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The only line running a through sleeping car via Buffalo and Detroit without chang arriving at Chicago at 8.00 A.M. second morning, making sure connections with through E and all points in the press Trains for Iowa, Nebraska, Kansas, Colorado, the Pacific Coast, Wisconsin, Minnesot

WEST AND NORTHWEST.

THE ABOVE TRAINS RUN DAILY, SUNDAYS EXCEPTED. This Great Short Line passes through the most celebrated scenery in the country, including the fam HOOSAC TUNNEL, four and three-quarters miles long, being the longest Tunne! in America, and the third longest in the world.

Tickets, Drawing-Room and Sleeping-Car Accommodations may be secured in Advance by Applying to or Addressing

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Address,

E. L. LANBIE,

JOHN ADAMS, Gen. Supt.

Washington, D. C.

250

F. L. PARKER, Traffic Manager. S. W. CUMMINGS, General Passenger & Ticket Agant,

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is Establishment commenced building STREET CARS in 1832, and is famed for superior ELEGANCE of workip and SUBSTANTIAL practical results.

ts location, in the PORT of NEW YORK, is most favorable for shipnts, and its CARS, CONSTRUCTED in SECTIONS, may be ENTIRELY MPLETED before being packed for transportation.

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STANDARD FOR QUALITY.

OUR CLAIMS.

We claim that our Finishing Varnishes are unsurpassed in the following qualities:

Uniformity. 3. Fluency. 5. Drying. 7. Fulness. 9. Durability! 4. Reliability. 6. Hardening. 8. Brilliancy. 10. Economy.

Paleness.

VALENTINE & COMPANY,

Chicago.

NEW YORK.

Paris.

Brown, Brothers & Co.,

NO. 59 WALL ST., N. Y.,

BUY AND SELL

BILLS OF EXCHANGE

ON GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND, FRANCE,
GERMANY, BELGIUM AND HOLLAND.
Issue Commercial and Travelers' Credits
IN STERLING,

AVAILABLE IN ANY PART OF THE WORLD.
And in Francs, in Martinique and Guadaloupe.
MAKE TELEGRAPHIC_TRANSFERS OF
MONEY

Between this and other countries, through London
and Paris.

Make Collections of Drafts drawn abroad on all points
in the United States and Canada, and of
Drafts drawn in the United States
on Foreign Countries.

Paine, Webber & Co.,

BANKERS AND BROKERS,

Members of the Boston Stock Exchange.)

53 Devonshire St., Boston. Devote special attention to the purchase and sale of Stocks and Bonds in the Boston market, the careful selection of securities for investment, and the negotiations of commercial paper.

WM A. PAINE. WALLACE G. WEBBER. C. H. PAINE.

John H. Davis & Co.,

'Bankers and Brokers,

17 Wall St., New York.

Interest allowed on Temporary and Standing Deposits.

Stocks and Bonds bought and sold on Commizzica only, either on Margin or for Investment.

Sheldon & Wadsworth,

BANKERS,

10 WALL STREET, N. Y.

IN ADDITION TO A GENERAL BANKING

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Kerite Insulated Telegraph Wire and Cables

Of all kinds made to order, for Ocean, River, Aerial and Subterranean Lines. The Kerite covering of these Conductors unlike any other, resists effectually the destructive action of Ha BUSINESS, BUY AND SELL ON COMMISSION and Moisture, and the corrosive agents either in Earth, Air or Water. Special orders should state whether the Cable is to be exposed to Earth, Air or Water FACTORY-SEYMOUR, CONN. Office, 120 Broadway, New York. C. B. HOTCHKISS, General Agent.

GOVERNMENT BONDS AND ALL SECURITIES
CURRENT AT THE NEW YORK STOCK EX
CHANGE, MAKING LIBERAL ADVANCES ON
BAME. ALLOW INTEREST ON DEPOSITS.
WM. C. SHELDON.
WM. B. WADSWORTH,
GEO. R. SHELDON.

To Investors.

Cincinnati Gold 6s, due, 1906.
Cincinnati Currency 68, due, 1909.
Cincinnati Main Issue 7.30s, 1902.

Cin, Ind, St. L. & Chic. 1st 6, due, 1920.
Col. and Tol. R. R. 1st 7s, due, 1905.

D. A. EASTON,

With BOODY, MCLELLAN & CO., Bankers.

No. 58 Broadway, N. Y.

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The unrepared to contract deliver best quality
HE undersigned, agents or the manufacture, IRON & STEEL RAILS,

American or Welsh, Steel or Iron Rails, and
of any required weight and pattern. Also Speigel and
Ferro Manganese

PERKINS & CHOATE.,

23 Nassau Street,
NEW YOJR.

EAMES VACUUM

P. O. BOX 2,878.

RAILWAY

AT LONDON PRICES, F. 0. B. Also purchase all classes of Railroad Securities, and negotiate Lozus for Railroad Companies.

WM. A. GUEST & CO., 41 and 43 Pine Street, NEW YORK

BRAKE CO.,

TRAIN BRAKES,

SALES OFFICE, 15 GOLD ST., NEW YORK. Represented by THOS. PROSSER & SON

THE EAMES VACUUM BRAKE is confidently offered as the most efficient, simple, durable and cheapest power Brake in the market. Can

seen in operation upon over seventy ro

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AM NAVIGATION, COMMERCE, FINANCE, BANKING, MACHINERY, MINING, MANUFACTURES.

OND QUARTO SERIES, VOL. XXXVII., No. 36.!

ECTRICITY AS A MECHANICAL

POWER.

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residence near Tunbridge Wells, the result possible, having an ordinary minute wheel being that one man at the farm is enabled to and a wheel of sixty teeth controlled by a quoting the lecture recently delivered do the work which otherwise would occupy catch fixed on a lever which receives its moe the Society of Arts in London, by Alex-three-a fact which may claim attention from tion from a leather bellows. Another catch Siemens, an exchange says: The practi- the agricultural interest hard pressed by for- prevents the wheel returning upon itself when ity of an electric railway is already demon-eign competition. Sir William Armstrong has once it has been moved one tooth. The presed. People may see it for themselves at utilized the power of falling water for the sure conveyed through the system of pipes Crystal Palace, and the German capital working of a machine, whereby he gains suffi- every minute from the main clock causes the yet more convincing proof. The great cient electricity to light up 30 or 40 Swan bellows of each receiving clock to expand, thus ncy of the invention consists in the trans- lamps. Dr. Siemens turns a wire fence to ac- advancing the wheel one tooth, and the minute ion of the motive current by a simple wire. count by making it take the return current. hand through a one-minute space. The main ther through a cable or mere strand, It is to be hoped no ingenious device of this air pipes, which are laid in the sewers, are ing can be more facils than this mode of kind will lead at any time to an unexpected only about an inch in diameter, and these are munication. The wire can be buried or mishap. The danger of meddling with cold tapped at intervals to meet the requirements g aloft, or twisted and turned in any de- iron may assume unwonted proportions, if of the customers. The system appears to be d direction. The distance to which the powerful electric currents are to be traveling simple, its action certain, and its cost to the rent can be conveyed, and the amount of along wire fences and other unsuspected places. public moderate.

PNEUMATIC CLOCKS.

rgy lost in transit, are matters which more A SAD PICTURE OF SUFFERING AMONG nediately affect the economical aspect of the The system of driving and regulating clocks, THE PANAMA CANAL LABORERS. stion. But allowing that only half the by currents of compressed air sent through A physician from this city, Dr. Chas. fer expended can be recovered and turned tubes from a central station, seems to be mak- Peitzch 141 West Thirty-seoond street, who Account, Mr. A. Siemens shows that cheap-ing progress in Paris. The Pneumatic Clock has just returned from Aspinwall and Panama, 8 would be effected in many instances as Company, established in March, 1880, has now is reported by the Tribune as giving the folapared with the use of small steam engines. sixteen miles of main pipes laid, and controls lowing gloomy account of affairs on the IsthThe idea is that of a central station, where fourteen public clocks, with thirty-three dials, mus. "If any of your friends think of going werful steam engines, working on the most and 2,000 clocks in 500 private houses. The to Panama," said the Doctor to a Tribune renomical principles, would drive a number of system consists of central works, at which the porter, "advise them not to. In all my ctrical machines to produce the required air is compressed by means of steam engines travels I never saw a more sickly, poverty. Fronts. It would be easy to lay wires from working air compressors, and stored in reser-stricken and forsaken people. I was induced e central station, in the same way as we see voirs at pressures varying from fifteen pounds to go there by the promise of a large business em now laid in cast iron pipes in the city. to forty-five pounds per square inch. The air in my profession. There was plenty for me to rom these main wires there would be junc- thus compressed and stored is led. to distribut-do, but no money in it, and I came away as ons leading into the houses, and there would ing receivers, passing on its way to each soon as I could. There are about 250 people no difficulty in providing two separate cur- through a pressure regulator by means of which at work on the Panama canal, 200 of whom ints-one for lighting and the other for power a periodical transfer or discharge of compress- are negroes. Half of them are sick, haggard, -to be used as aequired. Already we have ed air from the reservoir into the receivers and starving, and the death-rate is alarming, he city illuminated by means of currents takes place, replacing the air which is dis- although the facts are suppressed as much as enerated at a distance once thought imprac- charged every minute from the receivers to possible. There are not more than 100 ableicable. The transmission of power by the the clocks. bodied men at work at any time, and the force lectric current is shown, not only by the The central or normal clock is an instru- is constantly being renewed, because the Siemens Railway, but by various other appli- ment of great precision, and is fitted with an laborers fall victims to disease; then lose their ations. Cranes are worked and ropes are equilibrium or balanced slide valve, that is places and starve, or die of fevers and a pecupulled by this agency at Charlton, near Lon- successively opened and shut by the action of liar wasting away of the system. The canal don, while double furrow plows and also a the clock, which is self-winding. The inter- company wants to get all the laborers possible, threshing machine have been worked by a mittent current of air on reaching the receiving and it offers the inducement of high wages, Gramme machine in France. clocks acts upon their mechanism, transmit board, plenty of work and free passage. Agents ting the time to one and all at the same in-gather laborers up wherever they can find stant. These clocks are made as simple as them and take them by boat to Aspinwall

Dr. Siemens is making the electric current perform all kinds of handiwork at his country

and rail to Panama. They receive $17 a Marietta and Cincinnati Railroad, which plan is population of 205,000 souls, These have not al month, and the worst board imaginable. They to be submitted to a general meeting of bondhold-stopped in this State, but they are to be found ers to be called for that purpose. The commit eome of the Pacific States and Territories, ies are crowded into shanties and fed on the tee were also requested to take such action as the number that have gone to foreign countrie cheapest kinds of food; rice twice a day, tea should be necessary looking to the appointment and to that other country from whose bourne r or coffee in the morning only, salt beef once of a receiver, who will manage the affairs of the traveler ever returns. Most of those immigrat Marietta and Cincinnati road in the interest of brought money, Coming as they did from 1 a day and no bread; fresh meat, never. Once the bondolders. The New York committee con- Atlantic States, rather than from Europe they there, it is impossible for laborers ever to re-sists of Mr. Kountze, of Kountze Bros.; Mr. Du- must have brought considerable foods. Allor turn, as the men have no money, and it costs mont, of Jesup, Paton & Co.; Mr. Arents, of for an average of even $50 per head, the Arents & Young, and Mr. Bacon of the law firm total would be $10,250,000, or of $100 per cap/m $25 to ride back to Aspinwall, a distance of of Field, Dorsheimer, Bacon & Deyo. The Balti-there is a total of $20,500,000, besides muscle a forty-seven and one-half miles, and they are more members of the committes are H. Irvine brains of still greater value in a new sectic too weak to walk. White people soon become Keyser, Skipwith Wilmer and T. Edward Ham-country like ours, bleton. The bondholders of the Marietta and According to the census, the population of C yellow and look like death, and beg tourists Cincinnati Railroad may make up their minds, if fornia was increased 304,000 in the pass deca to take them away. they have not already done so, that an early re- This is equal to a gain of 55 per cent. The "Work is advancing very slowly on the organization of the road can only be effected by in the material development of the State their own action, and the sooner they assert their the past 12 years has been even greater. canal, and there is nothing to show for the rights the better. The managers of the Baltimore wheat crop has been doubled during this intern money spent. It is generally believed in that and Ohio company are well satisfied with the pres- and the same is true of many other crops,-[9 country that the canal will never be finished, ent state of affairs, and are content to draw 7 per Francisco Balletin. cent interest on the bonds and 8 per cent interIt is about as wide as Broadway from house est of the stock of the Cincinnati and Baltimore to house. There are some stakes driven down and Baltimore Short Line Railroad, while the and planks laid along and the earth stirred bondholders of the Marietta and Cincinnati Railroad get nothing. Active movements are in progress locking up a little, but that is all. It seems hardly wards the building of the road beween Greenw possible to live in that country. It is marshy Ga., and Spartanburg, 8. C., where it is to be s and malarial, and infested with alligators and The Central and Union Pacific Railroads were by the proposed Midland Railroad, whereby serpents and poisonous insects. I was bitten united May 8, 1869. The record of through through line between Baltimore and Angusa, un in the hand by an insect and my arm has travel from that date to the end of 1869 bas never is to be secured. A correspondent of the Ea swollen up and been useless for a month. The been published. A recent application from this more Sun calls attention to the fact that the or population is composed of negroes and Spanish office brought out the following estimate of ties of Spartanburg and Laurens, 8. C., have su and French of the lowest class. The climate is through travel for that period, or rather from subscribed $75,000, instead of $50,000 each. warm, terribly warm, moist and oppressive, June 1, 1869, to December 31, 1869: and tends to induce the use of stimulants. St.

The Pacific Railroads.

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Arived.

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553 ....1 282 ..2,110 ..3,594 .4,498 ...3 679 ..1,815

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Louis beer costs 35 cents a bottle, Milwaukee Jane, 1869.......... .............................................
July
beer 25 cents. Whiskey is cheap, and the best August
imported Holland gin only 40 cents a quart.
Beef and fish are very plentiful and cheap, as
are also fabrics. On the whole, the country is
no place for any but a very patient man with
plenty of money."

Marietta and Cincinnati Railroad.

October ...
November
December....

..................

................

Totals........ .......... ....17,581

1869.... 1870. 1871....

1872.

1878
1874.
1875

....

.... ....

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...........

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........

476 1,086

Greenwood, Laurens, and Spartanburg
Railroad.

heretofore stated, to the Greenwood, Lauren a Departed. Spartanburg Railroad, and it is expected this be increased at least $50,000 more by private 2,060 scription, making a total county and private s 3,153 scription of $200,000, which is certainly amy 2,518 demonstration that the people of those consti 2,218 are in earnest. A meeting of the stockholders 1,578 the company is to be held in Spartanburg, Sez 13,084 tember 7, for the purpose of organization by

entire line between Danville and Spartanburg be completed by the time the Southern coase tion from Augusta reaches Spartanburg,

We have the official figures for every subse-election of a president and other officers. Asm quent month up to May 1, 1881. Dividing the cently stated, work on the Midiand extensior. Referring to the proposed re-organization of years so as to make them conform to the life of in active progress between Danville, Va., an the Marietta and Cincinnati Railroad Company, the road, we are enabled to present the following Mocksville, N. C., and it is to be hoped that t Mesars, John A. Hambleton & Co., of Baltimore, complete statement of the through passenger Md., in their circnlar of last week, say: traffic of the Central Pacific and Union Pacific At a meeting of the Baltimore bondholders of Railroads to and from 8an Francisco for the the Marietta and Cincinnati Railroad held on the twelve years ending May 1, 1881: 26th inst., there were present many of our most Daring the month of July the Scotch impor Years, Arrived. Departed. Gain. influential citizens; and although the amount of tions of butter and cheese from America w 26,600 18,100 8,500 bonds represented was not definitely known, it was roughly estimated that the parties present 80,600 24,300 6,300 very heavy. For Glasgow alone the boxe 28,700 20,700 8,000 cheese daring the month numbored 187,852, an held or controlled about $1,000,000 of the first, 38,100 22,800 second and third mortgage bonds. A statement 15,300 the tubs of batter 39,650, of which latter 2,5 52,900 26,100 26,800 was made that an examination of the reports of were oleomargarine. This was an incress 63,300 25,700 37,600 the Receiver showed that the company was in 70,800 32,800 87,500 47,000 boxes of cheese and 19,900 tubs of batte very prosperous condition, and that the Receiver's 37,000 24,400 the largest increase known in ary month in th statements on file in the Ross County Court showed that the road was earning net $700,000 12,800 12,600 per aonum. Much indignation was expressed 10,000 that the reorganization of the road had been so 5,305 ter of 98,220 tabs, which was an increase of 12, long delayed, and it was the universal sentiment 518 over the same period last year. Of cheem that it was necessary that the bondholders should Totais..........521,100 316,100 205,000 the aggregate was 257 724 boxes, and the in take steps to protect their interests and to effect an early and satisfactory settlement of the affairs The net gain was the largest during the two crease 81,192. More than one-half these 257,7 of the road. The sentiment of the meeting seem-years ending May 1, 1876. It was the smallest boxes of cheese came in the month of July, an ed to be that an amicable arrangement could be last year in the history of the road. made with the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, but that if necessary the bondholders should insist has been a fine thing for the railroad companies, riving every seven days. Every lot of Ametist The transportation of these 837,200 passengers for the last week of that month 40,000 were ar upon a foreclosure under either the second or Averaging each fare at $100, it will foot up a cheese, as soon as it arrives, is picked up in Seo third mortgage and a sale of the road. By agree- total of $88,720,000, and possibly $100,000,000 land, and the quality is described as “very fire. ment with the New York bondholders, who are would be nearer the mark. This is only an in Dow represented by a committee of seven, three cidental gain. The freight trafic has been a Prices have gone up to $30 per ton. of their number are to be dropped and their still greater source of profit to the companies. places are to be filled by a like number from the The employment which the road has given is anTrack laying on the Louisville, New Albany Baltimore bondholders. This committee of seven other benefit. The gain to California and the and St. Louis Air Line Railroad, between New are to prepare a plan of reorganization of the Pacific Coast is the permanent addition to our Albany and the Tunnel, has been commenced.

1876.... 1877.... 1878.... 1879.....

1880

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34,700 24,700
34,800 29,000

year. For the seveo months since January lan there had been an aggregate importation of ba

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