violence; the same stern trial of the best affections; the same attempts to deceive by lavish promises; the same appeal to the magistrate, and the same stand made by the convert-that he wished to be a Christian because the Bible is true-have occurred with them as they do in Bengal or Bombay; proving that the work of the Lord is one, and that opposition to its progress springs every where from the same cause.

In 1819, considerable religious enquiry took place among the villagers of the Palnaud, a district to the west of Guntoor, among the Ghauts. They were under the instruction of Mr. Heyer, of the American Lutheran Mission, who had shortly before taken up a permanent residence in their midst. Of these people, thirty-nine were baptized in 1849; and one hundred and twenty-five the following year. Whether ultimately a sincere and well-based church of Christ has been formed among them I know not but one important guarantee for their sincerity, exists in the fact that they are well off in the world. They are both farm-labourers and weavers land-owners must employ them in the former capacity: while in the latter also they can earn enough for their support: they are thus rather independent. Mr. Heyer also has taught them, that he who would eat must work. The people were baptized perhaps rather hastily: but there was reason to believe them sincere.

During the last eight years the gospel has made special progress in the neighbourhood of Cuddapah. Of the four out-stations attached to the central mission, that of Cherlopilly seemed first to awake to a sense of the evils of idolatry. In 1845, owing to the instructions of the catechists and the influence of the Reddy or headman, himself almost a Christian, all public idolatrous festivals entirely ceased in the village; a chapel was erected and a small congregation regularly met to be instructed in the Word of God. In 1849, the son of the chief Reddy wished to be baptized, and strangely enough received the full consent of his parents to this public profession of his Christianity. Other villages have since exhibited a similar spirit; and the native catechists, who frequently itinerate among them, have borne the most pleasing testimony to the impression which the gospel has produced on the people's minds. It would be easy to multiply the most interesting examples; but the following may serve as a specimen.

One says:

"On the thirty-first of October, 1850, I arrived at Door. About thirty persons assembled to hear the word. After I had spoken to them, Unkunnah received me kindly into his house and wished me to stay to instruct him and his friends. Accordingly I staid with him all

that day, explained the Christian religion, and at night ten other persons joined us to whom I preached the word of life. I read and explained the fifteenth and sixteenth chapters of Luke and the third chapter of John. We then knelt down and prayed to God. Though Hindus they all knelt down with us and prayed, and appeared much interested in what was said to them. One man of the assembly called Parvah said;-Sir, I am very desirous to embrace the Christian religion, because I have searched many Hindu books, but have not found such precious words as these. He said also; Sir, since you visited us eight months ago, I have not had any comfort in my heart on account of my heathen ways, and though I have often intended to come and see you, yet I have been hindered on account of my family, but now you are come I am very glad." He and some others are desirous of embracing the Christian religion, and to have their children instructed in this good way. This inquirer followed the catechists to Cuddapah and staid ten days, receiving instruction. Unkunnah, his host, and three others from the village were baptized the following year. At Pedalah, also in the neighbourhood of Door, fifteen families gave up idolatry and presented their idol to the missionary; several individuals have been since baptized as Christians.

Another catechist preached in a large village, at a feast in honor of Vishnoo. When they brought out the idol on a large car, he went near and spoke to the people: Why are you all looking at that idol, if you speak to it will it speak to you, and if you set fire to it will it not be burned? He then declared the glory, power and goodness of the great God, and of the salvation which he had wrought out by Jesus Christ for poor sinners. The people replied: What you say, Sir, is very good: our idols are vain and can do us no good. You must come, Sir, from time to time and declare to us these good words. When asked by the catechist why they came to the feast if they did not believe in the idol, they said, We only come to look at the sight and laugh, but we have no faith in the idol. We believe in one God; we have read your books and like the wisdom they contain.' At Yeypuralu a man came to the same catechist and embracing him with great affection said: Are you a disciple of our Lord Jesus? He then took him to his house, lodged him for two days and heard the word of God with great attention. He said that he had heard about this true religion some time ago at Cuddapah, and that ever since that time he had left off the worship ofidols and was in the habit of praying to God. He also begged the catechist to stay and instruct his children.

D

Among the converts baptized in 1850, there was one who had been led to profess himself a christian by the reading of tracts and the regular hearing of the word. He came to Mr. Porter one morning and with much feeling delivered up his brass idols, the former objects of his worship. Throwing them on the ground, he said: Enough of these, I have done with them and wish to have no more to do with them. I have read much and learnt much in my heathen books; but I have found no rest. In Christ alone is rest. After Mr. Porter had conversed with him for some time on the delightful change that had taken place in his views and feelings, his soul seemed to gather fresh strength, and taking from his neck a silver chain bearing the name of his god, he cast it on the ground saying: Enough, nothing but sin has cleaved to me all the time I have kept this close to me. Let it go, I have done with idols; please, Sir, take it: I now know of something better. The love of Jesus! O how different to all this. I know I must be persecuted by my friends and relations, but I must not mind that. After being under further instruction for three months, he was baptized at Muddunpilly the out-station, in the month of May; since which time he has continued steadfast in his attachment to the Christian religion. Through his influence and instructions his aged father, who was once the chief guru or priest in the village, has renounced idolatry, and is now a regular attendant at the Mission Chapel.

During last year the fruits of missionary labour in Cuddapah and the villages which surround it, were manifested in a still more striking manner. The congregation at Cuddapah increased to two hundred; and ten members were added to the Church. Mr. Porter baptized no less than fifty-one adults, chiefly at the out-stations: and many others for the first time renounced idolatry, and placed themselves under christian instruction. Of this large number thirty-two reside at Ubdalapuram, sixty miles from Cuddapah. On making their profession they delivered up their idol to the missionary and set apart the temple as a christian school-room. Surely none can read of facts like these without saying concerning degraded India: "Lift up your heads; the day of redemption draweth nigh."

Thus the fruits of missionary labour appear. Knowledge of the gospel is spread amongst old and young, by public preaching; in itinerancies; by the gift of gospels and tracts; by schools both English and vernacular. A few are added to the churches: in many more doubts and fears are excited respecting the idolatry they now profess: and some believe the truth they fear to confess. At the present time there exist among the Telugus, eleven

missionary stations, with twenty missionaries. The Churches contain 210 members, in a community of 720 christians. The 23 vernacular schools contain 600 boys and 30 girls: the boarding schools number 43 boys and 110 girls: six English schools contain 340 boys. The New Testament has just been revised: and the Old Testament is nearly completed: a small stock of tracts and books has been prepared. A mission-press at Vizagapatam is wholly devoted to Telugu literature. But sixteen years ago, few of these agencies were in operation in only two localities: under God's blessing they have all increased and are being employed efficiently. May they be speedily rendered fruitful in the conversion of souls!

THE GHAUTS.

The Telugu country is separated from the high land of central India, by a rugged belt of mountains called the Ghauts. Whoever therefore wishes to go from the plains of the Carnatic into the Mysore, must pass through the mountain chain. These Ghauts are in most places immense conical hills varying from six hundred to eleven hundred feet in height: they run generally in a direction from North East to South West. In some parts they stand close together; the few ravines are abrupt; and the rugged fronts of these rocky hills present an almost perpendicular wall to the traveller. In other places the ravines are wider, and allow opportunities for constructing carriage roads. A few of the passes are easy of ascent, but the majority are very difficult. The belt of Ghauts, varies from three to ten miles in depth: and in passing through this district or along its face, the traveller sees near and around him nothing but these majestic hills. Sometimes they seem to be following each other like mighty waves over the land: sometimes they form a solid barrier to all advance. Their individual appearance greatly varies. Some are covered with jungle to the very summit: others are more bare, and from the loose masses of bleached rock lying upon their surface, seem at a distance covered with well-built towns. Some have only broken fragments of rock scattered over their grassy slopes: but others are adorned with mighty boulders, that assume the most singular forms. Of these boulders some resemble huge heads, or solid cottages, or hulls of ships: all are of granite, blackened and weather-worn by the storms of thousands of years. Whose hand scattered them there in such profusion? From the day when the first aborigines that took possession of the land, walked in their midst, all changes in Indian Society have passed before their eyes. The Brahmin

and the Khetriya passed through them to conquer the first owners of the soil. Before them the Mogul seized the Brahmin's patrimony. Through them the Mahrattas on their swift horses carried off the plunder of the plains: and Hyder and Tippu fought battles at their feet. They have seen injustice, oppression and war, and before God are witnesses. Man has passed away; generation has followed generation: but the hills abide there still. Their very stability is to us an element of comfort. Solid and long enduring as they have been "the mountains shall depart and the hills be removed; but the Word of the Lord endureth for ever." That word has said that the knowledge of the Lord SHALL cover the earth. "All nations, shall serve HIM."

THE CANARESE MISSIONS IN THE MYSORE.

The high table-land to which the Ghaut-passes lead, and which lies three thousand feet above the Carnatic plains, is a noble sphere for missionary labour. It stretches away five hundred miles from north to south, from Belgaum in the Mahratta country to the Nilgherry hills: and contains nearly five millions of inhabitants. It contains the Principality of Coorg, the districts of Bellary and Kurnool, and the great province of MYSORE. It presents to the eye a broad undulating plain, pierced here and there by hills; some of which like Nundydroog and Severndroog, from their precipitous character, furnish natural fortresses for the defence of the territory. Grey granite every where abounds; and its fine slabs furnish the natives with their doorsteps and the front of their shops. Of these several districts the MYSORE is best known and in the best condition. Its Government is efficient; the administration of justice is prompt; the roads are in the finest order: the climate is salubrious, heat rising only to 88° in the hot weather, and falling to 61° in the colder season. Trade is prosperous: the soil is fertile: property is secure. Every thing invites the missionary to come forth and exhibit to perishing idolaters the lifegiving gospel of Christ. The town of Bangalore, in the centre of the province, is its chief city.. It contains more than 100,000 inhabitants. Of these the real native Canarese population reside in the Pettah or native town, but the larger number are Tamils attached to the cantonment. The military force consists of no less than three native Regiments; a Regiment of English Foot, one of European cavalry: the usual detail of artillery and the staff. The town is also the seat of the Government, the