It will be observed that twelve counties in twenty-one exhibit increase. The falling off in Sussex may be referred entirely to Boseham, a manor of bishop Osbern's, which was worth £300 under the Confessor, and only £29 5s. under the Conqueror, though it was farmed at £32 15s. Forty-seven hides had been alienated, which I have failed in tracing, though the new owners are mentioned. In Cornwall I believe the value assigned to the Terra Regis T. R. E. to be excessive. The entries are frequently of this sort "reddit vii. lib. ad pondus," the former value not being given, but having probably been the same number of pounds by tale. The same observation applies to Devonshire. On the whole, therefore, I think the accounts are less favourable to the Conqueror than they would be if they were fuller. Lastly, I would just notice an entry
COUNTY RENTALS IN DOMESDAY.
which I think makes it probable that the increased rental was in some cases due to stricter supervision; e. g. "In Salemanesberie Hundredo, tenuit Edwardus Rex Sclostre, de hoc manerio reddebat quod volebat vice-comes." T. R. E., Domesday, vol. i. f. 163, b.
As the analysis of Middlesex given by Sir H. Ellis in the Introduction to Domesday, vol. i. p. vii, makes the value T. R. E. £932 8s. 10d., instead of £910 15s. 6 d., I will just notice that the difference appears to be due to a clerical error, Ernulf de Hesding's lands being put at £56 instead of at £36 in Sir Henry's summary. With this correction our results are substantially the same.
ACHA, wife of Ethelfrid, 97.
Elfeg, his martyrdom, 217; ques-
tion of his canonization, 451.
Elfric, works of, 310; his homilies
quoted, 294, note 4, 323, 331, note 1.
Elfgiva, 201-204.
Elfrida, 209.
Ella of Sussex 91.
Ella of Northumbria, 160, 161.
Æthelbald of Wessex, 151, 152.
Æthelbert of Kent, 120-126.
Æthelbriht of Wessex, 152.
Ethelred of Wessex, 164, 165.
Ethelwulf, 150, 151.
Aetius, 89.
Agricola, 34-36.
Alban's, St., 146, 630, note 1.
Alcuin, mediates between Charlemagne
and Offa, 146; his life, 305; and
works, 306-308; his tolerance, 305,
321.
Alexander III., pope, absolves Becket,
501; supports him against the king,
503, 504, 506.
Alfred, king, early life, 163-165; reign,
166-171; character of his govern
ment, 172-175; zeal for learning, 176,
177; personal character, 178-180.
Alfred Etheling, 233-236.
Anderida, 91.
Angles, origin of, 104-107; their settle-
ments, 96, 97, 105; struggle with the
Saxons for supremacy, 135, 136;
easy fusion with the Danes, 160;
assist them against the Saxons, 191-
217; their literary supremacy, 108,
308; their resolute resistance to the
Normans, 359, 362.
Anlaf, dispossessed by Athelstane, 186;
defeated at Brunan-beorh, 187.
Anselm, early life, 449, 450; made pri-
mate, 452; quarrels with William II.,
452-457; supports Henry I., 458;
wins the question of investitures, 458-
462; eminent as a metaphysician,
450; character of his philosophy, 608-
Antoninus, wall of, 37.
Arthur, his historical existence, 92-96;
legends concerning, Neo-Druidic, 79,
note 4, 81; historico-political, 620-
622; chivalrous, 622-625.
Assize, Grand, 578-579.
Athelstane, 185-191.
Augustine, St., the Father, 74, note 1,
321, 609, 611.
Augustine, St., the missionary, 122-126,
Battle Abbey, and the bishop of Chich-
ester, 490; and Gilbert de Balliol,
580-583.
Becket, Thomas, early life of, 482, 486,
487; as chancellor, 488-490; as pri-
mate, 490-507; murdered, 508, 509;
his character, 512, 513.
Bede, life of, 301; historical and sci-
entific works of, 302-304.
Bishops, aristocratic character of, 133,
313; duties and powers of, 314, 315.
Boadicea, 33, 34.
Boc-land, 268-270.
Bread, 640, 641.
Bretwalda, 120.
Bricstan, case of, 444, note I.
Brihtric of Wessex, 147.
Brihtric of Gloucester, 379.
Britany, how peopled, 64, 141; troops
from, 338, 370, 468.
Britons, their tribes, 3-11; government
and manners, 11-17; mythology, 17-
21; how far Romanized, 53-55; how
far Christianized, 76, 77; how far
exterminated, 99-103.
Bruce, Robert de, 471.
Brunan-beorh, battle of, 187.
Cadwallan, 137, 139, 140.
Cæsar, 22-28, 645.
Cædmon, 108; his life, 298; and Biblical
poems, 298-301.
Caligula, 28, 29.
Camelot, 92, 93, note 1, 622, note 1.
Camulodunum, 29, 30; stormed, 31.
672
Canterbury, makes terms with the
Saxons, 90; sacked by the Danes,
217.
Canute, makes war with Ethelred and
Edmund Ironsides, 218-221; is made
king, 221; his reign and character,
222, 225-232.
Caractacus, 30, 31.
Carausius, 60, 61.
Cassibellaun, 26, 27, 29.
Celibacy of the clergy, why advocated,
198-200; how enforced, 207, 211, 212,
390, note 2; with what results, 212,
note 1, 321, 322, 454, 496.
Cerdic, 91.
Chancellor, office of, 488.
Charlemagne, relations with England,
145, 147, 188; character of his govern.
ment, 158, 159.
Chivalry, beginnings of, 320; Anglo-
Norman, 597-605.
Christianity, British, chap. v. ; preached
to the Anglo-Saxons, chap. viii.; its
influence on public events, 137-139,
152-154, 226-228, 319-321; on litera-
ture, 303, 306, 325, 326; on society,
321-324, 329-331, 645.
Church, early British, chap. v.; early
English, 130-133; Anglo-Saxon, chap.
XX.; and State, 179-181, 261-263,
393-396, 458-460, 490-493, 495-497;
confessional, 316-319.
Clarendon, Constitutions of, 497-498.
Claudius, 30; puts down Druidism, 31.
Cleanliness, Anglo-Saxon, 205; Anglo-
Norman, 640-642.
Clergy, their social position, 133, 315,
316; their morals, 199, 212, 321-323,
454, 496.
Clifford, Rosamond, 537.
Coiners, 443.
Coloniæ, 43, 44, 265.
Compurgation, 258, 578.
Constans, 65, 66.
Constantine the Emperor, 61, 62.
Constantine the Tyrant, 65, 61.
Constantius, 66.
Council Royal, or Curia, 574.
Courts of law: county tithing, and hun-
dred, 250-253, 270, 271; of the nobles,
254-255; separation of secular and
ecclesiastical, 356, 357, 394-396, 444,
445, 495-497; Anglo-Norman, 398,
443, 444, chap. xxxiii.
Crusades, 424-426, 482, 538, 542;
Richard Cœur de Lion, 550-554; their
effects on chivalry, 597-598; on lite-
rature, 620-625.
Cyprus, 551 552.
Dane-gelt, 213, 225, 246, 290, 385, 386.
Danes, their first appearance, 151, 160-
162; their character and religion,
152-158; nature of their war, 159;
wars with Alfred, 164-171; their
civilization, 295; fresh wars, 213-215;
their massacre, 215, 216; they con-
quer England, 216-222; extent of
their settlement, 167, 238; assist the
Northumbrians, 359, 360; threaten
invasion, 373.
Decuriones, 45, 46, 59.
Diarmaid, Mac Murchad, 520-525.
Domesday Book, 374-389; attempt to
revise it, 418; Appendix D.
Dover, and Eustace of Boulogne, 241;
stormed, 348; restored, 381.
Dress, Anglo-Saxon, 294, 295.
Druidism, 12, 17-21; put down, 31, 32;
partially revived, 77-82.
Drunkenness, 206, 343, 390, note 2, 454.
Duel, 109; reasons for, 577-580.
Dunstan, chap. xiii., 211-213, 226, 319,
Evidence, British and Saxon, 94; cha-
racter of early, 257, 258; written and
oral, 460, 461, 557.
Exeter, siege of, 356; supports Wil-
liam I., 357, 360.
Famines, 130, 292, 361, 641.
Fealty, nature of, 589-591.
Feudalism, Anglo-Saxon, 254, 255, 284;
Anglo-Norman, 289, 403-405, 587-
595; its influences, 458-460, 595-
597.
Fines, 573, 574.
Fires, 381.
Fitz-Arthur, Asselin, 410.
Fitz-Osbern, William, 355, 369, 403.
Fitz-Osbert, William, 565-567.
Flambard, Ranulf, 404, 413, 419, 434.
Flanders, traces of connection with, 189,
201, 236, 242, 338, 440, 441, 535,
542.
Fleet, under Alfred, 175; under Richard
I., 550.
Food, in Anglo-Saxon times, 292; in
Norman times, 640-641.
France, traces of connection with, 165,
187, 188, 240; hatred of, in England,
441, 447; connection of, with the cru-
sades, 425; rising power of, 538.
Frank-pledge or Frith-guild system,
108, 174, 190, 273, 396, 572, 575-577.
Frisian origin of the Saxons, 105.
Frith-guild: see Frank-pledge.
Gafol-land, 267.
Gavelkind, 270.
Geoffrey of Anjou, 441-447, 464, 475,
.480.
Geoffrey of Monmouth, 620-622.
Geoffrey, earl, 539-541.
Geoffrey Plantagenet, 556.
Gemot see Courts, Witan.
Gesith, 113, 114.
Giraldus Cambrensis, 608, 618, 627.
Glanville, Ranulf de, 545, 550, 608.
Glastonbury, 95; abbey of, 196, 197,
201, 261, note 1, 515.
Gloucester, 53, note 2.
Gloucester, Robert of, 472, 475-480.
Godwin, earl, 222; his conduct to Alfred
Etheling, 233-236; under Edward
the Confessor, 237, 243.
Gregory the Great, 121-124, 331.
Guilds, private, 274, 276, 572.
Guitmund, 393, 450.
Guthrum, 161, 164-170.
Gytha, wife of Godwin, 222, 287, 353.
Hadrian, visits England, 36, 37; wall
of, when constructed, 63, 64.
Harald Hardrada, 339, 340.
Hardicanute, 233, 236, 237.
Harold Harefoot, 233-236.
Harold, earl, 239, 242-245; his compact
with William, 332-335; his reign,
336-345; and character, 346, 347.
Hastings, the sea-rover, 171.
Hastings, battle of, 343-345.
Henry I., as prince, 406, note 1, 409,
410, 417, 428; his reign, chap. xxvi. ;
and relations with Anselm, 458-462.
Henry II., as prince, 447, 480, 482, 483;
as king, 484, 485; his relations with
Becket, 486-509; and the church,
509-511; with Ireland, 520-530; last
years of his life, chap. xxxi.; intro-
duces the grand assize, 578.
Hereford, customs of, 270, 365, note 1.
Hereward, 366-368.
Heriots, Danish, 229; Anglo-Norman,
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