the last session, and was defeated in the House high land above St. Louis, which happens to cross more important artificial means of inby four votes in consequence of some misun be Alton. This is but twenty-four miles ter communication, than probably any other standing between the friends of a similar above St. Louis, and at Alton ferry boats will railroad in the country. To name a few, all grant asked for in the south and the delega- connect with the railroad to convey freight in the state of Ohio. It would cross the tion from Illinois. There is little or no doubt and passengers to St. Louis. If the road Wellsville and Cleveland, railroad-the that the application will be successful at the terminated opposite St. Louis, ferry boats Ohio canal-the Cleveland, Columbus and present session. It is so obvionsly to the ad would be equally necessary. The cost of Cincinnati railroad, and the Cincinnati and vantage of the government to make this dis- the road to Alton will be much less than to Sandusky railroad, all connecting the lakes position of its lands on all important routes, a point opposite St. Louis. The eight miles with the Ohio river, and all acting as so and the policy is sustained by such distin- of the American bottom are subject to over- many artificial channels to convey passen. guished names among the opponents of inflow, and would cost a large sum originally gers and produce to the main great trunk.ternal improvement by the General Govern- and require heavy outlays for repairs. Then it will intersect the most important ment, that we look to this appropriation with "At the last session of the Illinois legis public works in Indiana, and by means of great confidence. If it be made, there will lature, a most powerful and ferocious effort lateral branches, the railroad of Michigan be no difficulty in completing the road. was made to obtain a charter for a road to and northern Illinois. No railroad could be We look upon this road as one of the terminate opposite St. Louis, and connect projected on the whole continent, possessing most important ones in the Union. If made, with roads through Indiana and Ohio, but the so many and so important advantages of it will be a part of the main trunk of rail effort failed. It will probably be again re-connection as this. In comparison with them, road communication between the east and newed this winter, but we have good reason those of the Louisville route, sink into in the west. This trunk will pass through for believing that it will not meet with as significance. And what has the Louisville Lexington to the mouth of Big Sandy, thence much favor as before. If so, the project will route to offer, in reference to connections? to connect with the Baltimore road or the probably be altogether abandoned. "It would intersect the Ohio at the Falls!" Richmond road A glance at the map will "It is estimated that the entire cost of the What a vast advantage for travellers, and show that it is much the shortest route from railroad from Louisville to Alton will be but freight, going west, to find that when all the St. Louis to Baltimore, while it runs in a lat $2,750,000 and that a profit can be realized difficulties of navigation had been overcome, itude in which the snows are not trouble of 20 per cent, as soon as the road is com- a railroad awaiting them. So of travellers some nor the winters long. And the route pleted. It will intersect the eastern edge of and freight, coming east, the railroad would possesses the advantage of being nearly lev- the coal field sixty miles from Louisville.-leave them at the most important point; for el the whole way from St. Louis to the This edge abounds in iron ore. There will the idea of a railroad running through the mouth of Big Sandy. From Alton to Mt be a wonderful tide of travel between the two hills of Kentucky, parallel with the Ohio Carmel, it is estimated that a road with a extremities, besides an unusual quantity of river for three or four hundred miles, and large Trail, and fully furnished, will not way-business along the whole ime. The then overcoming the rugged mountains of cost over $9,000 a mile. From Mt. Carmel city of Louisville should do everything in Virginia, passing for a great part of the way to Louisville it is stated on good authority its power to promote the success of this en-through a sparely populated country, is too that an excellent route can be obtained-terprise. preposterous for consideration. But would From this city to Frankfort the cost will but "On the above interesting article, we have not the Pittsburg route intersect the Ohio riv. little exceed $10,000 a mile. From Lexing space for comments but on two points. er, by means of the various roads it would ton to the mouth of Big Sandy, a route nearly level along a ridge can be obtained for through Indianapolis and middle Ohio to ion could give to the Louisville project First. The assertion that the route cross, some of which are now in operation? Surely. All the advantages such intersecthe whole distance. The whole route from Pittsburg, would be longer and more expen would be possessed by our central road. St. Louis to the mouth of Big Sandy would sive" than the Louisville route, is not found. probably not average over 12,000 a mile ed on any correct data. The length of the But then there are two other very impor completely furnished with locomotives, cars, route, from Alton to Baltimore, by way of tant advantages possessed by the Pittsburg depois, &c. Louisville, considering the character of the route, over the Louisville or Cincinnati.— "The route spoken of through Indianap country through which it would have to The first is, it commands the trade of the olis and middle Ohio to Pittsburg would be pass, which would cause great variations vast Lake country, not second to any other a longer and much more expensive route, from a direct line, would be much greater in the Union. The other is, its connection and would lie in a higher latitude. It would than a middle route from St. Louis to Pitts east from Pittsburg, is sure, and in rapid pronot touch the Ohio, nor any important rail burg, and the central road to Philadelphia. cess of completion. The construction of a road trunk. The St. Louis and Louisville As to expense, the comparison is greatly in road from Louisville east, is perfectly hoperoad, on the other hand, would intersect the favor of the Pittsburg route. By the Louis-less, at least for a generation or two to come; Ohio at the Falls, affording the railroad pasville route, all the large streams flowing and that from Cincinnati to Baltimore is far sengers an opportunity of taking the river, into the Ohio, below that city, have to be from being in a flattering condition. On the and river passengers the opportunity of tak crossed by expensive bridges, and it is wel Pittsburg route, all the arrangements are ing the road; and it would also connect known that the nearer you approach the made for the states of Pennsylvania and with the great southern trunk of railroads Ohio river, the more difficult and broken Ohio, and the road passing through a hignly destined to pass from Louisville, and branch- does the country become. On the Pittsbug cultivated country, will pay a good dividend ing in North Alabama, to Gorgia and South route, the level table lands are followed for from its local trade alone, and will conse Carolina, Mobile, and New Orleans. There the whole distance, until near the Mississip-quently be rapidly pushed on the Mississip is no earthly comparison between the propos pi; crossing no large streams, and incurring pi. route via Louisville. ed route from St. Louis to Pittsburg and the little expense for bridging. This is a mos! "Second. The second point for comment, remarkable topographical feature. The is the fact stated by the Louisville paper, The Mt. Carmel road terminates at Al-" high latitude" would be a low one compar- that a bill to grant alternate sections of land, ton, where there is high land, instead of pased with the most successful railroads in the six miles on each side of the Louisville and sing eight miles over the American bottom country, and will secure to it an immense Alton route, passed the Senate of the United to a point opposite St. Louis. Illinois is not trade in wheat, not equalled by any route in States, at the last session of Congress, and disposed to contribute to the building up of a the world. Its not touching the Ohio," is was defeated in the house by only four votes, city in another state without a chance of con greatly in its favor, as it will not then come and that the application is to be again made tributing to the growth of one on her own into direct competition with steamboat trade at the approaching session. Now, what we shores; and, as the shore opposite St. Louis As to its not touching "any important rail-wish to call attention to is, that the friends of is too low and unhealthy for a city, she has road trunk," nothing could be farther from (the Pittsburg route ought to endeavor to inchartered the road to terminate at the first the facts in the case. It will intersect and 'corporate in the bill, a similar grant to their a contemplated middle route. "To the citizens of the central parts of Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois, and St. Louis, this great central road is of the last importance, and we call their especial attention to it. The road is now surveyed from Philadel phia to Mansfield, in Ohio. It is finished to Harrisburgh, from Harrisburgh to Lewistown, it will be finished by May next; in December, 1819, it will be finished to Hat tingdon; in May following, it will be finish nature of the case will admit; and from that ana and Illinois will see, that all they have to do, to secure the benefits of this great ar. tificial thoroughfare, will be to procure from their several legislatures liberal charters, authorizing them to connect with the Pennsyl Opened Expenditure at Expendi- London to Bris- tare, Dec 31. 1817. £ 5,877,000 5.945,000 7.480,000 increased mileage of the railways we are working in connection with the trunk line. To do this we have necessarily increased the accommodation of the trunk line; and this accounts for the swelling of the expenditure on the trunk line. It is an expenditure really chargeable on the new branches, forced upon us by the public. 7.655,000 The latter view is no doubt in the main the These lines when opened were 128 miles true one: still there is probably some truth long, and were on the 31st of December 1847 in the charges of the grumbleis; and it ap still only 123 miles long, as before, and yet pears to us that there never can be any end the expenditure upon them had crept up by to the doubts on-these points. Until stock is £1,710.000, or 29 per cent. the old lines. periodically taken on every completed railIn the companies now amalgamated as the way, on the principle we explained as to deLondon and North-Western company, it will preciation of engines (see p 749)-that is to be found that the capital expenditure, has in- say, until the locomotive stock, the rails and ed, in connection with the Portage railroad: to Johnstown; from Johnstown to creased since the opening by about 4,000,000, sleepers, and the stations or other works the route is surveyed, and will be put under excluding altogether fictitious capital created which are about to be altered or enlarged, contract in two or three months. From Pits on new lines undertaken, excluding even the are periodically valued-any addition to the tunnel to the docks at Liverpool. A similar value, under any of these heads of expendi burg to Beaver, we have steamboat naviga tion, but he route is surveyed, and will be increase, we believe, will be found on any of ture, being charged to capital, and any defi ciency in the value debited against revenue, put under contract as soon as the western The London and South-Western company -we shall then, and only then, be sure that sections are fairly started; from Beaver west for every addition to capital expenditure addito Salem, forty miles will be put under conppears best in this view of the case; for tional value can be shown. their expenditure on the line to Southampton tract as soon as the necessary preparations and Gosport has only increased £200,000 We have so fully explained our meaning. can be made; from Salem west to Mansfield, since the opening, or by about 8 per cent, of as to engines, that it is scarcely necessary to the route will be prepared as speedily as the the expenditure. repeat the application of our rule as to perNow, what is the meaning of this extra-manent way, materials and stations. Perwest to the Ohio state line, correspondence ordinary swelling of the cost of a concern manent way, indeed, speaks for itself; but, to for its location is now in progress. From this statement, the people of Indi-long after it is apparently completed? Why avoid misapprehension as to stations and should the capital of a trunk railway, say works, let us take a case:-Say the stations 128 miles long, have increased by 30 or 40 have cost £20,000 at the time of our periodiPer cent, at the end of six years after it was cal valuation in January 1818, and are about opened, although a separate account has been to be enlarged and improved. In January opened for every additional mile of railway 1849, when the periodical valuation recurs, subsequently constructed, and the trunk line we find £50,000 has been spent on the sta is now only 125 miles long, as it was before? tion during the year, and the old station has Why was it not paid for, once for ever, with- disappeared-the materials having been sold in the first year after its opening? and if so, for £5,000. In this case, the station at D, how is it possible thas its cost should have being in January 1949 worth to value only one on encreasing at this pace? These are £50,000, should only stand at so much in the the questions continually occurring to share capital account; and the difference between. holders, and which lie at the root of much £20,000 and £5,000, the cost of the old staof the present doubt as to railway property. tion which has been pulled down, and the What, then, is the explanation of this ex-price at which the old material sold, should penditure? The enemies of railways, Arthur be charged upon revenue-such old station Smith, and others, will say, these items are having been expended or used up since the old debts, which were improperly kept back line opened. In the ordinary way of keepClosing of Capital Accounts of Completed to save appearance, but which, like murders, ing the capital account,probably this £50,000, are out at last. The item of "locomotive the cost of the new station, less £5,000 for As this is a matter in which the sharehold-stock," one large item of increase, is really the old material, would be simply added to ers in railroads in this country are deeply the replacement of old stock, which should the £30,000 before spent, and the station at interested as well as in Europe, we give the have been paid out of current revenue. The D would then stand in capital expenditure at views of an English writer in the R. W." stations" are the whole cost of the new and £65,000, while there would only be a station Chronicle, of October 21st, on the subject.magnificent stations lately built, capital" worth £50,000 to show for the money. having already paid for the old ones, pulled The principle for which we contend is, in It is an important question, and should be down, and therefore having been charged short, the common mercantile principle of maturely considered:improperly with two sets of stations, when taking stock periodically, adopted in every "A principal reason of the distrust which there is only one to show for the money-private business; and until this is done où prevails as to the accounts of railway com. These and similar charges will be the mode railways, we can have uo security that the panies, lies in the fact that the capital expen. of explanation which the enemies of boards capitals in revenue accounts are respectively diture debited to the old trunk lines and their will adduce. The directors and their friends debited with their due burthens; and that we first branches, long ago opened for traffic, will, on the other hand say, look at the arbi-jare not either on the one hand, as Mr Smith does not cease, but is continually creeping on. trary reduction of fares forced upon us, and says we are doing, paying dividends out of This is the gravamen of Mr Arthur Smiths the enormously increased quantity of busi capital by subtracting unduly yearly profits, charge, mixed up with much trade, and put ness we have now to do to earn the same as Capt. Huish says the London and Northforward with much ignorance. For instance, money. This has involved the necessity of Western railway company were on the eve the Great Westera Company's capital ac-a far greater quantity of locomotive stock, of doing. vania and Ohio road, without specifying any particular points. Having secured this, and an appropriation of land from Congress, with a commendible public spirit on the route, the whole road can be put under contract within! two years. Is this an unreasonable supposi tion? Greater things have been done by the energy of man. "St. Louis is deeply interested in this enterprize, and we expect she will render all the aid which can be given by her enterpriz ing population. Railways-How is it to be Done? count, excluding altogether the recently and of more extensive accommodation at This is the only way to close the capital finished or non-completed lines, stands thus: stations and elsewhere. Look again at the accounts; the meie prohibition to charge any more to the capital of the old lines would be that as the canal will not be carried over the moun- 4. Resolved, however, That the company deem absurd and impracticable, if their receipts and tain, it will not be a judicious expenditure to proper connexions between the Canal and the south business increased and are to increase, as it lay out $600,000 on the navigation of the Kanawha side of the James River, and also connexion with the Rivanna River, highly important to the interests should be their constant effort to make them: river-as it must and will be ultimately superseded of both the company and the State; and that the and as in the nature of things they must, by a railroad-just as the Pennsylvania canals are legislature be requested to grant the company such aid as will enable it to complete them. their capital expenditure must also increase to be superseded by a continuous railroad. -and this increase will be an honest increase It is of little moment what may be individual pre- the Canal, Dock, and Western Improvements, 5. Resolved, That the additional regulations for or not, as they are able to show increased ferences, and opinions, and prejudices, so long as adopted temporarily by the board of directors, and value of stock in trade or not. the spirit of the age, and the habits of the people presented by the president along with his annual are for accelerated speed. Revolutions seldom go report, be and the same are hereby sanctioned and backward, and more especially in the facilities for adopted, except the 1st and 3d, adopted on the 22nd travel, and the transacting of business; and as weil November, 1847, and on the 2nd March, 1848. The 1st Resolution was read and adopted. might we attempt to return to the old fashion mode The 2d Resolution was read. O. M. Crutchfield, "M. Lafond, an officer in the French naval ser- of carding wool by the hand, and spinning and Esq., proposed the following substitute: vice, has taken out a patent for a engine, in which chloroform, in conjunction with steam, is the mo weaving it in our families, as was done forty years lature for a loan of $60,000 for the erection of a lock That application be made to the tive power. A trial was made recently at the man- ago in New England, as to attempt to transact the and dam, at Tyler's shoal on the Kanawha River, ufactory of M. Charles Beslay, at Paris, in the pres-business of the country on canals yet to be construct-as recommended by the president in his annual reence of several engineers, manfactures, and depued. Those now in use, and nearly completed, will port in 1846. ties. The results obtained from this experiment Chloroform as a Motive Power. The following account gives us a new idea. find the article in the London Mining Journal. We were highly important, and indicative of consider. be used; but there is scarcely an instance of a canal "November 30th, 1848. On motion of Wm. H. Macfarland, Which substitute was rejected by the following vote, ayes 2811, noes 3030, and the resolution as reported by the committee was adopted. 3d and 4th resolutions read, and the following substitute offered by Thomas M. Bondurant, Esq.: Resolved, That the Legislature be requested to amend the act of the 10th February, 1848, providing for sundry connexions between the Canal and the south side of James River, so as to provide an amount of funds sufficient to construct said connections, without imposing on the company the duty to build the proposed bridge at Jefferson. Which substitute was rejected-ayes 1670, noes 4021. Thomas M. Bondurant, Esq., moved to recommit the subject to the committee, to report tomorrow night. Which motion was amended by Wm. Daniel, Jr. Esq., to submit the sane to a committee of three, to report to-night, which was adopted. The following substitute was reported by the committee, and adopted by the meeting: Resolved, That an application be made to the Legislature to enable the company to make the long postponed connexions with the south side, and to construct the Rivanna connection. Wm. H. Macfarland, Esq., offered the following at-resolution, which was adoped: Resolved, That the application of Messrs. Duval, Thereupon, Wm. M. Peyton, chairman of the James & Co., for a reduction of tolls on nails and committee of thirteen, presented the following suddenly condensed, the chloroform transformed to managers:— James River and Kanawha Company. REPORT. bar iron, manufactured at the Manakin works, on the line of the canal, and the application of Robert Carter Page, for a reduction of tolls on granite, be referred to the president and directors for their conto report such measures to the meeting of the stock-sideration and decision." holders as they may deem expedient, beg leave to report that they have had the same under consideration, and recommend the adoption of the following resolutions: We find the following paragraph in the Richmond Republican, of 4th ult., in relation to The Rappahannock Canal, 1. Resolved, That a memorial be presented to the We are pleased to learn, from the Fredericksburg On the 30th of November this company heldegislature, asking that the State may guarantee the News, that this improvement has been opened for their annual meeting at Richmond. bonds of the company, or otherwise lend its aid or navigation, and that boats are already arriving with On the nomination of Wm. M. Peyton, Esq., the credit, to enable the company to complete the pro-wood, lumber, flour, &c. Only 20 miles remain following gentlemen were unanimously elected pre-proposed connection between the Canal and tide portion will be completed by the 1st June next. This posed improvement of the Dock; and to make the unfinished, to Carter's Run in Fauquier, and that sident and directors of the company for the present water; and that if such application be granted, the opens up trade with the upper part of Fauquier and president and directors of the company are hereby Rappahannock, and portions of Page and ShenanPresident-W. B. Chittenden. authorised, for the purpose of securing the debt to doah. Directors-Thomas M. Bondurant, Samuel Mc-be so incurred, to execute such mortgage or other Corkle, Thomas H. Ellis, W. W. Boyd, and John year: S. Gallaher. in upon the Dock, and other real estate of the The South Branch of the Rappahannock, winding through the counties of Green, Madison, Orange and Culpeper, it is expected, will be improved to Liberty Mills, within a few miles of the Ridge, It is gratifying to us to see an early friend at the which will secure trade from the counties above head of this important company. A gentleman of 2. Resolved, That an application be respectfully named, and some portions of Rockingham, Shenanmore sterling integrity, of more elevated moral made to the next session of the legislature for aid to doah and Page. raise the sum of $600,000, for the construction of a The News anticipates great results from this imcharacter and views, or of more intense desire to lock and dam navigation for steamboats from the provement, and gives the proper meed of gratitude carry through, to a successful termination, the great mouth of the Great Kanawha to the Great Falls to A. J. Marshall, Esq., of Fauquier, who revived work with which he has been so long identified, thereof. the scheme after it had been torpid for many years, 3. Resolved, That the terms of the Act of Assem- and who, with that energy and unfaltering resocannot be found within the "old dominion." Long bly, passed 10th February, 1818, providing for con-lution for which he is distinguished, spent two may he live, with health improved, and energies nections between the Canal and the south side of years in giving it new vitality. We know someunimpaired, to be useful to the people of Virginia. James River, appear to the stockholders to be incon- thing of Mr. Marshal's intense application to this But with all our friendship for the man, and our sistent with the prior obligations of the company, object, and can heartily endorse the compliment due desire to see him prosper with the noble work to inasmuch as they propose a mortgage of a portion to him. which he has long been devoted, we cannot see as mortgage for other purposes; that the cost of the the present compyny, the Messrs. Gorden & Co., of the company's revenue which is already under The work, however, eventually devolved upon he sees, or feel as he feels, in relation to the results said connections would be greater than the sum of enterprising capitalists, to whom the public are also to follow the course now pursued by those having money provided by the said act; and that the com- indebted in an eminent degree. charge of the company. As we feel quite convinced pany, therefore, respectfully decline to accept its terms. The News thinks the old town of Fredericksburg is yet destined to rise in importance and wealth. CO Light Locomotive Engines with Carriages order to test her powers. The result has been er. We should mention, that in the trimmings of the carriages, is worked the monogram of the railway company-a tasteful novelty, introduced by Payne and Son, of Great Queen The opinion is becoming some what prevalent tha' We are indebted to the EUREKA, a valuable of Fuel.-We have just been shown a decided Improvement in the Steam Engine, Economy improvement in the practical working of the steam engine, which, as regards economy of fuel, and obtaining regularity of motion, we are satisfied must become an important acquisition in engineering. The discoverer of the peri-improvement is Mr. W. Rowan, of the firm of John Rowan and Sons, of York st. foundry, in this town, who has taken out a registered patent for the invention, which is now at work on several steam engines in town, and on one THE FAIRFIELD" RAILWAY STEAM CARRIAGE. lately erected by the above firm, of 41 horse About a year since, (October 30th, 1847,) we gave power, for Messrs. Langtry & Co. Fortadown. in our columes an engraving of a Lilliputian loco- The improvement is founded on a plain unermotive, constructed by Messrs. Adams and Co., of ring principle in mechanical science, and is Fairfield Works, for Mr. Samuel, the engineer of distinguished for the ease and facility by which the Eastern Counties railway. This carriage en-it can be applied to steam power of every degine was constructed for the supervision of the line scription. It simply consists of a slider, actto save the expense of the large machines. Anoth- ing in immediate connection with the goverer engine, intended to work branch lines of the Bris-nor, on the expansion vale, in such a manner tol and Exeter broad gauge, was last week making as to adapt the engine to the pressure, whatsome experimental trips on the West London, which ever that may be, by cutting off the steam at is laid for both gauges, or what is called the 'mixed' any given point of the stroke, while the engine gauge-and the results were highly satisfactory; is at work, and thereby securing at once reguputting beyond all doubt the soundness of the princi larity of motion, and an immense saving of ple. fuel of fuel in proportion to the power emThe order for this steam carriage was given to ployed. We are satisfied that the mercantile Messrs. Adams and Co., by Mr. Charles Hutton community, especially the extensive manufacGregory, the engineer of the Bristol and Exeter line, turers of this town and neighborhood, will not under the sanction of his directors, after a single be slow to take advantage of so valuable an trial of the Lilliputian locomotive of Mr. Samuel, acquisition in that all important agent in their which is christened the "Express." The conviction affairs, the steam engine.-Banner of Uister. was conclusive in the mind of Mr. Gregory, that Ice. The intrinsic value of ice, like that of light steam carriages were not only practical, but metals, depends on the investigation of an aseconomical, and that by their agency profits might sayer. That is to say a cubic foot of Lower be made on branch lines which previously had Canada ice, is infinitely more cold than a cuyielded only losses. bic foot of Upper Canada ice, which contains Still, though the "Express" was a little "fact," which contains infinitely more cold than a cu ,,more cold than a cubic foot of Wenham ice, the passenger carriage had yet to become a greater bic foot of English ice; and thus, although fact, and doubts in abundance were circulated. each of those four cubic feet of ice has preBut united purpose grew from the conviction of mechanical truth; for it was not regarded as a proble- cisely the same shape, they each, as summer matic scheme, but as a well ascertained plan. approaches, diminish in value-that is to say, they each gradually lose a proportion of their The design and plan of the "Fairfield" is by the cold, until long before the Lower Canada ice patentee. It was approved by Charles Hutton Gre- has melted, the English ice has been convertgory, who gave the carriage its name. The engine ed into lukewarm water.-Chambers' Edenburg is peculiar, as will be seen by the view we have gi- Journal. ven. The frame is, for convenience, made to bolt An Experimental Vessel.-There is now to the carriage firmly, in a separate length, so as to loading in the North Docks, Sumlerland, an remove with facility, in case of repairs. The boil- experimental vessel, named the Mary Caroer is tubular and vertical, 3 feet in diameter, and 6 line, built by Mr. Siddon, of Rochester, who feet high-150 tubes, 4 feet in length, 1 inches dia- is also the owner. She has no keel, but is flat meter. Fire box, 2 feet high, 2 feet 6 inches diame-bottomed, and built in the barge style. Neithter. This will give 20 square feet of heating sur-er is he caulked-the seams are lined with fact in the fire box, 150 feet tube surface in the wa- felt. She is 224 tons register, and carries 4000 ter, and 50 feet in the steam, which has great effect yards canvass when in full sail; and when in drying it before it leaves the boiler. The verti- full laden with 20 keels of coals, she draws cal tubes are found to generate steam very rapidly. only 9 feet of water. She is intended for the The cylinders are 8 inches in diameter, and of 12 inches stroke. The pistons communicate by their connect- French trade. On the run down, with a N. ing rods with a separate crank shaft, on which are placed the excentrics. The driving wheels, (4 feet 6 in. in N. W., wind, she outstriped 40 colliers.-Durdiameter), the axle of which is in front of the boiler, are put in motion by side rods or crank pins. Thus when ham Advertiser. the side rods are removed, the whole becomes an ordinary wheel carriage. The tank is in front of the boiler, Scientific Discovery.-The Rev. Dr. Callan, and will contain 220 gallons of water. The coke box is attached to the carriage end. The fuel and water professor of natural philosophy in Maynooth would be sufficient for a journey of about forty miles. The first class compartment is fitted for 16 passengers, college, has made a very important discovery but 6 extras could find room. The second class will carry 32, but on occasions 48-total 60. The running in galvanism; he has found that common wheels are 3 feet 6 inches in diameter, and run independently on their axles, as well as the usual movement of cast iron is greatly superior as a negative pole the axles in the journals. The frame is within nine inches of the rails, and no steps are required. The total even to platina; that a battery of such materi weight is estimated at ten tons; and the consumption of coke will be under 10 pounds per mile. al, with the usual positive poles, is much more The steam carriage was delivered on to the West London before she was in thorough working condition, in powerful than Grove's or Woolaston's batteries. MATTEWAN MACHINE WORKS. HAVE DIRECT ACTION ENGINES AND ALS0 UDSON RIVER RAILROAD. FOR SPIKES.Proposals will be received at the office of the Com- added to their Machine Works, an extensive pany, No. 54 Wall street, until the 15th day of Feb. LOCOMOTIVE ENGINE department, and are prepared rnary next, for a quantity of Wrought Iron Rail- to execute orders for Locomotive Engines of every road Spikes, from fifty to two hundred tons, (of size and pattern-also, Tenders, Wheels, Ales, and THE ANNULAR RING PISTON ENGINES, 2000 lbs.) to be delivered at such wharf or wharves other Railroad Machinery, to which they ask the at- of Messrs. Mauldslay, Sons & Field, of London, on the line of said Railroad as may be designated tention of those who wish such articles, before they may be built in the United States, under license, by the Chief Engineer in the employment of said purchase elsewhere. which can be obtained of their agent, THOMAS PROSSER, C. E., 26 Platt sheet, New York. Company. The Spikes to be nine-sixteenths of an STATIONARY ENGINES, BOILERS, ETC., Office JOHN B. JERVIS, Chief Engineer. New York, 10th Jan., 1819. ULLER'S PATENT 312 MILL GEARING, Of every description, may be had ai short notice, asi RUBBER Turning Lathes, Stabbing, Plaining, Cutting, and FSPRINGS. The Commissioner of Pagus Drilling Machines, of the most approved patterns, has dissolved the interference which had been de- together with all other tools required in inachine clared against this Patent. The Patentee is ready shops, may be had at the Mattewan Company's to supply the springs upon the shortest notice, in Shops, Fishkill Landing, or at any quantity, and at a moderate cost. They have now been in use for nearly 4 years, with e mplete success. They are made of the best materials, are economical, both as to cost and wear; are light and very easy in their motion. TICOLL'S PATENT SAFETY SWITCH for Railroad Turnouts. This invention, for some time in successful operation on one of the principal railroads in the country, effectually prevents engines and their trains from running off the track at a switch, left wrong by accident or design. It acts independently of the main track rails, being laid down, or removed, without cutting or displacing them. It is never touched by passing trains, except when in use, preventing their running off the track. It is simple in its construction and operation, requiring only two Castings and two Rails; the latter, even if much worn or used, not objectionable. Working Models of the Switch may be May 6, 1818. WILLIAM JESSOP & SONS, Best and 24 gy. Sheet Steel-for Saws and other Genuine "Sykes," L Blister Steel. All of which are offered for sale on the most fa vorable terms, by WM. JESSOP & SONS, 91 John Street, New York, Also by their Agents 39 Pine Street, New York. racy of weight and despatch in weighing-and the NEW PATENT CAR WHEELS. manufacture. We would refer Railroad Companies and others to the following roads that have them in use. Hartford and New Haven, Connecticut River Railroad, Housatonic, Harlem, Farmington, and Stonington. SIZER & CO. Springfield, Mass, January 29, 1848. tf seen at Messrs. Davenport and Bridges, Cambridge- and other principal Railroads in the Western, Mid-R Tyres imported to order and constantly on hard ja45 E. & F. FAIRBANKS & CO. RON BRIDGES, BRIDGE & ROOF BOLTS, Pand Boat Spikes. The Albany Iron and Nail & of having at great expense established a Manufactory Works have always on hand, of their own manufacwith every facility of Machinery, for manufacturing cure, a large assortment of Railroad, Ship and Boat Iron Bridges, Bridge and Roof Bolts, together with Spikes, from 2 to 12 inches in length, and of any form all kinds of the larger sizes of Screw Bolts, Iron of head. From the excellence of the material alRailings, Steam Boilers, and every description of ways used in their manufacture, and their very genAILROAD IRON--SHEET IRON-wrought iron work, are prepared to furnish to order, eral use for railroads and other purposes in this counBRASIER'S RODS-HOOPS-SCROLL on the shortest notice, any of the above branches, of try, the manufacturers have no hesitation in warrantthe very best of American Refined Iron, and at the ing them fully equal to the best spikes in market,BANK'S BEST-& OTHER GOOD MAKES both as to quality and appearance. All orders ad- OF ENGLISH IRON. lowest rates. August 5, 1818-3m* During the past year S. & P. have furnished sev-dressed to the subscriber at the works, will be prompt- 100 Tons Railroad Iron-Staffordshire makeeral Iron Bridges for the Erie Canal, Albany Basin,ly executed. JOHN F. WINSLOW, Agent. 56 pounds per yard-shipped from Liverpool 20th etc., and a large amount of Railroad Bridge Bolts, Albany Iron and Nail Works, Troy, N. Y. Juty, expected to land on wharf from 10th to 20th all of which have given the most perfect satisfaction. The above spikes may be had at factory prices, of September. They are permitted to refer to the following gen- Erastus Corning & Co., Albany; Hart & Merritt, Also have Invoices of Sheet Iron, Brasier's Rods, New York; J. H. Whitney, do.; E. J. Etting, Phil-Hops, Scroll, and Band Iron, Banks best, and oth adelphia; Wm. E. Coffin & Co, Boston. ja45 er good makes of English Roiled Iron, to arrive, suitable for Railroad Axles, etc., etc., equal in qual RAILROAD IRON. lity to American Rolled Iron. I have agency of se HE NEW JERSEY IRON CO'S WORKS, veral best makers in England and Wales, and can The Boonton, are now in full operation, and can import for Railroad Companies, and others, on bes |