4. Words, abbreviated in the manuscripts, are written at length in the Harmony; and the Arabic figures are used, for brevity's sake, instead of the Roman numerals, which are universally found in the manuscripts of the original writers.

5. As the Harmony is intended for historical and not philological purposes, the text of the chronicles is given, not in the original Latin, but in an English literal translation. But the spelling of proper names, both in the Saxon column, which gives a vernacular idiom, and in the other chroniclers, who wrote in Latin, has been carefully retained, except in cases of manifest error.

6. The whole text of the six principal chroniclers between the years 849 and 901 has been given; and, in the same way, the whole of the supplementary chronicles, and all the Charters between the same dates, have been noticed in the Harmony.

7. Wherever, in either of the columns, a paragraph has been displaced for the purpose of juxta-position, small figures, denoting the original order, have been prefixed to each paragraph, or an explanatory note has been attached. By these means the reader may for himself reconstruct the chronicle, in its original state.

849

Florence

Huntingdon

Saron Chronicle

Asser

Ethelwerd 849 mund of Eafa, Eafa of Eop- the son of Eafa, who was the his great-grandfather Eafa, pa, Eoppa of Ingild; Ingild son of Eowwa, who was the whose father was Eoppa, and was brother of Ine king of son of Ingild, ---Ingild, and his great-grandfather's grandthe West-Saxons, he who held Ine, 1 the famous king of father was Ingild, brother of the kingdom thirty seven the West-Saxons, were two Ine, king of the Westernwinters, and afterwards went brothers. Ine went to Rome, Angles, who ended his life to St Peter, and there resig- and there ending this life at Rome; and the abovened his life ; and they were honourably, entered the hea- named kings derived their the sons of Cenred, Cenred venly kingdom, to reign origin from king Cenred. of Ceolwald, Ceolwald of there for ever with Christ- Cenred was the son of CeolCutha, Cutha of Cuthwine, Ingild and Ine were the sons wald, son of Cuthwine, son of Cụthwine of Ceaulin, Ceawlin of Coenred, who was the son Ceaulin, son of Cynric, son of Cynric, Cynric of Cerdic, of Ceolwalde, who was the son of Cerdic, wbo also was the Cerdic of Elesa, Elesa of Esla, of Cudam, who was the son first possessor of the western Esla of Gewis, Gewis of Wig, of Cuthwine, who was the son part of Britain, after had Wig of Freawine, Freawine of Ceaulin, who was the son defeated the armies of the of Frithogar, Frithogar of of Cynric, who was the son Britons : his father was Elesa, Brond, Brond of Bældæg, of Creoda, who was the son son of Esla, son of Geuuis, Bældæg of Woden, Woden of Cerdic, who was the son son of Wig, son of Freauuine, of Frithowald, Frithuwald of Elesa, who was the son of son of Frithogar,son of Brond, of Frealaf, Frealaf of Fri- Gewis, from whom the Bri- son of Balder, son of Uuothen, thuwulf, Frithuwulf of Fin, tons name all that nation son of Frithouuald, son of Fin of Godwulf, Godwulf Gegwis, 1 who was the son Frealaf, son of Frithouulf, of Geat,

of Brond, who was the son son of Fin, son of Goduulfe,
of Belde, who was the son

son of Geat,
of Woden, who was the son
of Frithowalde, who was the
son of Frealaf, who was the
son of Frithuwulf, who was

|| Here are omitted the words 'who the son of Fin ll Godwulf,

was the son of '; for Fin and God1 Or Ina. His memory is still who was the son of Geat, were two distinct persons, preserved as a “household word,” by the verger of Wells cathedral. which Geat the pagans long father and son. There are many

other similar errors in all the six

worshipped as a god, chronicles ; but it will be unnecessGewissæ, the West-Saxons.

ary to notice them : the parallel columns of the others will, in almost

every case, indicate and correct the Sedulius makes mention of him in his metrical poem, as

follows:

wulf

error.

When gentile poets with their fictions vain
In tragic language and bombastic strain
To their god Geta, comic deity.

Loud praises sing, &c.

Geat of
Tætwa, Tætwa of Beaw,
Beaw of Sceldwa, Sceldwea

son

Geata was the son of Cætwa,

son of Tetuua, who was the son of Beaw, son of Beo, son of Scyld, who was the son of Sceldwea, of Scef. This Scef

erd 849

Huntingdon

Fine, son of Cynric, son so was the the western

ter he had es of the was Elesa,

of Genuis reauuine,

of Brond, Vuothen, , son of Tithouulf

, joduulle,

2

was

Saron Chronicle

Asser

Ethelwerd 81.9
red, Maleel, Cainon, Enos, who was the son of Methu-
Seth, Adam, primus homo et salem, who was the sonof
pater noster, id est Christus. Enoch, who was the son of
Amen.

Malaleel, who was the son
of Cainan, who was the son
of Enos, who was the son of
Seth, who was the son of

Adam.
The mother of Alfred was
named Osburgh, a religious
woman, noble both by birth
and by nature ;

she

daughter of Oslac, the famous CHARTERS IN 849, 1. ALHHUN

butler of king Æthelwulf, bishop of Worcester. Kemble's Codex, vol. II, p. 33. 2. BERTWOLP,

which Oslac was a Goth by king of Mercia, Ib. p. 34. nation, descended from the

Goths and Jutes, of the seed,
namely, of Stuf and Wihtzur,
two brothers and counts;
who, having received posses-
sion of the Isle of Wight from
their uncle, king Cerdic,
and his son Cynric their

The Wihtwara, or in the Latin
cousin, slew the few British

form, VECTUARII, are the “inhainhabitants whom they could

bitants of Wight; hence " Wihtgafind in that island, at a place tants of Wight:

raburg" the " town of the inhabi

its modern name
called Gwihtgaraburhg;* for is CARISBROOK. MATTHEW
the other inhabitants of the

of

851 Florence

Hantingdon

Simeon salem, who was the son of

lem, who was the son of Enoch, who was the son of

Enoch, who was the son of Jared, who was the son of

Malaleel, who was the son of Malaliel, who was the son of

Canaan, who was the son of Cainan, who was the son of

Enos, who was the son of Enos, who was the son of

Seth, who was the son of
Seth, who was the son of

Adam the first man.
Adam.

But the mother of king Elfred
The mother of Alfred was

was called Osburg ; she was named Osburga, a religious

a very religious woman and woman, noble both by birth

noble in disposition, which and by nature; she was

nobility she adorned with daughter of Oslac, the famous

prudence of mind.

Her butler of king Ætheluulf,

father also was called Oslac; which Oslac was a Goth by

he was the devoted and nation, descended from the

faithful butler of king EthelGoths and Jutes, of the seed,

wlf. For he was sprung namely, of Stuf and Wihtgar,

from the Goths and the Jutes, two brothers and counts,

of the seed of Stuph and who, having received posses

Wihtgar, two brothers. sion of the Isle of Wight from their uncle, king Cerdic, and his son Cynric_their

Having premised these cousin, slew the few British

things, let us now, as far as inhabitants whom they could

we can, pursue the course of find in that island, at a place

the work, which we have called Wihtgarabirig; for

undertaken. the other inhabitants of the island had either been slain before, or escaped into exile. 850. On the calends of June (June 1], the eve of Whitsunday, Berhtferth, son of Berhtulf king of the Mercians, unjustly slew his relation St Wistan. Now this man was the grandson of two Mercian kings: for his father Wigmund was son of king Wiglaf, but his mother Ælfeda was daughter of king Ceoluulf. But his body, being borne to the monastery at that time so famous, named Reopedun [Repton), was buried in the mausoleum of his grandfather king Wiglaf. To his martyrdom heavenly miracles were not wanting: for from the place in which the innocent youth was slain, a colunin of light, stretching up to heaven, was visible for 30 days to all the neighbours of that place. djl. Ceorl earl of Devon, The consui also named

In the year of our Lord's with the men of Devon, fought Ceorl, with the people of incarnation 851 and the third against the pagans at a place Devonshire, fought against from the birth of Alfred, earl called Wicganbeorh ; and the pagans, and slew many, Ceorl fought against the the Christians gained the vic- and was victorious at Wien- Danes, and the Christians tory.

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