Marmaduke Fothergill, which, with several late purchases, gifts, and bequests, form together a valuable library.

The number of persons of rank and distinction, whose mortal remains are deposited in this ancient temple, is very considerable. The head of Edwin, the first christian king of Northumberland, was interred in the cathedral at York, and his body in the monastery at Whitby. History also records, amongst the persons interred here, the names of Eadbert and Eanbald, kings of Northumberland; Swein, king of Denmark; Tosti, brother of king Harold; William de Hatfield, second son of Edward III.; Thomas Mowbray, Duke of Norfolk, and Sir J. Lamplugh, both beheaded for their loyalty to the house of York; and a very large proportion of the archbishops, who have presided over this See, from the introduction of Christianity into this province to the present day. Amongst the monuments still in existence to the memory of illustrious laymen, is chiefly to be noticed that of Charles Howard, Earl of Carlisle, privy councillor to Charles II. The sepulchral monument of the Earl of Stafford, who died in 1695, and that of the honourable Thomas Watson Wentworth, third son of Edward Lord Rockingham. Amongst those of modern days, that which public esteem and affection have erected to the memory of that distinguished friend of his country and of mankind, Sir George Savile, claims the regard of all those who can appreciate extensive benevolence and distinguished patriotism.

PREBENDARIES.

Wm. Abbott, B.D. Fridaythorpe.
Robert Affleck, M.A. Tockerington.
Richard Carey, M.A. Knaresbrough,
Hon, A. H. Cathcart, M.A. Langtoft.
J. J. Coneybeare, M.A. Warthill.
E. A. H. Drummond D.D. Husthwaite.
John Dolphin, M.A. Riccal.
John Ellis, B.A. Barnby Moor.
R. P. Goodenough, M.A. Fenton.
W. R. Hay, M.A. Dunnington.
Hon. T. A. Harris, M.A. Osbaldwick
Lampługh Hird, M.A. Botevant.
Henry Kitchingman, M.A. Bole.
Edward Otter, M.A. Ulleskelfe.
W. Preston, M.A. Bilton.

Hon. John Lumley Savile, M.A. South

Newbold.

Samuel Smith, D.D. Grindall.
Wm. V. Vernon, M.A. North Newbald.
Robert Darley Waddilove, D.D. Dean of

Ripon, Wistow.

Henry Watkins, M.A. Givendate.
James Webber, B.D. Strensall..
W. S. Willes, M.A. Holme.
John Wingfield, D.D. Weighton.
T. B. Woodman, M.A. Bugthorpe.

COLLEGE OF VICARS.
Rev. Richard Forrest, Sub-Chanter.
Rev. James Richardson, Μ.Α.
Rev. Wm. Bulmer, M.A.
Rev. James Dallin, M.A.
Rev. Henry A. Beckwith, M.Α.
ORGANIST-Mr. Matthew Camidge.
ASSISTANT-ORGANIST
Musical Doctor.

John Camidge,

The Right Hon. and Most Rev. Edward

Venables Vernon, D.C.L. Archbishop of York, Primate of England, &c. &c. palace at Bishopthorpe.

The very Rev. Williaın Cockburn, M.Α. Dean of York.

CANONS RESIDENTIARY.

Archdeacon Markham, M.A. Wetwang.
Archdeacon Eyre, M.A. Apesthorpe.
Rev. Robert Croft, M.A. Stillington.
Rev. G. Desmeth Kelly, M.A. Ampleford.
PRECENTOR-The Hon. and Rev. E. Rice,
D.D. Driffield.
CHANCELLOR OF THE CHURCH-Rev. H.

F. Mills, M.A. Laughton.
SUBDEAN-Rev. Geo. Cuthbert, M.A.
SUCCENTOR OF THE CANONS--Rev. W. S.
Willes, M.A.

ARCHDEACONS. York-Rev. Robert Markham, M.A. Nottingham-Rev. John Eyre, M.A. East-Riding-Rev. R. D. Waddilove, D.D. Cleveland Rev. F. Wrangham, M.A. F.R.S.

8 boys, 3 Vergers. REGISTRAR-William Mills, Esq.

Officers of the Ecclesiastical Court. CHANCELLOR AND COMMISSARY-Granville

Venables Vernon, Esq. M.A. DEPUTY-REGISTRAR-Joseph Buckle, Esq.

The chapel of St. Sepulchre formerly stood not far from the site of the archiepiscopal palace. This chapel was built and amply endowed by Roger, Archbishop of York, and had, at the reformation, a revenue amounting to £192. 16s. 6d. After the edifice had ceased to answer the purpose originally intended, part of it was converted into a public house, and from an opening at the end of a dungeon, with which the chapel was provided, the publican named his house "The Hole in the Wall." In the year 1816, the public house become ruinous, and was taken down, when, on removing the materials, the workmen came to a subterraneous prison, some feet below the surface of the earth, which had no doubt been used, in the dark ages of cruelty and superstition, as a dungeon, for the purpose of immuring ecclesiastical delinquents. In the following year a rude piece of Saxon seulpture, cut upon a stone, which, it is conjectured, formed the base of the arch over the doorway leading into this dungeon, was found, which pourtrays a man in the agonies of death, surrounded by demons, who are tormenting his body, and seizing his departing spirit. This singular relic is deposited in the Minster library.

Not far from the dungeon is the prison and the "Hall of Pleas," for the Liberty of St. Peter. The prison, kept by Thomas Harrison, is used for offenders within the liberty, and there is a small court room in the upper story, where causes in common law arising within this jurisdiction are tried. The Liberty of St. Peter comprehends all those parts of the city and county of York which belong to the church of St. Peter, and an enumeration of which will be found in the population returns prefixed to this volume. Henry John Dickens, Esq. barrister-at-law, is the steward, and Christopher Newstead, Gentleman, of York, is the Clerk of the Peace and Under Steward for this liberty, of which Mr. John Brook is the Chief Bailiff, and Thomas Harrison the Constable. The jurisdiction is separate and exclusive, and it has its own Magistrates, Steward, Bailiff, Coroners, and Constables. Amongst its privileges, the inhabitants, men, and tenants of this liberty, are exempt from the payment of all manner of tolls throughout England, Ireland, and Wales, on the produetion of a certificate, which the under

steward is always ready to supply. Four general quarter sessions are held for this liberty, at the sessions-house, in the Minster yard, on the Saturday in each week appointed by statute for holding the general quarter sessions, to inquire into all manner of felonies, poisonings, inchantments,

sorceries, arts magic, trespasses, &c." And a court is held in the hall every three weeks, where pleas in actions of debt, trespass, replevin, &e. to any amount whatever, arising within the liberty, are heard. There is also a court leet and view of frank-pledge for the whole liberty, held twice a year, namely, on Wednesday in Easter week, and the first Wednesday after new Michaelmas day.

The Register Office, or the Archbishop's Prerogative Court, as it is sometimes called, is held in an old building at the east end of the cathedral, in which the registration of wills and the granting of licences for the general diocese of York take place. The Dean and Chapter have also a distinct office, in which secular business is transacted for the inhabitants of the Liberty of St. Peter's.

The Deanery house of this cathedral is situated in the Minster-yard, and was erected in the year 1090. At the reformation the yearly tenths were valued at 302. 178. Ond. and the living, which is in the gift of the king, at 3071 10s. 74d. The present dean is the Right Reverend William Cockburu, M.A. who was created dean in 1823. The deanery has the rectories of Pocklington, Pickering, and Kilham, of which the dean is patron and ordinary; he likewise presents to Thornton, Ebberston, Ellerburne, BarnbyMoor, Givendale, and Hayton vicarages. He appoints also the residentaries, but must choose them out of the prebendaries, and the first prebendary he sees after a vacancy, has a right to claim the residentaryship The dean and the four residentiaries constitute the chapter; and the value of a residentiaryship is estimated, in Bacon's Liber Regis, at 209l. per annum.

Thereare yet considerable remains of an ancient building erected here to the honour of St. William, Archbishop of York, called " St. William's college," for the parsons and chantry priest of the college to reside in, it being deemed contrary to the honour and decency of the church for them to live in houses of laymen and women, as heretofore. Belfrey's church is situated in the Minster-yard, but as it will be enumerated amongst the churches where service is still performed, it is unnecessary to dwell upon it here. Besides this church there were formerly two other parish churches within the Cathedral close, namely,

St. Mary ad Valvas," and St. John del Pike." The first of these edifices was removed in the year 1365, and the latter in 1585.

The Beddern was a college of vicars choral, belonging to the cathedral; and the choral was first ordained in 1252. Though standing in Goodramgate, and consequently not within the close of St. Peter's, it is always classed with that district, on account of its original connexion. The vicars choral were formerly 36, agreeing in number with the prebendal stalls in the cathedral, and besides attending to their duty in the choir, one officiated for each canon, receiving for their services the annual sum of forty shillings each. The chantries and obits, from which the vicars choral derived their chief support, being dissolved, their number is greatly diminished, and in the vicissitude of human events, the Beddern, once the seat of imperial grandeur, and subsequently of ecclesiastical pride, is now the abode of poverty, and a scene of dilapidation. The Beddern chapel, which was founded in 1348, is no longer used for the general services of the sanctuary, but is confined to the christening of children and the churching of women. These several appendages formerly surrounded the cathedral, and were detached from the city by walls, closed in by four large pair of gates, which were shut every night. Those gates, of which there are still some remains, were placed, the first to open into Petergate, opposite Little Blake-street; the second into Petergate, opposite Stonegate; the third at the end of College-street, opposite the Beddern; and the fourth into Uggleford. The circumference of the Cathedral close, with its district, is nearly three quarters of a mile, and when in its meridian glory, it formed a little ecclesiastical world of its own.

In addition to the Cathedral, there are in York twenty-three other churches, in which divine service is statedly performed.* They are

The Church of ALL HALLOWS, commonly called ALL SAINTS, a discharged rectory, in the gift of the crown, valued in the king's books at 57. 16s. 10 d.§ and stated in Bacon's Liber Regis to be of the clear yearly value of 651. 3s. 9d. The Rev. Wm. Flower is the present incumbent. The church stands * In the churches marked thus there is only divine service on the Sunday morning, which commences at past 10 o'clock; thus † in the afternoon, at past 2 o'clock; thus both morning and afternoon, at past 10 and past 2.

These books were made by commissioners appointed by the crown for that purpose, in the reign Henry VIII. on the the reformation.

+ Published in 1786.

partly in High Ousegate, but principally in the Pavement. It is a very ancient structure, and, according to Drake, is built on the ruins of Eboracum. The body of the church and part of the steeple exhibit a very antique appearance; but the edifice is chiefly remarkable for a more modern erection of exquisite Gothic workmanship, on the old steeple. This tower is finished lantern-wise, and tradition says, that anciently a large lamp hung in it, which was lighted in the night time, as a mark for travellers to aim at, in their way to York, over the immense forest of Galtres. There is still the hook or pully on which the lamp hung in the steeple, and iron bars cross the windows, in which the glass might be fixed. This lantern, it is conjectured, was built in the fifteenth century, and there are here several old monuments cotemporary with the supposed erec tion of the tower. Part of the present burial ground was formerly used as a herb and fish market, but in 1782-3, the churchyard was enlarged, and the chancel being then taken down, the ground on which it stood was applied to enlarge the marketplace. At the same time the whole fabric underwent a thorough repair.

ALL-SAINTS, North-street; an ancient rectory, valued in the king's books at 41. 78. 11d. and in Bacon's Liber Regis at 442. 17s. 2d. The present rector is the Rev. Wm. Leo. Pickard, M.A. and the king is the patron. The service is on alternate Sundays, both morning and afternoon. In early times this rectory belonged to the priory of St. Trinity, in Micklegate, to which it was granted by the Conqueror, and confirmed by the bull of Pope Alexander II. The principal object in this church worthy of the stranger's attention, is the ancient painted glass in the windows, and a mutilated piece of Roman monumental sepulchre in the south wall.

ST. CRUX, or Holy Cross,† in the Shambles, is a rectory in the gift of the king, valued in the king's books at 6l. 16s. 8d. and in Bacon's Liber Regis 787. 6s 9d. The Rev. John Overton, M. A. is the present incumbent. The year 1424, is the supposed date of this church, which was given by Nigell Fossard, lord of Doncaster, to St. Mary's Abbey. The steeple is of brick, ornamented with a small dome, and, like the steeple at Chesterfield, seems to have lost its perpendicular line.

ST. CUTHBERT'S Churcht is a rectory, and stands near the postern at the end of Peaseholm-green; the living is valued in the king's books at 52. 10s. 10d. and in Bacon's Liber Regis at 88l. 2s. 6d.; the king is the patron, and the Rev. Thomas Henry Yorke,

M.A. is the rector. There is an annual distribution of 21. 10s. to the poor, made at this church on Martinmas Day, in virtue of a bequest made by Sir Martin Bowes, a native of York, but Lord Mayor of London, in 1545. Many ancient remains have been found in digging here, and amongst others a sepulchral tile inscribed LEG. IX. HISP.

ST. DENNIS, in Walmgate; this church is a rectory, of which the Rev. James Serjeantson, M.A. is the incumbent, and the king the patron. In the king's books it is valued at 41. Os. 10d. and in Bacon's Liber Regis at 317. 17s. Divine service is performed once a fortnight, at half-past two o'clock in the afternoon. Tradition represents this church to have been originally a Jewish Synagogue or Tabernacle, but the tradition seems to rest on no sufficient authority. In the year 1798, in consequence of an injury suffered by the foundations, the west end of this edifice was taken down, and the size of the church thereby considerably reduced. At the same time, the neat and lofty spire which was perforated by a shot during the last siege of York, was taken down, and a square tower, not in good taste, substituted. The ancient porch was then also removed, but the carved door-way remains, and would grace a more entire and handsome edifice.

ST. HELEN'S Church, in the Square bearing that name, was formerly a rectory, appropriated to the nunuery of Molseby, but in the reign of Henry V. it was ordained a vicarage; the value of this living in the king's books is 4l. 58. 5d.; in Bacon's Liber Regis, it is valued at 442. 4s. 6d.; the Rev. John Acaster, clerk, is the vicar. Tradition says, that upon the site of this church there anciently stood an heathen temple dedicated to Diana. In the year 1743, the church yard belonging to this church was appropriated to the public use, and a plot of land in Davygate, appropriated to the interment of the dead instead of it. In 1700, the York Tavern was erected on part of this land. Prior to these alterations, the area bore the opprobrious name of Cuckold's Corner, but after the improvement, it became St. Helen's Square, by which name it is now called. Near the entrance to the church is a large Saxon Font, in which it is conjectured that adults were formerly baptized by emersion.

The Church of ST. JOHN the Evangelist, near Ouse-bridge, appertains to the dean and chapter of York, and though mentioned in the Liber Regis, has no value affixed to the living. The Rev. James Richardson, M.A. is the curate. In this church are interred the remains of Sir Richard Yorke, of York, Knight, mayor of the staple at Calais, and Lord Mayor of York, in 1469, and 1482. The steeple was blown down by

a high wind in 1551, and has never been rebuilt. In consequence of the recent improvements near Ouse-bridge, the buryingground has been materially contracted, and the street made more spacious in front of the church.

The Church of ST. LAWRENCE, in Walmgate, was anciently a rectory, but is now a vicarage, of which the dean and ehapter of York are the patrons. It is valued in the king's books at 54. 10s., and in Bacon's Liber Regis at 132. 48. 10d. The Rev. Wm. Wright Layng, A.B. is the viear, and divine service, which is performed once a day on alternate Sundays, commences at half-past ten in the morning. At the siege of York this church was nearly destroyed, and it remained in ruins till 1669, when it was repaired partially; but in the year 1817 it was thoroughly repaired and enlarged.

ST. MARGARET'S Church, ou the north side of Walmgate, is a rectory, in the gift of the king, valued in the books at 47. 9s. 9 d. and in Bacon's Liber Regis at 271. 8s. 5d. The living is enjoyed by the Rev. John Overton, A.M. In 1672, the steeple of this church fell down and injured the roof, which, owing to the then poverty of the parish, was not repaired till twelve years afterwards. The porch of St. Margaret's exhibits an extraordinary specimen of Saxon sculpture and architecture, and is said to have been brought from the dissolved hospital of St. Nicholas, without the neighbouring bar. It comprises four united circular arches (ornamented with figures) below and within each other. The arches are supported by a light round column. The top of the porch is crowned with a small stone crucifix and the effect is altogether antique and interesting.

ST. MARTIN's Church, Micklegate, is a rectory, vested in trustees, valued in the king's books at 57. 16s. 3d. and in Bacon's Liber Regis at 46/. 48. 62d. The Rev. Montague John Wynyard is the rector. The painted glass in the windows of this church is very beautiful, and in the wall of the church yard there are several curious pieces of defaced Roman sculpture.

The Church of ST. MARTIN, the Bishop, in Coney-street, is an ancient edifice, noticed in Domesday-book. The living is a vicarage, valued in the king's books at 47. and estimated in Bacon's Liber Regis at the clear yearly value of 217. 16s. 8d. The patrons are the dean and chapter of York, and the Rev. William Bulmer, M.A. vicar, is the present incumbent. The appearance of the exterior of the church is improved by a tower steeple, and it is rendered remarkable by a clock which projects into the street. also a prayer meeting at 6 o'clock on Sunday morning, and at five in summer and 6 in winter on the Tuesday and Friday mornings. The other chapel is of still more recent date; it was built in the year 1816, in Albion-street, and is, from its situation, called Albion Chapel, and the services are at half past ten in the morning, 6 in the evening on Sundays, at 7 o'clock on Thursday evenings. This building is about half the size of the other Methodist chapel. They are both supplied with preachers from the conference in connexion with the late Reverend John Wesley.

The Calvinistic Chapel, in Grape-lane, is now occupied by the Primitive Methodists, their Sunday service is at half-past 10 in the morning: prayers at 6 in the morning and 8 in the evening: Monday and Friday services at half-past 7 in the evening: Saturday evening prayers at 8 in the evening.

The Independents, though formerly scarcely known in York, have of late become a numerous body, and will, probably, under the ministry of the zealous and eloquent young preacher, lately called to preside over them, still further increase. Their chapel, which is eligibly situated in Lendal, and thence called "Lendal Chapel," was built in the year, 1814, at a cost of 3000l. and will accommodate a congregation of 1000 persons. The Rev. James Parsons is the minister; and the Sabbath services, of which there are three, commence at half past ten in the morning, half-past two in the afternoon, and half-past 6 o'clock in the evening. There is also a lecture on Thursday, and a prayer meeting on Monday, each of which services commences at 7 o'clock in the evening,

The Sandemanians, a sect of seceders from the Scotch church, founded by the Rev. John Glass, have a chapel in Grapelane, with a small burial ground annexed. Owing to the smallness of their numbers, they have no stated pastor, but this congregation assembles for divine service every Sabbath morning at half-past 10, and again in the afternoon at 2 o'clock.

The religious community, so long the lords of the ascendant, both in this city and in this country, but now ranked as dissenters, occupy, in place of the stately Cathedral, a neat brick-built ehapel, of modern erection, in Little Blake street. The Rev. Benedict Rayment is the pastor of this congregation. The morning services commences in the chapel on Sundays and Holidays, at 10 o'clock in the morning, and the evening service at 3 o'clock in the afternoon, except in the two mid-winter months of December and January, when the evening service be

gins an hour earlier. Every Sunday morn ing a musical high mass, accompanied by a sweet and full toned organ, (recently built at an expense of 5002.) is celebrated here; and in Lent and Advent public lectures are given in the evening, every Sunday, Tuesday, and Thursday, which commence at 7 o'clock.

"

In the suburbs of the city, withoui Micklegate Bar, is a large and handsome brick building, called The Nunnery," which has been used since the year 1686 as a boarding school for ladies of the Roman Catholic persuasion. The assistants in this seminary having quitted the world, and devoted themselves entirely to the instruction of youth, are popularly denominated nuns; each of them constantly wears a large black veil; and exhibits other tokens of monastic peculiarity. At present the establishment consists of sixty young ladies, some of them sent from a considerable distance, for the purpose of education, more than twenty nuns, and about twelve lay-sisters, with an officiating clergyman, (the Rev. James Newsham,) and four domestic servants. Mrs. Eliz. Coyney is the Rev. Mother Superior of the convent. On the premises is a small neat chapel, in which the prayers are read every morning at eight o'clock, and on the Sabbath day also, at two o'clock in the afternoon. These services are open to the public. Over the general entrance is a gallery, in which several of the nuns take their station to ac company the organ during divine service, and the effect of the music may not be inaptly styled seraphic.

There are in York 30 churches and cha pels, and ten monasteries and religious houses which have gone to decay. Three of the decayed churches have been already mentioned in the history of the cathedral and its appendages; the others are St. Bridget and St. Nicholas, in Micklegate; St. Clement's, without Skeldergate Postern; St. Gregory, near Micklegate; St. Peter the Little in Peter-lane; St. Clement's, nearly opposite Merchant's Hall; St. George, near Newgatelane; St. Andrew, in Fishergate; St. Peter in the Willows, at the upper part of Long Close: these ancient edifices were all in the ward of Walmgate. In Monk-ward the de cayed churches are St. Mary's, Layerthorpe; and St. Maurice, Monkgate. In Bootham ward, St. Andrew, St. Stephen, and St John the Baptist, in Hungate; St. Wilfred, near Blake-street. In the suburbs there were St. George's chapel, St. George's close; St. Helen's and the church of All Saints, near Fishergate postern; St. Edward and St. Michael, Watlingate; St. Giles, in Gillygate; and the chapel of St. Mary Magda lene, near the boundary stone of the city