I am indebted to the courtesy of the Town Clerks for giving me the opportunity of discovering, with the assistance of Mr. John Green, of the City Chambers, the original deed of Chancellor Martin Wan; the following translation of which has been revised by Mr. William Henry Hill. The deed itself has been photographed by Mr. William Church, jun., and the photgraph has been traced in lithographic ink by Mr. Annan, Hope Street, and transferred by the usual process:—

Charter of Donation by Martin Wan, Chancellor of the Metropolitan Church of Glasgow, to St. Nicholas' Hospital, dated 1st June, 1501.

Universis Sanctæ matris ecclesiæ

literis inspecturis Mar

tinus Wan Cancellarius ecclie. Metropolitane Glasguen. salutem in eo qui est omnium vera salus noverit universitas vera qui ex caritatis intrfere zeloque accensus in laudem gloriam et honorem Dei omnipotentis sanctissimeque Dei genitricis virginis Marie Sancti Nicolai confessoris ac omnium Sanctorum supernorum cuivum nec non pro salute alie mee aliarumque omnium fidelium . . . Fundo concedo constituo et in puram elimosinam dono uni pauperi degenti in elemosinario sive Hospitali Sancti Nicolai in civitate Glasguen. situat imperpetuum omnes et singulas terras domus et annus redditus subscript. Imprimo viginti solidos de tenemento Johannes Darroch jacen. in magno vico civitatis Glasguen. extenden. ab eclesia metropolitana ejusdem usque ad cruce. fori ex parte orientali ejusdem vici inter tenementum Patricii Greneleis ex parte boreali et tenementum Johannis Cunnynghame ex pte australi. Item duos solidos et duos denarios annui redditus de tenemento Roberti Browniswald jacen. inter tenementa Johannis Elhinhes ex parte australi et Mariote Browniswald ex parte boreali. Item quatuor solidos et sex denarios de tenemento dicti Johannis Elhinhes jacen. inter tenementa prefati Roberti Browniswald ex parte boreali et Magistris Andree Stewart Archidiaconis candida casa ex parte australi. Item quinque solidos annui redditus de tenemento Thome Wadd jacen. inter tenementa Willielmi Dwn ex parte boreali et Andre Ross ex parte australi. Item quinque solidos annui redditus de tenemento Magistri Willielmi Stewart jacen. inter tenementa Roberti

Hugonis ex parte australi et Johannis Brady ex parte boreali. Item quinque solidos annui redditus de tenemento dicti Roberti Hugonis jacen. inter tenementa Willielmi Dwn ex parte australi et prefati Magistri Willielmi Stewart ex parte boreali. Item tresdecem solidos et quatuor denarios annui redditus de tenemento dicti Willielmi Dwn jacen. inter tenementa prefati Roberti Hugonis ex parte boreali et Jacobi Clerk ex parte australi. Item octo solidos annui redditus de tenemento olim Domini Johannis Gluvar et nunc Johannis Hamiltoun jacen. inter tenementa prefati Jacobi Clerk ex parte boreali et Thome Hugonis ex parte australi. Item viginti septem solidos annui redditus de sex acris terrarum campestrem quod. Dni. de Muirhouse jacen. ppt. civitatem Glasguen. super lie Dowhill inter terras Johannis Blaichman ex parte orientali et Johannis Leich ex parte occidentali. Item quindecem solidos de tenemento sive terras Mauriciis Quhite et Andree Robinson jacen. in vico de lie Drygate ex parte australi ejusdem inter terras quond. Willielmi Cragane alius Watson ex parte orientali et terras sive tenementum Johannis Mason ex parte occidentale. Item viginti solidos annui redditus de tenemento Roberti Gluvar et de trebus rigis terræ sive cu. ptinen. jacen. in longa crofta eidem tenemento annexis inter terras Johannis Bothoth ex orientali et Johns. Stewart ex occidentali ptibus. Item septem solidos et octo denarios annui redditus de quatuor rigis terræ Roberti Gluvar jacen. in longa crofta inter terras Jacobi Masone ex occidentali et terras Johannis Monteith ex orientali ptibus cujusquidem pauperis seu indigentis post obitum meum duntaxat presentatio sive donatio hujus lecti cum vacare contigerit volo constituo et ordino Prepositum Ballivos et Consilium Civitatis Glasguen. patronos sic que presentatio hujus lecti eisdem pertenebit presentando hujus pauperum seu indigentem magistro hospitalis quo presentato admitta. per eundem et in possessione instituatur. Itaque admissio ejusdem pauperis seu indigentis supradicti lecti magistro antedicto pertenebit et nulli alteri post obitum meum duntaxat. Et in locus dicti pauperis per mortem vel aliis ipnis. demeritis causantibus de presentationem vacare contigerit volo quod pauper in quo pauperies senectus et debilitas respective et apparenter magis concurrere videntur ad locum sic ut premittitur vacantem pretio prece odio amore favore seu car nalitatis effectu seclusis dicto Magistro hospitalis per prefatos patronos presentetur et per Magistru. Hospitalis ante dictu admittatur et nullo alio. Ita tamen quod dictus pauper sit de parochia Glasguen. ori

undus et ad hujus fundationem prefat Prepositus Ballivm et Consilium Civitatis Glasguen. antedict. obligant se suos heredes et successores per pntia. manus porrigere administrates in defensione protectione supplemento et importatione annuorum redditum terrarum possessionem domorum et aedificiorum dict. lecto seu pauperi pertinen. per suos clientes si necessario fuerit. In super volo quod dicti patroni diligent. attendant que hujus pauper seu indigens observet statuta ceremonias et crones. debitas et consuetas sicut ceteri pauperes fundati comorantes in dicto Hospitali secundum consuetudinem formam et tenorem fundationis pie et recollende memoriæ Andræ Epi. Glasguen. fundatoris ejusdem Hospitalis in quorum omnium et singulorum fidem et testimonium premissorum sigillum commune civium dicti civitatis cum instantia paratum una cum sigillo mei Magistri Martin Wan huic mei fundatione sunt appensa nec non subscriptione notarii subscripti apud civitatem Glasguen. primo die mensis Junii anno Domini millesimo quingentesimo primo coram his testibus Magistris et Dominis Martino Rede vicario de Mernys Patricio Wishard vicario de Cupro Johanne Smyt vicario de Campsy David Gardner vicario de Moffat Thoma Hugonis Willielmo Smyt Ballivis dicti Civitatis Andrea Otterburn Johanne Schaw Archibaldo Harbartson Johanne Broun Georgio Robison Thoma Law David Knoxis David Lindesay Johanne Hamiltoun Andrea Olney et Roberto Craig quondis testibus ad premissa vocatis cum diversis aliis praesentibus et rogatis.

Monogram,

"Johes. Bigholm."

"Et ego Johannes Bigholm pbr. Sancti Andree dioceseos publicus auctoritatibus Imperiali et Regali notarius Quia predicti lecti erectione et fundatione sigilli que eod. dicti civitatis et civitatem ejusdem que gressiom ceterisque omnibus aliis et singulis dum sic ut premittitur dicerentur agerentur et fierent una cum prenominatis testibus presens. interfui. Eaque omhia et singula sic fieri vidi scivi et audivi ac in notam cepi Ideoque hoc presens publicum instrumentum manu mae fidr. scriptum exinde confeci et in hanc publilicam formam instrumentale redegi signoque et nomine meis solitis et consuetis signavi rogatus et requisitus in fidem et testimonium veritatis omnium et singulorum premissorum.

TRANSACTIONS OF THE GLASGOW ARCHEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.

NO. X.

SCOTLAND IN THE MIDDLE AGES.

NOTES BY MR. ALEXANDER GALLOWAY ON THE WORK OF COSMO INNES.

[Read at a Meeting of the Glasgow Archæological Society, on 5th March, 1860.]

As antiquaries and Scotchmen, we regard with much interest every new contribution of materials to the elucidation of our country's history, and, if the quality be good, we welcome the arrival with much satisfaction. The object of the present paper is to lay before the society a brief description of the principal contents of Mr. Innes' new book, entitled "Scotland in the Middle Ages," with a few relative observations. Although only four weeks have passed since it appeared, probably every member of this society has already given it more or less attention; and, fresh as the subject is, it may be presumed that while some of our members present may be willing to exchange opinions on its merits, all will have pleasure in recognising whatever of value has been acquired, and in marking what remains to be sought for.

Scotland's sons have not been less anxious than the men of other lands to produce a veritable and perfect delineation of their country's history, and it might be admitting too much to let it be said they have been less diligent. That they have been less successful, is perhaps owing to the non-existence of sufficient materials, or to the difficulty of procuring enough of such as do exist and are substantial. In their endeavours to rear a temple which might compete creditably with those of foreign countries, early builders have hastily mixed up much rubbish with substances of enduring nature, available at the time; and successors have been content to patch the structure as they best could, each in his turn proclaiming that now all was sound. Mr. Tytler, apprehensive that the foundations and basement were faulty, and would not safely bear being disturbed, commenced his operations at the accession of Alexander III.

(1249). Mr. Innes is of opinion that there is nothing sound before the period of the Norman conquest of England (1066), when, he thinks, it may be said Scottish history begins. But he considers that for apprehending "the structure of our political society, and the domestic history of our ancestors, their modes of thought, feeling, and action," the history of Continental Europe from 768, when Charlemagne succeeded to the great Frankish empire, should be carefully studied; and he asserts that the history of our own country at this time is a blank.

In sketching the state of Europe at the commencement of Charlemagne's reign, he says there may be noticed the following facts:1st, The Celtic race had almost disappeared-part remaining, indeed, in their former locality, but only as bondsmen to foreign masters, and part retired to the defiles of Armorica and the gorges of the Alps-so that "they may, without much injustice to history, be discounted as an independent people from the politics of Europe;" 2d, The Teutonic people filled the land from the Mediterranean to the North Sea; 3d, The Franks, a German confederation, had become very powerful, and were occupying the fairest provinces of Europe; 4th, The Sclaves, Wends, and Bavarians were also powerful; 5th, The Scandinavians and Saxons were numerous in the north-west-the former, known under the name of Northmen or Danes, being "the terror of every coast in Europe," and the latter having established colonies in England some centuries before Charlemagne's time; 6th, The Moors were in Spain; 7th, The Lombards on the south side of the Alps; 8th, The Italians on the banks of the Tiber; 9th, The Byzantines on the Bosphorus.

In noticing the Saxons, he gives an extract from a manuscript, of date A.D. 743, found in the Vatican, which is remarkable as showing that the speech of the common people then in use is recognised and understood at the present day by Germans, Dutch, Scandinavians, Scotch, and English, and by all other now existing peoples who speak a genuine Teutonic language. As to the old Roman influence, he remarks that the power of the formerly vast empire, although finally destroyed, had left permanent effects throughout Europe, especially in the constitution of burghal communities.

It the first of the two introductory chapters the author indulges in some small details regarding the person of Charlemagne-his foot, his eyes, his nose, his hair, his dress, and his individual peculiarities and manner of life, which may seem to have no proper place