rough, was desired to rebuild this staith, at the spa; and, digging a trench to lay the foundation thereof, with great difficulty cleared it of water; and, when he had done it, could at several parts thereof, very easily stick his cane or stick up to the handie; from whence it is concluded, that all the earth under the staith was of a porous, spongy, swampy nature, and was much the same below the foundation of the spa-house, and all under the sides of the cliff adjoining, as well north as south. Allowing this to be the fact: the solid earth, sinking on the top of the cliff as before-mentioned, (which was of so vast a weight, as by computation to amount to 261,360 tons) pressing gradually upon and into the swampy boggy earth beneath it, would of course, and did, raise the earth and sands, as before noticed, and so effect the mischief that has been particularised. But, fortunately for the town, after a diligent search, and clearing away the ruins, the spa-spring was again discovered; and on trial they found the water rather improved than impaired by the disaster. And it has since been in a more flourishing condition than ever.

The proverb of a Scarborough warning, which denotes a sudden surprize, took its rise from the siezing of its castle by Thomas Stafford, with a handful of men, in the reign of Queen Mary I. when the town had no notice of his approach, and was therefore unprovided for its defence. castle had a stately tower, which served as a landmark to the sailors, but was demolished in the Civil Wars.

The

Among many other religious foundations which this town formerly supported, an hospital was founded here by the burgesses of the town in the reign of Henry II. on lands given by Hugh de Bulmer. The church of St. Mary and some lands being given by the Abbey of Celeaux in France, a cell was settled here in the reign of King

Jbn,

John, which by Edward III. was given to Burling ton Abbey; a house was built for Franciscan friars about the year 1240, which was enlarged by Edward II. a house of black friars, founded before 1285; and a house of Carmelites, said to have been founded by Edward II.

At Hackness, six miles west from Scarborough, a monastery was built by St. Hilda, a little before her death, m 680, which was destroyed before the Conquest. In the reign of Rufus, the pirates having sacked Whitby and driven away the monks, this house was given them by William de Percy, and on the return of the religious to Whitby it became a cell to that house.

At Wykeham, about six miles from Scarborough, there was formerly a priory of Cistertian nuns, founded by Paganel Fitzosbert de Wykeham, about the year 1153; the site of which at the Dissolution, was granted to Francis Poole

At Little Marvi, or de Parva Maurisco, near Yeadingham, there was a convent of Benedictine nuns, founded by Roger de Clare, or Helewysia de Clare, before the year 1163, granted to Robert Holgate, Bishop of Landaff. Between Norton and New Malton, at the foot of the bridge, was an hospital under the jurisdiction of the canons of Mal ton, founded by Roger de Flam ville, in the reign of Henry I.

At Osmotherley, near North Allerton, was a collegiate church, or a rectory, divided into three portions. Near it Thomas Holland, Duke of Surrey, Earl of Kent, and Lord Wake, founded a Carthusian priory, in the 20th Richard II. but dying shortly after in arms against Henry IV. the work stopped, till Henry VI. confirmed his grants 1440. At the Dissolution it was valued at 3231 per annum. NEW MALTON

Is a populous borough town, situated on the river Derwent, which is navigable to the town, with a handsome

handsome stone bridge across. The town is about half a mile in length, and divided by the river into the old and new towns, in which are three parish churches. It sends two members to parliament, and its municipal government is vested in a bailiff and subordinate officers.

The markets are on Thursdays and Saturdays; the latter esteemed the best in the county for horses and black cattle, and other commodities, particularly implements of husbandry. The Derwent was made navigable to Malton, and from hence to the Ouse, by an act of parliament passed in the 1st year of Queen Anne.

There was a castle here in the time of Henry I. of which some remains are still visible; and a monastery, a great part of which was blown down in 1782, the church of which is still standing, though

ruinous.

Leland, in his Itineray, gives us the following description of Malton, as it was in his time:

"The town of Malton hath a good market and two chapels, as members to the parish church of Malton, yet standing wher the late priory in Old Malton was. The castel of Malton hath been large, as it appearith by the ruine. These men have the lordship of Malton in participation; the Lord Clifford, Yevers, and one of the Conyers. But Yevers has besides the whole lordship of Old Malton. Lord William Vesey, and divers of the Yevers were buried at Malton. The old inheritance of the Yevers is Wotton Castle, in the bishopric. Lord Vesey left a daughter married to Aiton, and the daughter of Aiton was married to the Lord Bromfield, and his three daughters to Clifford, Yevers, and Conyers, of Sockburne."

The following Roman inscription was dug up in 1753, in the pye-pits over against the lodge at Malton. The lodge belonged to the late Marquis of Rockingham.

D M

D M

AVR MA

CRINVS EX

EQ SING AVG

The Equites Singularis are here first mentioned in Britain. These were part of the Emperor's body guard, probably of the Emperor Severus, and this their appropriated buring-place.

On the 12th January 1785, during the sitting of the general quarter sessions of the peace at Malton, the centre beam of the sessions house gave way, and upwards of 300 persons fell into the area beneath, a depth of more than 12 feet, but fortunately no lives were lost.

"Mountferrant Castle stood two miles from Malton, in the lordship and paroche of Brydeshaul. It is now clearly defacid, and bushes grow wher it stode. It sumtime belonged to the Lord Maulley, of the which stok ther were 8 yn succession, al by the name of Peter. The last of these Peters left two daughters, wherof one was married to Bigot and the other to Salvaine. Bigot had this castle, with Birdenshaul and Suadale lordship, in Richmondshire, &c. Sum say that Mountferrant was thus thrown down: The second of the Bigots of Ceterington, after the death of Bigot Mareshall, did secretely woe and wan the wylle of one of the Albemarles daughters, earl of Holderness, whereupon Albemarle with great indignation, Bigot Bigot being absent, assaultid Mount Ferrant, wan it, and rulid it: yet Bigot afterwards made his peace with Albemarle, and had his daughter. And sum say that this Bigot made of the manor place of Mongreve a castel in recompence of Mount Ferrant." Leland's Itinerary.

At BROUGHTON, a mile and a half north-west from Malton, was an hospital of St. Mary Magdalen, founded by Enstace Fitz John, who died in the reign of Henry II.

At

At KIRKHAM, about four miles north from Malton, are the remains of a priory of Augustine canons founded by Walter D'Espée and Adeline his wife, in the year 1121, valued at the Dissolution at 3001. per annum; the site was then granted to Henry Knyvet and his wife. The beautiful gate remains, with statues and various shield of arms; part of the ruins of the church were blown down in March 1782.

Four miles north from Whitwell is CASTLE HOWARD, a seat of the Earl of Carlisle. The house is of very great extent, and makes a most magnificent appearance, but will not bear a critical examination of the architecture when viewed near. It is said that the architect was so sensible of the defects of one of the fronts, that he would fain have persuaded the Earl to pull it down again. Journey from York to Hull; through Market Weighton ánd Beverley.

At WILBERFOSS, about eight miles from York, on our road, there was anciently a convent of Benedictine nuns, said to have been founded by Alan de Catron, before the year 1153. After the Dissolution the site was granted to George Gale.

At ELLERTON, on the river Derwent, five miles south from Wilberfoss, there was a priory of Gilbertine canons, founded by William Fitz Peter, before the year 1212. The site of which, after the Dissolution, was granted to John Aske, who had a seat at Aughton, two miles to the south. Sir Robert Aske, who in the insurrection called the Pilgrimage of Grace, headed 40,000 of the rebels, was of this family. They were met by the King's forces near Doncaster, and there made their submission; but Sir Robert, engaging in another insurrection, was hanged in chains at York.

At STANFORD BRIDGE, two miles north from Wilberfoss, Harold, king of England, attacked Harold Haardread, who had just landed at Riccal, with