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Steam Navigation, Commerce, Finance, Banking, Machinery, Mining, Manufactures.

ND QUARTO SERIES.-VOL. XXXVII., No. 51.]

Leaves From Old Journals.
SOME RAILROAD INCIDENTS.

BY THE HON. JOSIAH QUINCY.

NEW YORK, DECEMBER 17, 1881.

ing was so strong that the legislature was compelled
to give much that was wanted, though not all that
was asked. The railroads were compelled to do
something to earn the ten per cent which they ex-
aeted from the public; some of it, too, representing
no legitimate outlay in stock. On the 19th of April.
1880, my journal records a chance meeting with the
late Judge Colt, one of the able counsel who were
retained for the railroads. He spoke of the revival
of commercial interests and of the increase of gen-
eral prosperity which had resulted from the compul-
sory union of the Western and Worcester roads,
together with the fiat of the legislature, which
obliged the tracks to be carried to deep water.
"You would never have brought this about," he

SHALL merely glance at a great subject. The
y of the inside management of our earlier rail-
ds is aside from the purpose of the present papers.
dents of finance would be interested in the per-
xities which were surmounted, the expedients
t were tried, the bitter opposition that was
rked down; but for the general reader it is suf-
ent to say that the Massachusetts railroads were
ilt by patriotic men for the public benefit. Few
ieved in them as investments, and the State, when
r franchise was asked, burdened it with a condi-
n most creditable to the foresight of her legislat-said, "had it not been for that power of purchase
1. I quote the protective clause, which permits which the State had reserved. That was the fulcrum
people to foreclose on any one of the old railroads upon which the lever rested by which inert masses
lenever they choose to do so:-
were moved aside for the benefit of the public." It
was even so.

"The Commonwealth may at any time during the

ntinuance of a charter of any railroad corporation, There was one question which could not be avoided
ter the expiration of twenty years from the open-after the establishment of railroads: "What are the
g of said railroad for use, purchase of the corpora-
in the said railroad and all the franchise, property, rights of negroes in respect to this new mode of loco-
hts and privileges of the corporation, by paying motion." And the general voice of the community
em therefor such a sum as will reimburse them
e amount of capital paid in, with a net profit there-
of ten per cent per annum from the time of the
yment thereof by the stockholders to the time of
ch purchase."

[WHOLE NO. 2,382.-VOL. LIV.

ing his ease in a first-class carriage. There had been some words between them, which I did not perfectly hear. What I did hear, upon taking my position at the little window, was this:

Southerner: "You black rascal, so you're a voter here, are you?"

Negro: "Yes, I am a free citizen and a voter." Southerner: "Well, I have taken just such fellows aa you and tied them up by their thumbs and whipped them till the blood ran down to their heels." Negro: "Then, sir, you shed your brother's blood."

Southerner: "Why, you nigger, you don't mean to say that I'm your brother ?"

Negro: "Yes; for it is written that He made of one blood all nations of men for to dwell on the face of the earth."

The effect of this quotation was as the last straw upon the burdened camel. It fairly broke the patience of the knightly personage who had entered the carriage. Ho instantly sprang upon the negro, catching him by the collar; and almost as quickly I entered the compartment and ordered him

to desist.

"Well, who are you?" said the assailant, with a mighty oath. I replied that I was the president of the road, and should see that he was arrested if he did not immediately leave the carriage; and, having said this, I added a few words of measureless contempt for his conduct. Muttering some profanity, the man left the compartment, while I called the conductor to show him to the proper coach. At that time the trains made quite a stop at Mansfield, during which most of the passengers left the cars. I was standing upon the platform of that waystation, when the Southerner approached me, with a beaming face and all the suavity of manner which was characteristic of slaveholders when upon their good behavior at the North. He gracefully apologized for his conduct, saying that he was not accustemed to see negroes treated as white persons, and that the sudden introduction to such a spectacle had caused an excitement that he was unable to control. Before he had finished speaking, we were joined by

replied in the usual chorus: "Neither here nor elsewhere have they any rights which a white man is bound to respect." The prejudice against persons of color can be but faintly realized at the present time. There is statesmanship looking out for to-morrow No public conveyance would carry them; no hotel well as for to-day! Let us remember this when would receive them, except as servants to a white > are disposed to rail at the lack of intelligence in master. The day in May when our State government r democratic legislation. Proceeding upon the was organized was universally called "Nigger 'Lecme line, Massachusetts, before giving her last in- tion," because on that day negroes were accorded the allment of assistance to the road connecting her privilege of appearing on the Common; whereas, if pital with Albany and the West, reserved the right one of this class of citizen's presumed to enter the purchase the same by paying the par value of the Common on Artillery Election (which took place lares, with seven per cent thereon. It would take about a month later), he was liable to be pursued any millions of dollars to measure the value of and stoned by a crowd of roughs and boys. After ese morsels of legislation to the Bay State. It the Providence Railroad opened the shortest route to ight be worth dollars to be reckoned by the hun- New York, it was found that an appreciable number red million had all our States similar writings upon of the despised race demanded transportation. eir statute-books. It is not the actual use of such Scenes of riot and violence took place, and, in the served rights, but their existence in terrorem then existing state of opinion, it seemed to me that hich protects the interests of society against the the difficulty could best be met by assigning a special reed of some small minority of its members. In car to our colored citizens. Some of our cars were $67 I petitioned the Legislature of Massachusetts then arranged like the old stage-coaches there exercise its power of purchase in the interest of being three compartments upon a truck. le people, and to assume the ownership of the rail- coaches communicated only by a small window at the ads connecting us with the West. The mighty top, and one of the compartments I assigned for the orporations took the field like regular armies, well exclusive use of colored persons. One morning at fficered, well disciplined, and with a full commis- Providence I entered the middle carriage, and was ariat. The people, so far as they could be heard presently attracted by voices in the next division om, were full of spirit; but they were an unorgan- that allotted to travelers of the black race. I arose red militia, without available funds to provide and looked through the little window just menaders and fee lawyers. The corporations managed tioned, and saw that a Southern gentleman (if by a "Well, take me home!" he said. "I've seen all prevent a purchase which would have doubled stretch of courtesy he may be so called) had entered I came for. Spectacles are good; but a nigger with he business of Boston, and, by its influence upon the compartment, which was occupied by a well- a visiting-card. It just knocks me down and makes ther roads, would have gone far to settle the ques-dressed negro, who wore spectacles. The Southener me as weak as a baby. A nigger with a visitinglon of cheap transportation. But the popular feel- was evidently much excited at finding a Negro tak-card !' Well, I am surely dreaming, and that's a fact."

These

the negro, who, in a manner no less gentlemanly,

thanked me for my interference, and, producing a

handsome pocket-book, offered me his card. The

amazement with which the gentleman from the South regarded this proceeding is altogether indescribable. His blank and helpless astonishment was of the sort

which might be succeeded by a burst of indignation

or a burst of laughter. Fortunately, the comic side

of this latter-day warning at length succeeded in making itself predominant.

The above incident is an extreme illustration of a state of feeling which has happily passed away. Its inhumanity was only equaled by its vulgarity. The

existence of slavery in the Southern States presented a difficult problem to thoughtful and patriotic citizen's, and good men were unable to agree upon the path of duty.

A Lecture on the Telegraph..
THE Rev. Edward S. Gregory, rector of one
of the Episcopal churches at Lynchburg, Va.,
delivered a lecture in that city recently on
"The Tongue of Fire," alias the telegraph.
The lecture was heard by a large and attentive
audience, and the discourse, being humorous
from first to last, the lecturer carried the crowd
with him. The Lynchburg News gives the
following summary of the interesting facts
stated by Mr. Gregory in his lecture:

that the discovery by Commodore Maury, of Newfoundland and Ireland, made the cable Virginia, of the telegraphic platean between under the Atlantic a possibility, and the pat

ronage of a Southern journal gave the first assistance to the original inventor. For the Baltimore Sun had received the first telegraphic report of a President's message in 1846, and the only press special that crossed the Atlantic over the ill-starred cable of 1858.

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The sources from which mighty rivers take their
rise have always been interesting to explorers.
They find some petty rivulet, which oozes out of the
mud, and marvel its feeble current should swell till
it bears the commerce of a nation. The beginnings
The lecturer described the process of the
of great departments of human enterprise have
"It began with a hasty glance at the various Morse system, and closed with a general sur-
something of the same interest, and I have just found devices for communicating at a distance before vey of the influence of the telegraph in civil-
an old letter, addressed to me on the 27th of October, the invention of the electric telegraph. Dean zation, the abolition of minor languages, as
1839, which led to results quite overpowering in Stanley was authority for the statement that prophesied by Prof. Mueller, &c. Reference
their magnitude. The writer is William F. Harn- the Jews used a system of signals to herald was made to the sympathy expressed in Mr.

den. He tells me that he has applied for a post of
conduc or upon the Western Railroad, and solicits their return to Jerusalem at the close of the
my influence, as treasurer of the road, "should you
Babylonian Captivity, 536 B. C. Polybius gave
think me worthy of the office." Harnden had been an account of the use of signaling by the glanc-
selling tickets at the Worcester Railroad depot, but ing of the sun on waving shields of brass. Sig-
found this occupation much too sedentary for his nals were used at the siege of Vienna by the
active nature. He was a man who wanted to be Turks, and in connection with the same ex-
moving. For some reason, which I do not recall, pedient as employed by Captain John Smith at
Harnden did not get the conductorship; but his ap- Olimpach the speaker defended the memory of
plication bronght me in contact with this lithe, intl the founder of Virginia against recent assail-
ligent young fellow, who wished to be on the go, and ants in a brief episode. An extract was read
I suggested to him a new sort of business, which in from Carlyle's History of the French Revolu-
the hands of a bright man I thought might be pushed tion, giving an account of Chappe's telegraph,
to success As director and president of the Provi-so-called, in the year of 1795. Leaving the
dence Railroad, I was compelled to make weekly
journeys to New York, where the bulk of our stock
was held. The days of my departure were well

Garfield's sufferings by the whole world through the wires, and the purchase of the telegraph by government, as in England, was advocated

A Lecture on Iron.

A LECTURE was delivered at the rooms of the Young Men's Christian Association, Montrea on the 28th ult., by Mr. Donald on the subjet of Iron. He spoke first of the vast quantities of iron, in a gaseous state, which had been c2covered by the spectroscope to exist in the sun The earth had probably been in the same ec2dition, but, as it cooled, the iron solidified and subject of signals, which he called the suburbs was gathered into masses. Iron is often found of the telegraph, the speaker spoke of Ben. in water-in running streams as the proterde Franklin's identification of lightning and el- of iron, and in stagnant pools as the peroxide. tricity as the first step in the progress of 1ron ore is formed by water using up that par. electrical discovery. There had been proph- of vegetable matter which goes to make coal, ecies before, however, of the telegraph, or that coal and iron are not found next to each rather of sympathetic magnets for the corre- other. Among the different forms in which spondence of friends at a distance. Galileo had iron is found are-bog iron ore, which contains described such an instrument, and in the 241st | a good deal of organic matter and water; hemSpectator was another account. The discovery itite, from which the volatile matter had beer of chemical electricity by Galvani was the next driven off by great heat; magnetic iron, a comstep, and the voltaic file was even more impor-pound of the peroxide and the protoxide, yieldtant, resulting now in the modifications of ing a large quantity of iron, and found in the Daniell's and Grove's batteries, which were Laurentian rocks and other places in Canada, still in use. Oersted's demonstration of the spathic iron or iron stone, containing about 3 relation between electricity, magnetism and per cent. of iron, and found in England together galvanism led immediately to the grand dis- with coal and limestone, which were used in covery, of which the main credit was accorded smelting it; and there is iron pyrites, containProf. Morse, though Bain and Sir Charles ing a good deal of sulphur and found in great Wheatstone were the original patentees, in quadtities in Canada. Manufactured iron is to England. The story of Morse's struggle to get be had as cast iron, malleable iron or steel. an appropriation from Congress, and of his suc- The pig cast iron of commerce contains from To make wrought cess, when he had already despaired, was told 3 to 5 per cent. of carbon. in detail. After the experiment of the first line iron the process of puddling is resorted to, between Washington and Baltimore was suc- driving off the carbon, and the iron is then cessful, Congress refused to make further ap-rolled. Steel contains about one per cent of propriations, and Morse, who had undertaken carbon, cast iron is first produced; the carbon to extend the line to New York, and whose first is driven off, and then iron ore is added till the company had placed but $15,000 of stock, was requisite quantity of carbon is obtained in the in despair, out of funds, and not having com- steel. pleted the line between Baltimore and Phila

known, and I was always met at the depot by a bevy of merchants' clerks, who wished to entrust packages of business papers, samples of goods, and other light matters to my care. The mail establishment was at that time utterly insufficient to meet the wants of the public The postage was seventeen cents upon every seperate bit of paper, and this was a burdensome tax upon the daily checks, drafts, and receipts incident to mercantile transactions. I was ready to be of service to my friends, though some of them thought my good nature was imposed upon when they found that I was obliged to carry a large traveling-bag to receive their contributions. I kept this bag constantly in sight on my journey, and, upon arriving in New York, delivered it to a man whom the merchants employed to meet me and distribute its contents. Now, it occurred to me that here was an opportunity for somebody to do, for an adequate compensation, just what I was doing for nothing. I pointed out to Mr. Harnden that the collection and delivery of parcels, as well as their transportation, might be undertaken by one responsible person, for whose services the merchants, would be glad to pay. The suggestion fell upon fruitful soil. Harnden asked me for special facilities upon the Boston and Providence road, which I gladly gave him, and with the opening year he commenced regular trips (twice a week, I think he made them), bearing in his hand a small valise; and that valise contained in germ the immense express business-contained it as the it; but many generations are required to see the delphia. In this crisis the funds were ad-road Company has leased the Indianapolis.

acorn contains the forest of oaks that may come from

maguificence of the forests, while the growths of human enterprise expand to their wonderful ma

turity in one short life. Harnden's fate was that too common with pioneers and inventors. He built up a great busiuess by steady industry, saw all its splendid possibilities, tried to realize them before the time was ripe, and died a poor man at the age of thirty-three In attempting to extend the express

business to Europe, he assumed risks that were ruin

ous, and the stalwart Vermonter, Alvin Adams took his place as chief in the great industry which had arisen under his hands.

[To be continued].

vanced by Messrs. A. S. Abell, of the Baltimore
Sun, Wm. M. Swain, Philadelphia, Col. R. M.

THE Indiana, Bloomington and Western BalDecatur and Springfield Railroad for fifty years agreeing to pay it 30 per cent of the gross earnings of the leased line. It is further agreed that this percentage shall not fall below $20 000 a year. The purpose of this arrange is to extend the leased line westward Springfield to some point on the Mississip that will be brought to the leased lines by thes River, where connection may be made lines to Kansas City. The increase of business in-connections is considered of great advant

Hoe, the press manufacturer, Mr. Alfred Vail,
of New Jersey, Hon. B. B. French and Hon.
Amos Kendall. The Legislature of Maryland
organized a new company, with Kendall for
president, and the others served as officers and
Morse was thus enabled to carry out the pro-
directors, agreeing to take no compensation.
ject, and the telegraph became a n
stitution. It was to the credit

to it.

Railroad Journal

ESTABLISHED 1881. PUBLISHED WEEKLY BY THE ERICAN RAILROAD JOURNAL CO., At 23 Liberty Street, New York.

scription, per annum, in advance....

$5.00

eign Subscription, including postage......... 600

urchases for the AMERICAN RAILROAD JOURNAL CO. are asurer; and the Company will not be responsible for

firm grow with rapid strides and at last delivered to a congregation of a hundred, take the lead, forcing them to the rear. when it should be listened to by thouThis result was not the work of a minute, sands. What is the matter? The nor an hour, nor a day. It was the result churches are well warmed, the seats well of years, and during many of these years cushioned, the choir well trained. Look they could have held their own simply by at the members, the leading members, burying their ancient notions and keeping and the reason is made plain. They are pace with modern ideas. But no, they eminently respectable men, too respectable were a firm of too eminent respectability to touch other than a gloved hand, or to do anything of the sort, and preferred brush against other than a broadcloth to be out-stripped than to lead if the old coat. The minister preaches, the choir familiar tracks must be forsaken for new sings, the church is warmed and lighted, ones. They are like the man who for and these eminently respectable people years barely kept from starving to death use it as a Pullman Palace Car and ride in Nevada, when one day a friend sent to Heaven, as they suppose. him funds to come East and then pro- comes of the multitude outside? vided him with a paying position on his arrival. He worked for some months, but the society was so different, and this thing mbard Street, London, E. C., England, is the author and that thing was such, that at last he

horized only by the written order of Geo. F. Swain, payment of bills unless accompanied by such order. ubscribers are requested to report to our office any ontributed articles relating to Railroad matters genicultural development, and Manufacturing news, by se who are familiar with these subjects, are especial Payments for advertising and subscriptions should be de by check payable to order of the Treasurer.

gularity in receiving the JOURNAL.

lly, Mining interests, Banking and Financial items,

desired.

BRANCH OFFICE:

53 Devonshire St., Boston, Mass.

Mr. FREDERIC ALGAR, Nos. 11 and 12 Clements Lane, ed European Agent for the JOURNAL.

New York, Saturday, December 17, 1881.

stered at the Post Office at New York City as Second-Class Mail Matter.

EMINENT RESPECTABILITY.

THE
HE above heading represents a disease.
What barnacles are to a ship, this
lisease is to progress. A ship whose

bottom is covered with barnacles can

What be

Now there is an eminent respectability which is truly so, a respectability too eminent to lie or practice deceit, to steal or defraud, a respectability which looks upcame to the conclusion that he would on man as a brotherhood, and realizes it rather bury his bones beneath the sage individually, in business and in church. brush of Nevada than live like a gentle- This is the respectability which comes to man in Massachusetts. His bones are the front and leads the van. But the buried beneath the sage brush of Nevada. eminent respectability of which we have A few weeks ago the successors of an been writing takes receding steps until at old established house made a new depar- last it tumbles into the grave. Look at ture in their method of advertising. This the individuals, firms, churches, that house dates its origin further back than are now sleeping, and over whose forms of the writer of this article, we can write-Died of eminent respectabut during the memory of the writer, bility. other houses have commenced business, NEW ROUTES AND THEIR TEN

the memory

DENCY.

plough through the water at a much less
peed than if her copper was clean and
pright. Just so progress is slow where and by stepping aside from the old ruts
eminent respectability is at the bottom.
There are men who are good and capable
but are always poor. Their poverty is lished house.
changes in the course which the products.
not the result of any lack of ability; neither
This old established house has a new of the central grain-growing sections, as
for want of an opportunity to make their partner who is alive on the issues of to-day well as those of some parts of the South-
abilities felt. The trouble is, that the and dares forsake the beaten path for the west and the Pacific coast, will take in
Opportunities coming to them are a little new. He does so, and hands are lifted in seeking ports for European shipment.
one side of the regular groove in which holy horror, while the agonizing cry is Extensive preparations are being made at
they were drilled, and they dare not heard, "Shades of the departed, what Newport News for the handling of the
aunch out. They have rich and influen- do you think of this new departure!" business that it is expected will be turned
tial friends, and they are afraid of losing Wait and see the result. We are no in that direction by the completion of the
caste with these if they step one side of prophets, but there is no harm in stating Chesapeake and Ohio Railway extensions.
the regular beaten path. These men of that we expect to see this firm take its At the same time, most active measures
eminent respectability accomplish nothing, old time place in the race and the others are on foot for pushing the Mississippi
and when reproved for their lack of re- falling into line.
river grain-carrying trade, which last sea-
sults, claim that they have not tried, and But there is a department in which this son exhibited such wonderful develop-
blame some one as an obstacle, or the eminent respectability disease works a far ment. The Chesapeake and Ohio Rail-
business in which they are engaged as greater injury than in the case of the in-way, through arrangements being per-
not being up in their standard.
dividual or the firm in business. This is fected for its connections with the
the department of church work. Here Southwest, will assume, with its Pacific
we have an institution claimed by its ad- allies, the position of a through trans-
herents to have been founded by Him continental route ere long, and by the
who created all things. We are told that coming spring that part of this great line
He instituted His church for the benefit connecting the Mississippi with the At-
of all men. Now in this city, as in all other lantic will be completed so that through
cities, there are multitudes of churches, cars can be run from Memphis to New
and the eloquent sermon of the pastor is port News.

have with energy and push taken a finan-HERE is a strong probability that the
THE
cial position far ahead of this old estab- ensuing year will see important

There are business firms in every large community who once led the van. They were at the head of the line in their particular branch and all the rest in the same branch were lesser lights. There came a time when some young, enterprising firm felt the public pulse and made a new departure. The old firm watched the young

CONSOLIDATION.

These two great routes, the trans-continental railroad system and the Missi- A CONSOLIDATION agreement between the sippi valley water route, are important Rabun Gap Short-line Railroad Company, the influences in transportation matters and Clayton Railroad Company and the Knoxville are already recognized as such. But and Augusta Railroad Company has been regthere seems to be little uneasiness in this istered with the Secretary of State in Nashville, Tenn. This agreement is made to condirection, among the long established solidate the above roads into one company and lines. It is not so much the railroads under one management. that are to be affected by this change of THE agreement recently entered into by the grain routes as it is the commercial im-directors of the Midland Railway Company of portance of their termini, for the growth Canada, for the amalgamation of that company with the Toronto and Nipissing, the Victoria, of the transportation demand upon the the Whitby, Port Perry and Lindsay and the main lines is likely to be proportionate Grand Junction Railway companies, was ratito the growth of the transportation capa-fied at a special meeting of the share and bond city. The incentive given to local enter- holders, held at Port Hope on the 13th inst. prises by the opening of railroads and The general plan is a through line from Toronto to Ottawa, with feeders to Georgia Bay improvement in their management stimuand the Pacific Railway, and a connection with lated by competition, together with the the Atlantic seabord by means of existing railenormous increase of our western produc-ways. tions promised in the near future, by the unprecedented immigration and settlement of the past year, give a reasonable guarantee for a fair amount of business for all the lines in question, at least during prosperous and busy times.

CONSTRUCTION.

THE Missouri Pacific Railroad was completed on the 10th inst. to within ten miles of Waco, Texas.

THE ceremony of turning the first sod of the Lachute and St. Andrews Junction (Ca.) Railway took place on the 8th inst.

IT has been decided to change the track of
the Cincinnati and Eastern Narrow Gauge Rail-
road from the narrow to the standard gauge,

and to extend the road to Portsmouth, with a
branch to Gallipolis.

uous line between Detroit and Marquette, the only break being at the straits, where a powerful iron ferry boat is already on hand to ferry trains across the intervening four or five mil-s The line will soon be opened the entire length for business.

and New England and the New York, Lake Eri..... CONNECTION was made between the New York and Western Railroad, on the 12th inst., and the first regular passenger train left Fishkill ca the Hudson for Boston on that day. The first car to cross the Hudson River without breaking bulk was loaded with live turkeys, shipped from Livonia on the Rochester Division of the New York, Lake Erie and Western Railved, and consigned to Providence, R. I. An official of the latter company is said to have facetions ly remarked that the character of this fr cargo is symbolical of the fact that they wa able hereafter to " talk turkey" to all compta tors for New England business.

In order to accommodate persons coming to the city from points a short distance a say from Tarrytown and Irvington-whit not receive much advantage from rapid tr when all the trains stop at all the stations the city, it is proposed to build a third track on the Ninth Avenue Elevated Railway on w the trains will not stop at more than three four stations from the Battery to the Haten River. In the middle of the day shopping trains will probably be run. People by the New England road, if these arrange ments should be carried out, would ch? cars at One hundred and fifty-ninth st., and be brought to the city by the fast line on the thre track. It is intended to put up three more

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Twenty-eighth and Forty-seventh streets.

INCORPORATION.

ARTICLES of incorporation were filed Albany, N. Y., on the 10th inst. of the San Ber toil Mountain Mining Company, capital $0000,000. Operations are to be carried on ♬ Tepic, State Jalisco, Mexico, and the business is to be transacted in New York. Charles Zof New York, are the incorporators. bourg, James D. Sands and Charles R. Calistan,

The railroads may safely be relied upon to do their part toward controlling the FROM Puerto Plata, November 29th, we learn current of traffic and directing it into that the building of the railroad from Santiago channels most desirable for their own pur-to Samana is making rapid progress. poses and those of the local interests with THE first regular schedule trains ran through which they are connected. There is no to and from Newburg and Boston on the 8th need of avoiding the accusation that rail- inst. on the New York and New England Rail-stations on the Sixth avenue line at Eighteenth roads are prone to cater to the local inter-road. ests of most value to them. It is a natural law that forces them to do so. There are marked differences in the manner with which sea ports encourage the railroad to come to their assistance in developing their commerce. Terminal facilities and the expense of maintaining them after they are obtained are of course among the greatest considerations affecting the selection of shipping points, and when there is a competition between different parts of the country for the maintenance of commercial supremacy it remains for the people to come to the assistance and encouragement of the railroads working for their interest. The railroads will naturally turn with the most zeal toward the source from which the most substantial encouragement comes.

ACCORDING to the report of the Bureau of Statistics there were exported from the United States during the ten months ending October 31, 422,213,216 gallons of petroleum, valued at $10,017,980, against $295,520,798 gallons, valued at $28,829,945, for the corresponding ten months of last year. The quantity exported last October was $54,244,846 gallons, an increase of 20,179,592 gallons over October, 1880.

THE California Southern Railroad has been completed from San Diego for a distance of 35 miles. There are 35 bridges upon this section, The heaviest grade is 116 feet per mile and the the largest 65 feet high and 250 feet in length. deepest cut 40 feet.

THE last rail on the New Orleans Pacific Railway, between Shreveport and Cheneyville, was laid on the 11th inst. This gives an all-rail route thence to New Orleans, by connecting with Morgan's line at Cheneyville. Forty-two miles of the New Orleans Pacific remain yet to be completed below Cheneyville.

a

THE Chinese Government has decided to lay
railway line, formerly between Shanghai and
Woosung, from the coast of Formosa to the
sugar districts.
The line originally laid by
foreigners was bought by the Chinese, torn up
stock transported to Formosa, where it has
by the Mandarins, and the material and rolling
been allowed to remain idle until now.

THE last rail on the Marquette and Mackinaw
Railroad was laid on the 9th inst., thus com-
pleting the line from the Straits of Mackinaw
to Marquette. There were a few miles of track
still to be laid, between Cheboygan and the
will be a contin-

straits. When finished th

THE Shawnee, Hocking Valley and Columbus Railroad Company was incorporated at Colum bus, Ohio, on the 6th inst. with a capital stok of $800,000, by Frank B. McElhinny, W. O Henderson, Josiah D. Cotton, Frank B. Baird, Carl H. Bunham, John C. Donovan and A. H Wilson. It is to run from Columbus to Sta nee through the counties of Perry, Hocks, Fairfield, Pickaway and Franklin, with fes in Columbus. This route contemplates the se of the berme bank of the canal as far as Lockbourne or Lancaster, from which points it is but a short distance to Shawnee and the bear the road on this line can be built very cheap of the coal and iron regions. It is clairad t

THE Arizona and Nevada Railroad and N. gation Company has been formed at San Frat cisco, Cal. The object of the company si construct a line between Callville, Nev← Yuma, with extension by rail or water, as ≈ 1 hereafter be determined, to Port an Sat Libertad on the Gulf of California. The

has been incorporated under the laws of na, but has its principal business offices n Francisco. The capital stock is $20,000,The San Francisco directors are P. Peck

John N. Risdon, John Lloyd, Robert N. in and J. W. Smith. The Arizona direc. tre Paul Breon, John J. Gasper, Frank e and W. P. Stymus, of New York. The will pass through a line of mining districts le eastern bank of the Colorado river. Port au Sable the line will continue to and through a rich mining district to

tad.

cific for St. Louis. This route is a very direct H. Gray, Boston, Mass; John J. McCook, New
one and avoids all pools at Kansas City, Atchi- York; William L. Scott, Erie, Pa.; G. I. Seney,
son and Leavenworth.
New York; Samuel Sheehar, New York; S. W.
Simpson, New York; Samuel Thomas, Colum-
bus, Ohis; C. E. Wortham, Richmond.

ARTICLES of association of the Tonawanda,
Wiscoy and Genesee Valley Railroad Company
were filed on the 10th inst. The route which it THE directors of the Providence and Spring-
is proposed to cover is from Caneadea, Allegha- field Railroad Company, elected on the 7th
ny County, N. Y., via Hume, Alleghany, Pike inst., are as follows: William Tinkham, Albert
and Eagle, to Arcade, in Wyoming County, a L. Sales, John L. Ross, James O. Inman, Hor-
distance of 26 miles. This is a narrow gauge ace A. Kimball, Sidney Dillon, Edward Pearce,
line and a link of the chain from Coudersport, Jr. William Tinkham was r-elected Presi-
Penn., to State Line, Wellsville, and Arcade, dent.

a distance of 94 miles. The directors are Asahel

L. Cole, Wellsville; George H. Blackman, Bel

PERSONAL.

M. H. SMITH has been elected Third Vice

President and Traffic Manager of the Louisville and Nashville Railroad Company.

New England Agent of the Pennsylvania RailSAMUEL FINLAY, has been appointed General road, with headquarters in Boston.

J. H. TENNEY has been appointed Superintendent of the New York and Greenwood Lake Railroad, vice W. P. Harris, resigned.

E Cincinnati, Selma and Mobile Railroad any was incorporated at Selma, Ala., on mont; James M. Davis, Belfast; John H. Sel- W. P. HARRIS has been appointed Division 2th inst. by Frederick Wolffe, the finan- kreg, Ithaca; Alfred D. Linsely, New York; Superintendent on the Chespeake and Ohio manager of the Erlanger syndicate, who Marsena Drake, Carlos Stebbins, Addison Railway. tly bought the Selma and Greensboro Rail- Beebe, George A. Green, G. A. Van Gorder, Theodore Cooke, President of the Cincin- Pike, N. Y.; J. P. Manchester, M. W. Skiff, New Orleans and Texas Pacific Railroad, John S. Minard, Hume, N. Y. The survey will ge F. Doughty, Secretary, Edgar M. John- commence immediately and the road will be Attorney, Louis Krohn and Thomas T. built early in 1882. It will be a valuable feeder directors. Those gentlemen incorporated to the Rochester and Pittsburg, one of the tribcompany and elected Frederick Wolffe, utaries to the New York, Chicago and St. Louis. ident, Theodore Cooke, Vice-President, It connects with the Genesee Valley, the Bufmilian Culm, Sec'y and Treasurer. Fred- falo, New York and Philadelphia, the Tonawanda Wolffe, of Montgomery, Ala.; Theodore Valley and Cuba, and the New York, Lake Erie te, Edgar M. Johnson, George F. Doughty, and Western. This is one of four different is Krohn and Thomas T. Gaff, of Cincin-railroads now proposed between Wellsville and Samuel A. Carlton, of Boston, Mass.; C. the Pine Creek country-the Wellsville, CouShelley, of Selma, Ala., and Thomas R. dersport and Pine Creek, the Tonawanda, Genehac, of Greensboro, are the directors. The see Valley and Pine Creek, and the Tonawanda, pany will work the Cincinnati Southern to Wiscoy and Genesee Valley. The routes are tanooga, the Alabama, Great Southern from feasible, having no excessive grades or heavy tanooga to Eutaw Springs, and thence the curvatures, and can be built at moderate ex- THE Railroad Conductors' Convention at New Selma and Greensboro to Selma. Con- pense. The proposed road will traverse a rich, Orleans have elected R. B. Brown of the Louision with Mobile will be secured. This is fertile country, without railroad facilities to-ville and Nashville Railroad, President for the mportant link in the lines of the Erlanger day which furnish much local traffic. The Hicate. Selma is thus placed on another of stock is largely being taken by local capitalists. Heading avenues of communication of the Tne Tonawanda, Wiscoy and Genesee Valley th, being already upon the East Teneessee, will be the ninth railroad in Wyoming County inia, and Georgia and the Louisville and hville systems.

HE charter of the Salina and Northwestern
road Company was filed at Topeka, Kansas,
he 8th inst. This road is designed as a
er to the Union Pacific and Missouri Pacific
roads.
The capital of the company is $5,-
000. The main line runs from Salina by
of Lincoln Centre to the west line of the
e at a point on the west of Sherman Coun-
The company also intend to build a branch
from Lincoln Centre to the west line of
yenne County by way of Delphi, Osborne
nty, passing through the counties of Lin-
, Osborne, Rooks, Norton, Decatur, Raw-
and Cheyenne. The estimated length of
main line is 300 miles and that of the branch
miles. The directors are Sidney Dillon and
Gould, of New York; S. H. H. Clark, of
aha; S. T. Smith, of Kansas City; J. P.
er, of Lawrence; O. L. Williams and H. P.
on, of Topeka. The principal object of
new line is to obtain possession of some
aller lines and meet all in a sytem which will
mit the deflection of trains from the Pacific

ORGANIZATION.

THE Long Branch Railroad Company, has been reorganized, with H. S. Little as President.

W. W. BORST has been appointed General Superintendent of the Denver and Rio Grande Railway, vice G. W. Cushing, resigned.

GENERAL BENJAMIN F. TRACY, of Brooklyn, has been appointed Associate Judge of the Court of Appeals, in place of Judge Andrews, promoted to Chief Judge.

be held at Milwaukee.
ensuing year. The next annual meeting will

in the banking firm of Semple & Jones, Pitts-
burg, Pa., is a son-in-law of Mr. Thaw. Mr.
Thompson was elected not long since Presi-
dent of the Mechanics' Saving Bank of that
city.

W. R. THOMPSON, who succeed John B. Jones

JOHN W. JONES, President of the Buffalo, Pittsburgh and Western Railroad Company, has been elected President of the Buffalo, New York and Philadelphia Railway Company, including its narrow gauge lines and coal proper

THE directors of the Richmond, York River
and Chesapeake Railroad Company, elected on
the 13th inst., are: Thomas Clyde, President,
William P. Clyde, A. G. Buford, T. M. Logan,
W. H. Gwathmey and Reuben Foster, direc-ties.

tors.

THE four additional directors authorized at THE John P. King Manufacturing Company, the meeting of the New York and New England with a capital of $1,000,000, will be organized Railroad Company, on the 6th inst., will be at Augusta, Georgia, December 28. The stock | chosen at the first regular meeting of the board has been subscribed, over $400,000 in Boston, of directors, one from Rhode Island, one from New York and Philadelphia, and the balance in Connecticut, and two will represent New York connections. Augusta.

THE directors of the European and North
America Railway Company, elected on the 16th
ult., are: Noah Woods, President, N. C. Ayer,
T. J. Stewart, S. H. Blake, F. A. Wilson, Chas.
P. Stetson, H. N. Fairbanks, Sprague Adams,
John S. Ricker.

Ar the annual meeting of the Richmond and Kearney, running over the St. Joe and Den- Alleghany Railroad Company, held in Richto Maryville, then to Irving on the Central mond, Va., on the 13th inst., the following nch, thence to Manhattan and Burlingame, board of directors was elected: W. H. Barnum, then by building a road from Burlingame Lime Rock, Conn.; John P. Branch, Richmond, Ottawa, a distance of only thirty miles, di- Va.; C. S. Brice, Lima, Ohio; Daniel Pettis, t connection is made with the Missouri Pa- Cleveland, Ohio; F. O. French, New York; J.

C. F. McCoy, who was for many years Chief Clerk to the Superintendent of the Eastern Division, Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne and Chicago Railway, has been appointed Assistant Superintendent of the Sioux City and Pacific Railway, with headquarters at Blair, and in charge of all that Company's lines west of the Mis

souri river.

Mr. F. W. Huidekoper has resigned the office of President of the Chicago and Eastern Illinois Railroad Company, and Mr. Franklin H. Story, of Boston, Mass., Vice-President of the company, has been elected in his place.

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