, 308,
Confirmatio Cartarum, 523 Consuls, 505
Copyholders, 135 seq., 148 Cottars, 43-5
Court of the borough, 176, 193, 249; of the fair, see Piepowder; of the gild, 248; of the manor, see Seigniorial jurisdiction
Coventry, 151, 165, 208, 217, 244, 257, 269-71, 275, 285, 304-5, 309, 311-12, 314, 316, 317, 342, 356, 365, 368, 408- 409, 424-5, 439, 440
Crafts-Bakers, 317, 335, 366, 390; barbers, 303, 376; butchers, 335, 366, 390; candle-makers, 332; cappers, 280, 287, 300, 313, 350-52; card- makers, 332, 376; cardwire drawers, 362, 377; carpenters, 335; drapers, 291, 416; dyers, 302, 315, 358, 416; fullers, 344, 416-17; girdlers, 362, 376-77; haberdashers, 366; iron- workers, 362, 377; leather-tanners, 332; masons, 349, 358, 376; painters, 376; pewterers, 332; saddlers, 376; smiths, 313, 377; tailors, 416; tilers, 332; weavers, 286, 316, 344, 350, 352, 354, 356, 359, 362, 416
Control of crafts, 331-3; repression of yeomen gilds, 358-9 Craft gilds, 279 seq.
Craftsmen, 52, 295, 345, 363, 374-5, 378, 386 seq.
Cromwell, Thomas, 129, 430 Custom, 36-7, 139, 149
Customs, collectors of, 472, 484-6; duties, 521 seq.; on wool, 127, 403; on woollen cloth, 402, 466; on wine, 487, 522 seq.
Danegeld, 14-16
Danelaw, 49, 172
Danish influences, 11, 49, 171-2, 445 seq. Debasement, 98, 146, 460
Debts, 227, 260 seq., 480
Deloney, Thomas, 420
Demesne, 23, 31, 32, 51, 77, 101 seq., 130 seq.
Denchered, 58
Denmark, 464-5, 489, 504
Derby, 172-3, 241, 275, 438
Despenser, Hugh, 191, 202, 476-7 Dialogus de Scaccario, 41, 509 seq.
Discourse of the Common Weal, 123 seq., 157, 367
Dolman, Thomas, 421
Domesday Book, 1, 10, 12, 22, 28, 32, 47-9, 70, 75, 121, 168, 198, 212, 219, 252, 268
Douai, 222, 263, 450
Dover, 252, 461, 499
Draperies, the new, 435 seq. Drapers. See Clothiers, London
Dublin, 203, 231, 259, 262, 280, 321, 450 Dunstable, prior of, 183 Dunwich, 170, 212, 220, 262
Dutch immigrants, 435 seq. Dyeing industry, 427
Easterlings. See Hansards Economic oppression, 321 seq. Edgar, 176, 199, 210, 223, 232, 500 Education, 307
Edward I., 192, 200, 202-3, 205, 208, 263, 317, 382, 397, 406, 449, 465, 472- 473, 484, 486, 523-4; treatment of aliens, 451
Edward II., 191, 194, 202, 252, 254, 397,
405-7, 431, 461, 465, 484, 524; in- dustrial policy, 398; the staple, 473 seq.; treatment of aliens, 451-2 Edward III., 98, 191, 202, 209, 211, 326, 366, 370, 379, 391, 395-7, 413, 460-61, 488, 500, 524, 529; industrial policy, 399 seq., 427; and staple, 477 seq.; treatment of aliens, 452-3
Edward IV., 227, 319, 333, 401, 470, 482, 491, 497
Edward VI., 141, 156, 373-4, 387, 425, 442, 497, 508
Edward the Elder, 199, 205 Elizabeth, 113, 152, 387, 427, 460, 462, 498, 508, 531 Enclosures, 56, 118 seq.
England's Commercial Policy, 423, 501 Engrossing, 270 seq. Essart, 51
Eton College, 208, 257 Exchequer, 509 seq.
Exeter, 167, 188, 203, 205, 280-81, 356, 387, 477, 479, 480, 490
Cordwainers, 334, 355-6; merchant venturers, 308, 387; tailors, 286, 288, 298, 313, 333-4, 354, 371, 387 Control of crafts, 333-4 Extensive cultivation, 57-9
Factory system, 413, 417, 420, 422 Fairs, 196 seq., 268, 277, 346
Farms, growth of large, 115 Firma Burgi, 190 seq., 278 Firma unius noctis, 516 Fishmongers, 273. See London Fitzherbert, 60, 69, 112, 122, 124, 130, 144
Fitzherbert, A., 255 Fitz-Thomas, T., 340
Flanders, 128, 396-9, 444, 502; galleys,
Flemings, 221, 227, 309, 399 seq., 429, 462, 467, 472, 483-4. See Alien Weavers
'Garrison' theory, 169 Gascon, 221, 452, 467 Gascony, 487, 507 Gaunt, John of, 103, 454 Genoa, 221, 481
Genoese, 463-4, 470, 500 Gerefa, 54-5
German, 486, 496. See Cologne, Han- sards
Germany, 488, 498, 502
Ghent, 128, 222, 263, 407, 478-9 Gibraltar, Straits of, 469, 505 Gild merchant, 238 seq., 320 seq. Gild system, merits and defects, 276 seq., 388 seq.; and the capitalist system, 417. See Gild merchant and Craft gild
Glanville, 41, 81, 194, 527
Gloucester, 165, 168, 177, 187, 251, 404, shoemakers, 300; tanners, 306, 366; weavers, 306, 360 God's penny, 230-31
Gold, export prohibited, 460 seq. Granaries, 273, 405
Grimsby, 168, 192, 243, 258, 321
Hales, John, 125, 140, 141, 155, 369. See Discourse
Hansards, 234, 264, 427, 444, 450, 457-8, 463 seq., 488, 495 seq., 503-4 Hat-making, 434
Henry I., 173, 200, 208, 220, 232, 240-41,
252-4, 259, 322, 515-16
Henry II., 199, 200, 204, 208, 240-41,
253, 257, 322, 394-5, 397, 457, 464, 510, 525-6
Henry III., 191-2, 202, 204, 233, 262-3.
267, 322, 329, 450-51, 465, 472, 486 Henry IV., 184, 382, 408, 456, 462, 468, 488-9, 496, 505, 508
Henry V., 184, 456, 462, 500 Henry VI., 192, 206, 208, 257, 370, 382, 405, 494; and aliens, 456, 462
Henry VII., 112, 126, 154, 192, 221, 382, 402, 430, 457, 489, 493; commercial treaties, 502 seq.
Henry VIII., 153, 234, 236, 373, 419, 422, 424, 441, 495, 504, 508 Hereford, 177, 179, 187, 202, 214, 218, 242, 247, 250, 261-2, 265, 275, 304, 326, 354, 356 Hervy, Walter, 340 Holland, 472, 488 Hosting of aliens, 457 Hours of labour, 350-51
Hull, 208, 255, 259, 265, 356, 472, 479,
490, 505; glovers, 311; merchants, 387; weavers, 285, 355
Hundred Rolls, 29, 189, 198, 223, 255, 261, 486
Hundred Years' War, 278, 452, 478 Huntingdon, weavers, 322
Hutton (Essex), 37, 79, 86, 93, 117
Iceland, 445, 504
Ill May Day, 463
Immobility of rural society, 91, 93, 100 Industrial protection, 319, 400 seq., 470 Industry, control of, 247, 296 seq. Ine, 5, 17, 199
Ing theory, 22 Insurrections, 151 seq. Intensive cultivation, 57-60 Interloper, 491 seq.
Ipswich, 172, 177, 189, 204, 224, 242, 250, 255-6, 281, 290-91, 392, 396, 409, 439, 459, 472, 490
Ireland, 290, 389, 395, 398, 476, 479, 487, 507
Irish cloth, 430 Isaiah, 143
Italian merchants, 456, 469, 486. See Florentines, Genoese, Lombards, Venetians
James I., 399, 419, 427
John, 190, 204, 210, 233, 240, 250, 253, 258, 322-3, 327, 397, 465 Joint husbandry, 66, 68 Joint-stock company, 245, 493 Journeymen, 286, 293 seq., 300, 416; gilds, 342, 347 seq., 380 Just price, 346
Justice, profits of, 524 seq. Justices of labourers, 97
Justices of the peace, 97, 155-6, 347, 370, 418
Kempe, John, 399, 413, 430 Kent, men of, 12, 50
Kent, weavers of, 423-4 Kett's revolt, 112, 141, 151, 156
Labour exchange, 309 Lammas land, 71
Lancastrians, 401, 456, 463 Lauder, 58-9
Law merchant, 230, 467, 480 Laws of the Northumbrian priests, 206; of Oleron, 224; of the Scottish boroughs, 199, 224; of the weavers and fullers, 323 seq. Leasehold, 102, 131 seq. Leeds, 234, 441
Leicester, 88, 164-5, 172, 187, 190, 216, 222, 227, 243, 245, 247-8, 250-51, 258, 260-61, 263, 265, 280, 301, 326, 396, 528; fullers, 248, 328, 398; water- carriers, 329; weavers, 248, 299, 300, 327, 392, 398
Leland, 125, 234, 421-2, 433, 440, 442, 497
Lenton fair, 209, 217, 219
Libelle of English Polycye, 456, 459, 469,
Lincoln, 165, 168, 172-3, 176, 192, 195,
200, 204, 208, 219, 235, 255, 259, 262, 320, 369, 396, 409, 475, 477, 479; fullers, 327; weavers, 310, 322, 369, 397, 411, 413
Liverpool, 203, 245 Livery, 371, 378 seq.
Loans to Crown, 405, 495 Lombards, 318-19, 457, 462, 469 London, 88, 150-51, 163, 165-6, 171, 174, 176, 191, 193, 195, 198, 206, 211-12, 217, 222, 224, 226, 228, 233, 236, 240, 242, 247, 251-3, 256-60, 264, 266-8, 272-6, 282-3, 290-91, 293, 314, 323, 342, 366, 370, 378, 383, 385, 390, 394, 400, 404, 406, 409, 410, 423, 426, 444 passim
Common council, 341
Conflict with aliens, 448 seq. Control of crafts, 336 seq. Crafts-Armourers, 336; bakers, 322, 349, 353, 356-8, 369; barber- surgeons, 281, 287, 306, 308, 316, 353; blacksmiths, 301, 312, 356, 360; bladesmiths, 292; bottlemakers, 376; brasiers, 360; burellers, 316, 323; butchers, 336, 355; cappers, 336; carpenters, 284, 288, 293, 305, 309, 313, 315, 336, 379, 380; cloth- workers, 382, 421; coopers, 288, 292, 294, 298, 336; cordwainers, 315, 356- 357, 360; cutlers, 292, 336; drapers, 379, 382-3, 385, 407, 409, 428; em- broiderers, 228; fishmongers, 285; 337-9, 372, 379, 382, 454; founders, 285, 288, 292, 294, 302, 360, 372, 380; fullers, 382; girdlers, 287, 318; glovers, 376; goldsmiths, 306, 346; 379, 382, 385; grocers, 298, 305, 341, 379, 382, 384; haberdashers, 379, 382, 385; hatters, 293, 299, 336;
heaumers, 294; horners, 228, 376; ironmongers, 361, 382; joiners, 377; leathersellers, 228-9, 286, 351, 376, 379; lime-burners, 302; lorimers, 283, 290-91, 343, 377; mercers, 379, 382, 384, 405, 490; merchant taylors, 229, 306, 308, 355, 357, 361, 374, 379, 380, 382-3; painters, 377; paviors, 288, 293, 297; pepperers, 384-5; pewterers, 228-9, 287-8, 292, 294, 297, 299, 314, 336, 361, 379; pouchmakers, 294, 376; pursers, 376; saddlers, 350, 357, 377; salters, 382; shear- men, 287, 298, 301, 306-7, 309, 314, 349, 360, 382, 424; shoemakers, 457; silkweavers, 318 seq.; skinners, 228, 298, 379, 382; vintners, 379, 382-3, 385; weavers, 316, 322 seq., 337, 355, 370, 391, 398, 400, 410 seq.; white tawyers, 303, 306, 309, 376
Foreign weavers. See Alien
Party factions in, 270, 338, 340-41, 454-5
Repression of yeomen gilds, 356
London and provincial clothiers, 428; and provincial traders, 493 London Lykpenny, 221
Looms, hired, 417, 423; taxes on, 413 Lot, 243 seq.
Lübeck, 263, 464, 465 Lucca, 468, 470 Lyme, 212, 228
Lynn, 186, 227, 235, 245-6, 262, 265, 275, 290, 321, 369, 432, 467, 486
Machinery in industry, 426 Magna Carta, 264, 394, 449, 474, 477, 522, 526
Magnus Intercursus, 502 Maltolte, 522
Malus Intercursus, 503
Manchester, 70, 178, 203, 209, 216, 393, 397, 404
Manor, decay of, 77 seq.; description, 30-76; origin, 1-29; types, 22-24; officials, 51 seq. Manumission, 81 'Mark' theory, 66
Markets, 196 seq., 268, 277
Marlborough, 257, 262; weavers, 323 Mary, 442, 464, 497
Mercantile system, 402, 452, 461, 501 Merchant adventurers, 403, 426-8, 472, 488 seq., 502-3
Merchant staplers. See Staple Merchants, 197, 445. See Capitalists, trading Merchet, 40
Michaelmas land, 71 Middleburgh, 481-2 Millers, 267
Mirror of Justices, 264, 449 Molmen, 80, 106 Monasteries.
See Church Monday-men, 44
Money economy, 77, 79, 83, 87 seq.,
Movables, taxes on, 519 seq.
Natural husbandry, 31, 77, 79, 83, 522 Navigation acts, 487, 507 seq. Navy, 446, 469, 500, 506 seq. Netherlands, 491, 502 seq. See Flanders, Burgundy
Newbury, Jack of, 419 seq.
Newcastle, 192, 208, 212, 220, 241-2, 265, 316, 326, 472, 477, 479, 486; hostmen, 459; merchant adventurers, 280-83, 293, 308, 386, 490 Newcastle-under-Lyme, 259, 275 Night-work, 299
Norman influences, 1, 24 seq., 172 seq., 240
Northampton, 164, 172, 203-4, 209, 218, 226, 233, 258-9, 262-3, 356, 409, 424, 438; dyers, 326; fullers, 283, 326; tailors, 332; weavers, 283, 326, 354, 356, 359, 397
Northampton, John of, 454-5 Norway, 486-7, 489, 496
Norwich, 172, 174, 188, 194, 206, 214, 227, 235, 240, 243-4, 248, 257, 262, 269, 271-3, 275, 282, 290, 301, 304, 310-13, 344, 368, 375, 378, 394, 409, 424, 432 seq., 438-9, 450, 454, 459, 460, 463, 477, 479, 490
Control of crafts, 329-30
Crafts-Chandlers, 302; cobblers, 329; fullers, 329; saddlers, 329; shearmen, 283, 292, 370, 426, 436; shoemakers, 352; smiths, 375; weavers, 163, 283-4, 287, 372, 392, 400, 423. See Worsted
Nottingham, 172, 194, 199, 208-9, 216, 218, 240-41, 262-3, 275, 394, 438; weavers, 322, 391, 413 Nova Custuma, 452, 523-4 Nucleated villages, 75-6
Oath of craftsmen, 314 One field system, 4, 60
Open field system, 4, 24, 56 seq., 121 seq. Ordainers, the lords, 452, 473, 524
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