cies for ninety pounds per ammum, and who, in a declining state of health, had no other means of supporting a wife and ten chil- When the body is in the room, strip and dren, five of whom were blind. To provide dry it; clean the mouth and nostrils; lay it an annuity of fifteen or twenty pounds a on the couch, in cold weather near the fire, year for each of those blind children, a sub- and cover it with a warm blanket; and gently scription was set on foot, and the appeal rub it with warm flannels.--In summer, exmade to the benevolent on their behalf propose the body to the rays of the sun; and m duced a sum of £4000. With the surplus hot close weather, air should be freely adwhich this subscription afforded the York mitted. Emanuel originated, and at the period of the publication of the last report, the fund for its maintenance was swelled by the contributions of the benevolent to £10,800 stock in the three per cent. consolidated annuities. on any account, to enter the room where the body is placed. YOUNG CHILDREN to be put between two persons, in a warm bed. If MEDICAL ASSISTANTS do not speedily arrive, then let the body, if DROWNED, be gently rubbed with flannel sprinkled with spirits or flour of mustard, and a heated warming-pan, covered, may be lightly moved over the back and spine. The other charitable institutions of York are:-The Charitable Society for the relief of the distressed actually resident in TO RESTORE BREATHING-Press or York; and the Benevolent Society, for the pinch the mouth or nostrils exactly close, før relief of strangers in casual distress, both the space of half a minute, or a minute, then which societies visit those they relieve. The let them free; but if no perceptible sign of Lying-in Society; the Bible Society; the life appears, then introduce the pipe of a Church Missionary Society; the Religious bellows (when no apparatus is at hand) into Tract Society; the Hibernian Society; and one nostril; the other, and the mouth being the Society for the Conversion of the Jews. closed, blow into or inflate the lungs, till the The Clothing Society; the Faithful Female breast be a little raised; the mouth and nosServant Society; and the Society for the Sup-trils must then be let free.-Repeat this propression of Vice and Immorality, the main cess till life appears. object of which is to co-operate with the Hull Penitentiary, and to send unfortunate females who wish to relinquish their vicious courses, to that asylum. There is also a Vagrant Office, in Little Shambles, by which vagrancy is checked and the distressed traveller relieved. Formerly there was in this city a Society called the Humane Society, for the recovery of drowned persons, &c. on the plan of the Royal Humane Society in London. The York institution now no longer exists, but as the directions of those establishments for relieving the apparently dead, cannot be too generally promulgated, they are here subjoined : TOBACCO-SMOKE, or the SMOKE of MYRRH or FRANKINCENSE, is to be thrown gently into the fundament, with a proper instrument, or the bowl of a pipe covered, so as to defend the mouth of the assistant. The BREAST to be fomented with hot spirits-hot bricks or tiles, covered, &c. to be applied to the soles of the feet, and palms of the hands. If no signs of life appear, the body is to be put into the warm bath. Electricity is recommended to be early employed by the medical assistants, or other judicial practitioners. IN CASES OF INTENSE COLD. Rub the body with snow, ice, or cold water. -Restore warmth by slow degrees; and, after some time, if there be no appearance of life, the above means for restoring the drowned must be employed. HANGING. A FEW OUNCES of BLOOD may be taken from the jugular vein, or the arm;-Cupping glasses may be applied to the head and neck;-Leeches also to the temples. The other methods of treatment, the same as recommended for the apparently drowned. SUFFOCATION, BY NOXIOUS VAPOURS or LIGHTNING. COLD WATER to be repeatedly thrown upon the face, &c., drying the body at intervals.IF THE BODY FEELS coLD, employ gradual warmth, and the above process for restoring the drowned. INTOXICATION. The BODY is to be laid on a bed, with the head a little raised; the neck-cloth, &c. removed. Obtain immeniately MEDICAL ASSISTANCE, as the modes of treatment must be varied according to the circumstances of the patient. established in 1720, is of course upwards of a century old. Its present politics are favourable to the Whig principles. The Chronicle, published on Thurs. day, in Coppergate, by Mr. Wm. Blanchard, was established by Mr. Christopher Etherington, on the 18th of December, 1772. The politics of this paper are Tory, but not ultra. GENERAL OBSERVATIONS. ON SIGNS OF RETURNING LIFE, a tea-spoonful of warm water may be given; and, if swallow- The Herald, published in the Paveing be returned, warm wine or diluted brandy. ment, on Saturday, by Messrs. Hargrove, The patients must be put into a warm Gawthorp, and Hargrove. This paper was bed, and, if disposed to sleep, they will gene-established on the 1st of January, 1790, by rally awake perfectly restored. The MEANS above recommended, are to be used for THREE OR FOUR Hours. It is an absurd and vulgar opinion to suppose persons irrecoverable, because LIFE does not SOON make its appearance. Bleeding and Salt never to be employed, unless by the direction of the Medical Assistants. Benevolent persons, by immediately pursuing and persevering in the above directions, have restored many lives. At the same time, it is proper always to recommend the attendance of the Faculty, as their professional knowledge will induce them to direct and vary the above means of restoring life, according to accidental circumstances. The commercial and trading establishments of York are numerous, amongst which the Banks naturally take the precedency: There are here three banking establishments exclusive of the Savings' Bank, namely, Messrs. Raper, Swann, Clough, Swann, Bland, and Raper, Coney-street, who draw on Sir R. C. Glyn, Bart. Mills, Halifax, Glyn and Co. No. 12, Birchin-lane, London. Messrs. Wilson, Spence, and Mawman; it was afterwards published by Mr. Alexander Bartholoman, (who had been many years the overseer of their printing office,) and has always been decidedly a Whig publication. The Yorkshire Gazette, published in the Minster yard, on Saturday, by Messrs. Wolstenholme and Co. This paper was established on the 24th of April, 1819, and is a decided Tory publication. Pick's Racing Calendar was begun in 1786, and has been yearly continued to the present time. Mr. Thomas Sotheran, bookseller, is the proprietor and publisher. He also produces annually, in March, the Turf Companion. A new Racing Calendar was commenced in 1821, by Mr. Robert Johnson, and will continue to be issued from his press, generally early in March. In this city there are nominally three market days, namely, Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday, but the principal market is on Saturday. There is also a market for Swine, heldevery Wednesday,nearFossbridge. The merchants of the staple having long since ceased to reside in York, the trade in wool in this city was for some ages discon tinued; but on the 6th of May, in the year 1708, the wool market was revived, and there is now a wool fair, as it is called, held Messrs. Wilson, Tweedy, and Wilson, High Ousegate, who draw on Sir William Curtis, Bart. Robarts, and Curtis, 15, Lombard street, London. Messrs. Wentworth, Chaloner, Rish-in Peaseholme green, every Thursday, from worth, and Co. Low Ousegate, who draw on Messrs. Wentworth, and Co. No. 25, Threadneedle street, London. Lady-day to Michaelmas, which is well attended, and at which the growers from the North and from the East, meet the consu All the York Banks open at nine, and mers from the West to sell their fleeces. close at four o'clock. The Savings' Bank, established in 1816, in New street, is in a flourishing situation, and has investments to the amount of 70,9237. Os. 1d. made by 1854 depositors, consisting chiefly of servants and labouring persons.Mr. Francis Carbutt is the secretary, and the hours of business are from 12 to 1 on Tuesdays, and from 11 to 1 on Saturdays. There are four newspapers published in York: The Courant, published in Coney street, on Tuesday, by Mr. Henry Cobb.This is the senior paper in York, and bein There is also a leather fair, held in this street, on the first Wednesday in March, June, September, and December, which, though so recently established as 1815, is become a mart of considerable consequence. These flourishing branches of trade serve to compensate for the declension of business at the "Butter Stand" in Micklegate. Formerly great quantities of this article was brought to York, and after be ing weighed here by officers appointed for the purpose, was purchased by contractors, and shipped to London. Thirty years ago 80,000 firkins of butter were annually re ceived at this office; now the quantity does not exceed one-sixth part of that amount. The commerce and traffle carried on upon and through the medium of the Ouse, though now much less than in remote times, is still very considerable. Regular trading vessels between London and York, of the burden of from 110 to 150 tons, navigate its waters, and vessels of about half that burden are constantly passing between Hull and this city, from which goods are conveyed by water into the interior of the county, The Fairs held in this city are numerous: In Peaseholme green there is a Line Fair on the Saturdays before Michaelmas Day, Martinimas Day, Christmas Day, Lady Day, St. Peter's Day, and Lammas Day, (all old style) as well as on Whit Monday. The line or flax is brought from the neighbourhood for sale, and the fair, which commences about nine o'clock in the morning, is over by eleven.as far as Boroughbridge and Ripon. There The three great Cattle and Horse fairs of is also a packet boat from Newton-on-Ouse, York are held on the grounds out of Bootham and another from Selby and Cawood, which Bar, called the Horse Fair, on Whit Mon- arrive and return every Saturday, as well as day, St. Peter's Day, and Lammas Day.- a steam-packet from thence to Gainsbro'.— Besides these, there are several minor fairs, York is amply supplied with coal, brought for horses, horned cattle, &c. held in Walm- up the Ouse in barges from Flockton, Haigh gate, Fossgate, the Pavement, and Petergate. Moor, and Silkstone, all in the West-Riding: The Merchant Tailors' Company as- and the inhabitants are supplied with water semble quarterly in their hall, in Aldwark, by the Water Works Company, from the to transact their business; but the concerns works in Lendal, of which Mr. Ransley is of the fraternity not requiring much room, the managing clerk, under the direction of they have very laudably awarded a consider- a committee. On the Foss there is a naviable part of their premises to the use of chari-gable communication from the junction of table institutions. The master of this guild that river with the Ouse, to the parish of is Mr. Wm. Whitehead; and the wardens are Stillington, in the North-Riding. Messrs. H. Stephenson, J. Wade, George Knowles, and John Hollins; the searchers are Messrs. John Nicholson and Geo. Vause. The MERCHANTS' COMPANY of York, for the encouragement of trade, is of considerable antiquity, and has outlived the commerce of the city. Their hall is situated in Fossgate; and the old stone archway by which it is entered is surmounted by the arms of the Merchants of the Staple. The officers are chosen triennially, and consist at present of Mr. J. Hodgson, governor; Mr. Seth Agar, deputy-governor; Messrs. C. J. Hanson and H. Stead, wardens; and Mr. Thomas Ward, secretary. On the ground floor of the hall there is a chapel, and a hospital called "Trinity Hospital," endowed by the Company, in which five aged men and five aged women live, and are allowed each 51. annually. The Hawkers' and Pedlars' Office is situated in the Mint-yard, and is kept by Mr. George Burnell. From this office licences are issued yearly, on the 1st of August. The Excise-Office is in Spurriergate, and is open from 8 o'clock in the morning to 5 o'clock in the afternoon. Thos. Hall, Esq. of Bishop-hill, is the collector; Mr. Wm. Simpson, of Fowler's court, Spurriergate, is clerk; and Mr. Thos. Bushby, of Spurriergate, the supervisor. There are also attached to this establishment eight officers of division, and three for the different rides, exclusive of two permit writers & an office keeper. The manufactories of York are neither numerous nor upon a large scale; there are, however, some establishments of this nature which claim attention.-The white and red lead manufactory of Messrs. Charles The offices for the distribution of stamps Liddell and Co. in Newtgate-lane, is an exfor the West and North Ridings are held in tensive concern in that line, and the prothis city; that for the West-Riding in Peter-cess attracts a good deal of notice in York. gate, of which Wm. Gray, Esq. is distributor; and the North-Riding office is in New street, of which Wm Hale, Esq. is distributor. The East-Riding stamp office is at Hull. The Post-Office is in Lendal, near the Mansion-house and the York Tavern, close to St. Helen's square. William Oldfield, Esq. is the post-master; and a comprehensive scale, communicating a considerable body of information relating to that establishment, will be found at page 107, in the present volume; after which will also be found copious details relating to the carriers and coaches to and from this city. The glass manufactory of Messrs. Prince and Prest, in the Suburbs near Fishergate Bar, was established in 1797, and is chiefly employed in the fabrication of Flint glass, vessels and glass phials. The wholesale book concern of Messrs. Wilson and Sons, in High Ousegate, ranks among the first establishments of the kind out of the metropolis. This city has also manufactures of carpets, linen, stuffs, flax, cordage, agricultural implements, combs, gloves, paper hangings, articles in chemistry, musical instruments, and jewellery, and the art of sculpture is practised with considerable suc F cess. In this, as in the other principal cities of England, there is an incorporated Goldsmiths' Company, which is authorised and directed by Act of Parliament to elect two wardens yearly, and to appoint an assay master or assayer. The Assay Office in York is situated in Feasgate, and the assay days are Tuesday and Friday in every week. Mr. William Greaves North is the present assayer. The persons forming the Goldsmiths' Company are those who have served a regular apprenticeship to the trade, are free of, and inhabitants of the city, and by them all elections and appointments relating to their corporation are made. The population of York, within the last ten years, has increased about seventeen per cent. upon the population of 1811; in that year the return was 19,099, it is now 22,529, as appears from the following POPULATION RETURN The places of public amusement and relaxation in this city are the theatre, the assembly rooms, the concert rooms, the race course, the cock pit, and the bowling green; with the public baths, walks, club rooms, and other places of less importance. The Theatre Royal is conveniently situated in the spacious opening at the upper part of Blake street. The present building was erected by Mr. Joseph Baker, in 1763, in the early part of the theatrical career of Tate Wilkinson, Esq. who, in 1769, became manager, under a patent from the Crown.-This edifice has just undergone very considerable improvements; the square form of the interior is changed for the semi-circular, and instead of the row of boxes there are now two entire tiers, with very handsome lobbies; but the most material of the alterations consists in the improved entranceformerly it was through a narrow tortuous passage, where the visitants to the boxes, pit, and gallery, indiscriminately pressed together now, on the contrary, the entrance to the gallery is through the Mint 554 yard, and a spacious hall in front receives the frequenters of the boxes and pit upon their first entrance into the theatre, but 152 they immediately separate; the former, 827 turning to the left, ascend two capacious 209 flights of stone steps, and the latter proceed 1093 straight forward through the hall of entrance to the pit. The whole of this part of the building is fire proof. Upon attain ing the summit of the first lobby on the left, an elegant saloon presents itself, where John St. Evangelist, Micklegate......... 938 confectionaries and other refreshments may OF THE SEVERAL PARISHES OF THE CITY All Saints, North street Castle of York.. Crux St. Cuthbert St. Dennis St. Giles St. Helen St. Stonegate Helen St. on the Walls 910 223 185 881 678 398 799 Margaret St......................................................................... 808 132 be had by the company. The house is lighted with wax, supported by handsome glass chandeliers, and the embellishments in the pannels round the theatre, which are in basso relievo, reflect great credit upon Mr. Rhodes, of Leeds, the artist, by their chaste The cost of these imand classical effect. provements has been defrayed out of a fund raised for the purpose by voluntary contributions, towards which Mr. Mansel, the present spirited manager, was a large contributor, the corporation subscribing 2007; and the city of York can now boast of as beautiful a theatre as any in the kingdom. The theatrical season here is from the beginning of March to the latter end of May, and during the assize and race weeks. The house is cal 987 culated, at the ordinary prices of 4s. boxes, 25. pit, and 1s. gallery, to hold 2001. It is only justice to the York stage to add, that it has had the honour to furnish more talent for the metropolitan boards than any other provincial establishment in these islands. Olave St. Marygate. Trinity, Goodramgate .................. 527 227 Total..................... 22,529 *That part within the City or Suburbs. The Assembly Rooms are in Blake street, near the theatre. The edifice formed by this suite of gay apartments, was erected by subscription, in shares of 25% and 50%. each, in the year 1730, from a design by the celebrated Lord Burlington. The vestibule, or entrance room, is 32 feet long by 21 wide, and 21 feet high. The grand assembly room is an antique Egyptian The Yorkshire Amateur Concerts, hall, 112 feet long, 40 feet broad, and 40 established at Sheffield, in 1808, for the grafeet high. This room consists of two orders, tification of a musical taste and the promothe lower part exhibiting forty-four columns, tion of social intercourse amongst the lovers with rich capitals, on which the wall above of harmony in this county, is held at York is carried up, and an elegant cornice com- triennially. The performance which is anpletes the Corinthian order; the upper part nual in succession at Sheffield, Leeds, and ls after the composite, decorated with fes-York, continues for two days, and affords toons, in imitation of acorns and oak leaves, one of the richest musical treats that is to be surmounted with a beautiful cornice, en- enjoyed in any part of the kingdom. riched with curious ornaments. From the Next to New Market, York Races bear ceiling are suspended thirteen lustres of the first rank upon the English turf-and if crown glass, each holding eighteen wax can- in England, then in the world. In Camden's dies. On the right is the lesser assembly time horse racing was a favourite amuseroom, measuring 66 feet by 22, the ceiling ment in the surrounding forest of Galtres, of which is adorned with beautiful antique and as a folden bell, which was tied on the fret-work. In the assize and race weeks forehead of the winning horse, was the prize, these rooms are open for concerts and assem- hence the phrase arose of "bearing away blies, and at other times frequently display the bell." In latter times Clifton's Ings were an assemblage of fashion and splendour, the scene of generous strife, but in the year which serve to revive the recollection of the 1709, Knavesmire, so called from being the days when our Edwards and Henries held swampy pasture of the poor householders' their courts in this our ancient city, During cattle, has been used for this purpose. the winter there are five subscription con- 1713, the King's gold cup, for which one certs in these rooms, which usually com-hundred guineas has since been substituted, mence in January; and four benefit concerts, with a separate subscription for quadrille dances and card parties, called "the York Winter Assemblies." The managers of the concerts are, Dr. Camidge and Mr. P. Knapton. In *Knave, the Anglo-Saxon term for a man of low condition. On the last day of the August Meeting, in 1804, a four mile race was run upon this course, which will be long memorable in the annals of the turf. The match was between Mrs. Thornton, backed by the Colonel, and Mr. Flint; and the attractive novelty of the scene was so great, that 50,000 spectators were that day drawn to Knavesmire. In the early part of the contest the fair jockey rode with great spirit and dexterity, but while running the third mile her horse, Vingarillo, broke down, and she of course lost the race. York has long been famous for its attachment to racing, both equestrian and pedestrian. In the winter of 1773, Powell, the pedestrian, undertook for a considerable wager, to go from London to York and back again in six days. On Monday, the 29th of November, he commenced his task, early in the morning, and at half-past two o'clock in the afternoon of Wednesday, he arrived in York, attended by a vast concourse of spectators. After an hour and a half's repose, he again resumed his labour, and arrived at Hick's Hall, London, at half past six o'clock on Saturday night, amidst the congratulations of 500 horsemen, and an innumerable multitude of pedestrians, who had gone out to Barnet to meet him. Fuller, in his "Worthies," mentions an equestrian feat of a Yorkshireman, not less extraordinary. John Lepton, Esq. of York, a gentleman in the service of James I. for a considerable wager, undertook to ride, on horseback, three times from London to York, and three times from York to London, in six days, being a journey of nearly two hundred miles each in six successive days. On Monday, the 20th of May, 1606, he commenced his journey, from Aldersgate, and arrived in York before it was dark at night. The next day he travelled from York to London; and this he did successively every day in the week," to the greater praise of his strength in acting," says our author, than" to his discretion in undertaking the task." William Nevison, the notorious highwayman, whom Charles II. used to call Swift Nick, after committing a robbery near London, about sun rise, rode his mare to York in the course of the day, and appeared upon the Bowling Green in that city, before sun-set. From this latter circumstance, when brought to trial for the offence, he established an alibi, to the satisfaction of the Jury, though he was in reality guilty-and thus was indebted for his life rather to the fleetness of his horse than to the integrity of his conduct. But a career of flagitious crime generally terminates in ignominious punishment. Nevison, though he escaped this time, was afterwards brought to trial for another robbery, of which he was found guilty, and executed for the offence, |