vania Railroad broke. It demolished the cab of the engine, and seriously injured the engineer, and detained the train over one hour.

This new engine requires no parallel rods, and the increased diameter of the wheels also reduce the number of revolutions to the mile, as well as the centrifugal force.

In the ordinary locomotive with small and coupled driving wheels, the greatest speed of the piston reaches sometimes about 1200 feet per minute with a 2 foot stroke and 5 feet diameter driving wheels, giving about fifty-nine miles per hour; but with driving wheels 63 feet diameter, and the same piston speed, the running rate would be about sixtynine miles per hour. No more adhesion is required at high than at low speeds, assuming the load to be the same. The truth is that the

amount of adhesion required to turn to account the whole power which a locomotive is capable of developing varies, inversely, according to the speed at which the engine is run, the higher the speed the less being the adhesion required. The increased resistance, according to experiments made, is in a less ratio than that of the simple velocity, so that the boiler need not exceed the limit of space afforded. The ordinary locomotive boilers do not exceed 1100 feet of heating surface and 20 square feet of fire grate. In this new locomotive the boiler has about 1400 square feet of heating surface and about 56 square feet grate surface.

The dimensions of the engine are as follows:

Diameter of cylinders, in inches,

Length of stroke, in inches,

Diameter of driving wheel, in inches,

Wheel-base, in feet,

18

TENDER.

Capacity about 3800 gallons.

Wheels, 36 inches diameter.

Weight, filled with water and coal, 70,000 pounds.

The Bound Brook road is not fitted with water troughs between the tracks, so that the locomotive tender can pick up its water while in motion; thus, larger tenders are needed to convey sufficient water for the through trip.

By dispensing with the coupling rods and reducing the centrifugal force of the driving wheels it is evident that the design of the engine is in the right direction for safety and fast running.

The tractive force for each pound of effective pressure per square inch on the pistonswhich this engine is capable of exerting will be

In running sixty miles per hour, on an ordinary road, which corresponds to about 258 revolutions, or a piston speed of 1034 feet per minute, and a mean effective pressure of about 35 pounds per square inch, the tractive power exerted will be

for each piston, and the horse-power for the two cylinders will be

To run a train sixty miles in sixty minutes between Philadelphia and New York would not be considered as remarkable, provided the track was always clear; but several large towns, cities, and bridges, some of which have draws, are, however, scattered along the route, necessitating a material reduction of speed in passing them, and thus time is lost, which must be made up by a proportionate increase in speed on those parts of the roadway which are clear and unobstructed.. This increased speed must be as great, at times, as seventy miles an hour, as before stated.

On Friday, May 14th, 1880, I received an invitation from Messrs. Burnham, Parry, Williams & Co., to make a trip on a train to be drawn by their "new departure locomotive, No. 5000," the 5000th of their build (Philadelphia and Reading Railroad Company's No..

507), from Ninth and Green streets to Jersey City, over the Bound Brook route, without stopping, and return in the same way.

As before stated, this locomotive has only one pair of driving wheels, 78 inches in diameter.

The weight is so disposed upon the wheels that by an alteration of fulcrum, points operated by a separate steam cylinder additional weight can be thrown on the drivers at the time of starting. This shifting of the weight will give from 8000 to 9000 pounds additional on the driving wheels.

The weight of the engine, ready for attaching to the train, is 85,000: pounds, and the tender 70,000. The train going to New York consisted of four day (set up) cars, of the usual pattern, each weighing about 42,000 pounds. Weight of the train complete, about 148 tons..

THE START.

When the engine left the round house, to take its place at the head of the train, I was reminded of what Elihu Burritt says, when writing about the locomotive:

"I love to see one of those huge creatures, with sinews of brass and muscles of iron, strut forth from his stable and salute the train of cars with a dozen sonorous puffs from his iron nostrils, then fall back gently into his harness.

"There he stands champering and foaming upon the iron track, his great heart a furnace of glowing coals, his lymphatic blood boiling within his veins; the strength of a thousand horses is nerving his sinews, he pants to be gone. He would drag St. Peter's across the Desert of Sahara, if he could be hitched on."

The signal to go ahead was given at precisely 11.16 A.M., and, on account of Ninth street being more or less obstructed by teams crossing, 9 minutes was consumed in reaching Wayne Station, distance, 4.3 miles, rate of speed, per hour, 27.15 miles.

Wayne Station to Jenkintown, distance 5.8 miles, time 6.75 minutes, rate of speed 51 miles per hour.

Jenkintown to Yardley, distance 20 miles, time 19 minutes, rate of speed 63 miles per hour.

Yardley to Trenton Junction, distance 2 miles, time 24 minutes, rate of speed 53.3 miles per hour.

Trenton Junction to Bound Brook, distance 27.1 miles, time 253 minutes, rate of speed 63 miles per hour.

Bound Brook to Elizabeth, distance 20.7 miles, time 20 minutes, rate of speed 60 miles per hour.

Elizabeth to Jersey City, distance 11 miles, time 14 minutes, rate of speed 49.3 miles per hour.

Total time from Ninth and Green streets, Philadelphia, to Jersey City, 894 miles, 98 minutes, rate of speed 5473 miles per hour.

THE RETURN.

On the return trip one car was added, making the total load 168

tons.

Left Jersey City at 2.07 Philadelphia time, reached Elizabeth at 2.21, distance 111⁄2 miles, time 143 minutes, rate of speed 47 miles per hour.

Elizabeth to Bound Brook, distance 20.7 miles, time 19 minutes, rate of speed 65.3 miles per hour.

Bound Brook to Trenton Junction, distance 27.1 miles, time 26.8 minutes, rate of speed 60-6 miles per hour.

Trenton Junction to Yardley, distance 2 miles, time 2 minutes, rate of speed 53 miles per hour.

Yardley to Jenkintown, distance 20 miles, time 20·8 minutes, rate of speed 57.6 miles per hour.

Jenkintown to Wayne Junction, distance 5.8 miles, time 8 minutes, rate of speed 43.5 miles per hour.

Wayne Junction to Ninth and Green streets, distance 4.3 miles, time 8 minutes, rate of speed 30-3 miles per hour.

Total time from Jersey City to Ninth and Green streets, Philadelphia, 100 minutes, distance 89.4 miles, rate of speed 53.4 miles per hour.

The best performance during the trip was in running the 2.8 miles from Willitt to Langhorne, part of which distance is an ascending grade of 16 feet per mile, in two minutes, being at the rate of eightyone miles per hour.

A careful examination of all the bearings at the end of each trip showed them to be perfectly cool, which is something extraordinary for a new engine, running 90 miles without stopping.

To show the speed this engine is capable of performing, on a former trial she ran 13.8 miles in 10 minutes, or at the rate of seventy-eight and eighty-five hundredths of a mile per hour.

Some idea of the steaming capacity of the boiler may be had from